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Articles 1 - 30 of 48
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The Effect Of Power Shifts On War, Jeffrey D. Torrieri
The Effect Of Power Shifts On War, Jeffrey D. Torrieri
Student Publications
Instances where an actor is experiencing a significant gain in power or is watching the power they once had slowly slip away seem like breeding grounds for conflict. This gives rise to the question: What effect does the rapid rise or decline of a significant actor’s power in the international system have on the likelihood that a system-changing war will occur? The basis of my answer to this question lies in both the power transition theory and the theory of hegemonic war. By critically analyzing the two aforementioned theories, addressing scholarly critiques of these theories, and making predictions about a …
Tea As A Motivator For British Imperialism In China, Grayden R. Varisco
Tea As A Motivator For British Imperialism In China, Grayden R. Varisco
CAFE Symposium 2023
This poster is based on a research paper that sought to find out what influence the tea trade had on developments in Sino-British relations in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Through research, the paper concluded that the strong British desire for tea influenced British attempts to change its relationship with China, as a more "open" China would lead to more and cheaper tea for Britain. Ultimately, this desire led to Britain flooding China with addictive, illicit opium, and waging the imperialistic Opium Wars against China.
Utilization Of Propaganda Throughout The Great War: A Revolutionary Experience, Andrew R. Thibaudeau
Utilization Of Propaganda Throughout The Great War: A Revolutionary Experience, Andrew R. Thibaudeau
CAFE Symposium 2023
This project delves into the impact of propaganda on countries and citizens throughout World War I. It shows how the impacts of this bloodless revolution still resonate in society today, and how it has changed the world eternally, especially with the modern usage of the internet.
Economic Interdependence And Conflict: An International Relations Theory Analysis, Sam M. Arkin
Economic Interdependence And Conflict: An International Relations Theory Analysis, Sam M. Arkin
Glatfelter Gazette
Theories of International Relations are constructed to help make sense of how power is divided amongst international actors. Three prominent theories: Realism, Liberalism, and Neo-Marxism, interpret international phenomena differently based on their assumptions about structures of global power. Economic interdependence is seen by each theory to impact who has power and how that power is maintained. These theories diverge in interpreting how economic interdependence impacts forms of conflict. These pieces do not interpret which theory is correct but work to emphasize the contextual foundations and analytical framework for how each theory perceives the entanglement of economic interdependence and conflict.
State Capitalism’S Inability To Alter The Global Power Structure, Michael R. Woods
State Capitalism’S Inability To Alter The Global Power Structure, Michael R. Woods
Student Publications
In the modern day, many nations have instituted State Capitalist policies to grow their economies and increase their international influence. To evaluate the efficacy of this strategy, this paper analyzes the historical impacts of State Capitalism, as well as its effects upon economic concepts, including competition and innovation. This work also analyzes the ways in which State Capitalist policies have negatively impacted the international reputations of nations such as Russia and China and explores the specific national characteristics and circumstances that are required to truly alter the global power structure. Ultimately, the work concludes that state capitalism is unlikely to …
The Domestic Impact Of International Shaming: Evidence From Climate Change And Human Rights, Faradj Koliev, Douglas D. Page, Jonas Tallberg
The Domestic Impact Of International Shaming: Evidence From Climate Change And Human Rights, Faradj Koliev, Douglas D. Page, Jonas Tallberg
Political Science Faculty Publications
Do international shaming efforts affect citizens’ support for government policies? While it is a frequent claim in the literature that shaming works through domestic politics, we know little about how and when international criticism affects domestic public opinion. We address this question through an originally designed survey experiment in Sweden, which (i) compares the effects of international shaming in two issue areas—human rights and climate change, and (ii) tests whether government responses to criticism moderate the impact of shaming. Our main findings are fourfold. First, we find substantial effects of international shaming on domestic public opinion. These effects hold across …
Covert Imperialism: The Eisenhower Administration And Cuba, Patrick R. Sullivan
Covert Imperialism: The Eisenhower Administration And Cuba, Patrick R. Sullivan
Student Publications
This paper tracks the Eisenhower Administration’s shifting policy towards Cuba and its use of covert imperialism to obtain its objectives. The policy considerations of the United States centered around a convenience for American interests. The support for the Batista regime, despite its oppression, exacerbated anti-American sentiments in the Cuban Revolution and put it on a collision course with American interests. As engagement failed, Cuba nationalized, and tensions escalated, the Eisenhower Administration initiated a campaign of covert imperialism that sought a government more in line with its interests. The covert operations implemented included economic and political sabotage, assassination attempts, and the …
Laws: Prospects Of Regulation, Sam M. Arkin
Laws: Prospects Of Regulation, Sam M. Arkin
Glatfelter Gazette
Lethally Autonomous Weapons Systems are a new emerging technology within the international arena, yet prospects of regulation have scarcely been discussed. This means that this technology, if further developed without regulation, could cause significant casualties and violations of International Humanitarian Law. While this hasn't happened yet, it is important to have these discussions now because later may be too late. This technology is developing fast and is going relatively unnoticed or not understood by many.
A Study Of Groupthink And Multiple Advocacy In Presidential Foreign Policy Fiascos, Ethan S. Wilt
A Study Of Groupthink And Multiple Advocacy In Presidential Foreign Policy Fiascos, Ethan S. Wilt
Student Publications
As “the sole organ of the federal government in the field of international relations,” Presidents have almost exclusively presided over foreign policy. Modern Presidents, spanning from Eisenhower, Kennedy, Ford, Carter, and Reagan, have readily encountered foreign policy crises, with varying degrees of success. Why do some President fail while others triumph? It comes down to an assortment of factors: organizational structure, multiple advocacy, and groupthink. Organizational structure affects how information is disseminated and decisions are made. Multiple advocacy brings out all important interests during deliberations. Groupthink paralyzes deliberations by causing conformity, cohesion, and replaces critical thinking with irrationality. These frameworks …
From Obama To Trump To Biden: U.S. Involvement And Policy Tactics In The Yemeni Civil War, Anthony (Sungho) Choi, Patrick Mahoney
From Obama To Trump To Biden: U.S. Involvement And Policy Tactics In The Yemeni Civil War, Anthony (Sungho) Choi, Patrick Mahoney
Glatfelter Gazette
The analysis intends to overview the history of U.S. involvement in the Yemeni Civil War, starting from the presidency of Barack Obama to Joe Biden. Given that the Biden administration recently has decided to end the U.S. support for Saudi-led military intervention in Yemen, this article hopes to explore what events got the United States up to that point and the U.S. foreign policy tactics and strategies that factored into causing a long-term devastation in Yemen. This analysis will also provide a brief, condensed history regarding what led the war in Yemen to begin.
Covid-19 Has Killed Globalization As We Know It, But It Is Not Too Late For A Different Approach, John Zak
Covid-19 Has Killed Globalization As We Know It, But It Is Not Too Late For A Different Approach, John Zak
Glatfelter Gazette
In this article I discuss the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and how it has led to the overall decline of globalization in its current form. I discuss how the COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the shortcomings of globalization in its current form that proves it to be unsustainable in the long term. In addition, I discuss new ideas for what a new form of globalization would look like that would be more stable and prosperous, along with being better able to manage global crises such as the current pandemic.
Examining The Relationship Between Legal Origin And Levels Of Economic Globalization, Maeve B. Dwyer
Examining The Relationship Between Legal Origin And Levels Of Economic Globalization, Maeve B. Dwyer
Student Publications
State institutions that came into being centuries ago have taken on different roles in the post-World War II period of globalization. These institutions may have changed significantly as their roles have become greater to accommodate participation in the global political economy. The theory I develop in this paper indicates that the legal origins of a state continue to have a relationship with its current level of economic globalization. This theory is based on previous research produced by several other scholars. My research focuses on the English common law origin and I hypothesize that countries with this legal origin are more …
The Trump Doctrine: America First, Not American Exceptionalism, Katelyn Oglesby
The Trump Doctrine: America First, Not American Exceptionalism, Katelyn Oglesby
Student Publications
President Donald Trump’s foreign policy has developed out of an “America First” ideology that comprises both isolationism and interventionism depending on the situation. This differs from President Barack Obama’s preference for the ideology of American Exceptionalism, which placed America on an equal playing field with other nations and utilized international organizations, such as the United Nations and trade organizations. Most of the Trump Doctrine has arisen out of an intentional shift from “typical” foreign policy of Obama and previous, even Republican, presidents. While Trump is influenced by his White House advisers, he has sidelined the State Department and tends to …
Understanding Women’S Political Empowerment In A Globalized World, Jenna M. Thoretz
Understanding Women’S Political Empowerment In A Globalized World, Jenna M. Thoretz
Student Publications
Although women comprise over half of the world’s population, there is still a considerable gap in the scholarly literature, as well as in policymaking communities, regarding the impact globalization has had on women. While scholars have attempted to examine the relationship between globalization and women’s rights and empowerment, there is little consensus on whether globalization harms or benefits women. Through my research, I seek to clarify the relationship between globalization and women’s empowerment, specifically women’s political empowerment. I divide this paper into six sections. I first evaluate the existing literature on the relationship between globalization and women’s empowerment, identifying arguments …
Women’S Participation And Globalization, Madeline R. Buerle
Women’S Participation And Globalization, Madeline R. Buerle
Student Publications
What effect does women’s participation in national legislatures have on the levels of globalization, specifically economic and social globalization? I contend that women’s participation in national legislatures will have differing effects on economic and social globalization. I expect that higher levels of women’s participation in national legislatures will have a negative effect on levels of economic globalization and a positive effect on levels of social globalization. I demonstrate the plausibility of these relationships through an analysis of 194 countries between the years 1990 and 2017. Interestingly, my findings suggest that women’s participation in national legislatures has a positive and statistically …
Sinister Intentions And Devastating Results: Intervention And Duration Of Civil Conflict, John M. Zak
Sinister Intentions And Devastating Results: Intervention And Duration Of Civil Conflict, John M. Zak
Student Publications
In the post-Second World War era, intra-state conflict has become an increasingly prominent feature of the international system. Accompanying the increase in civil conflicts has been interventions by third-parties seeking to influence the outcome of those civil conflicts. This has had a decisive impact on the duration of civil conflict that this work seeks to analyze in detail. Using duration of civil conflict as the dependent variable and intervention as the independent variable, this work will seek to demonstrate empirically that intervention in civil conflict has a significant impact on prolonging the duration of the conflict and can contribute to …
Effects Of Un Peacekeeping Missions, Blake I. Dudley
Effects Of Un Peacekeeping Missions, Blake I. Dudley
Student Publications
Of everything the United Nations does, probably one its most scrutinized programs is its peacekeeping missions across the globe. Even though humanity is experiencing an unprecedented level of peace, deadly civil wars still occur across the world, especially in developing nations. The UN has become involved in many of these conflicts, sending peacekeeping forces to the country in crisis. UN peace efforts are very important because they have the potential to save thousands of lives and preventing the further damages of war. It is for this reason that it is vital to examine the UN peacekeeping missions and evaluate the …
Protest And Religion: An Overview, Yasemin Akbaba
Protest And Religion: An Overview, Yasemin Akbaba
Political Science Faculty Publications
After decades-long neglect, a growing body of scholarship is studying religious components of protests. Religion’s role as a facilitator, the religious perspective of protesters, the goals of religious actors as participants, and faith-based outcomes of protests have been examined using quantitative and qualitative methodology. Although it is now a thriving research field, due to recent contributions, incorporating faith-based variables in protest research is a challenging task since religion travels across different levels of analysis; effortlessly merges with thick concepts such as individual and collective identity; and takes different shapes and color when it surfaces in various social contexts across the …
Is Citizenship Still Relevant? State Sovereignty, Migration, And Sanctuary Cities In A Globalizing World, Melissa J. Lauro
Is Citizenship Still Relevant? State Sovereignty, Migration, And Sanctuary Cities In A Globalizing World, Melissa J. Lauro
Student Publications
This paper argues that sanctuary cities and sanctuary policies in the United States are a manifestation of the conflicts resulting from processes of globalization, which have changed traditional notions of citizenship, state sovereignty, and state security, as well as fostered a cultural backlash and identity politics within the U.S.
Bargaining Theory, Civil War Outcomes, And War Recurrence: Assessing The Results Of Empirical Tests Of The Theory, Caroline A. Hartzell
Bargaining Theory, Civil War Outcomes, And War Recurrence: Assessing The Results Of Empirical Tests Of The Theory, Caroline A. Hartzell
Political Science Faculty Publications
Once ended, a significant number of civil wars recur. One influential empirical international relations theory on which scholars have drawn in an effort to provide an explanation for this phenomenon is the bargaining model of war. Devised initially for the study of interstate war, the theory posits that bargaining problems may prevent belligerents from reaching a deal that enables them to avoid a costly war. Bargaining problems also have been identified as contributing to the recurrence of armed intrastate conflict. Working within the framework of bargaining theory, a number of scholars have claimed that the most effective way to inhibit …
Miedo Y Multilateralismo: Chile Y México En El Consejo De Seguridad De Las Naciones Unidas Antes De La Invasión De Irak De 2003, Amanda K. Krehbiel
Miedo Y Multilateralismo: Chile Y México En El Consejo De Seguridad De Las Naciones Unidas Antes De La Invasión De Irak De 2003, Amanda K. Krehbiel
Student Publications
En este proyecto, exploro la pregunta: ¿cuál fue la motivación de los gobiernos de Chile y México para votar en contra de los EEUU y que fue el efecto de tales acciones en sus relaciones políticos con los Estados Unidos? Investigo documentos oficiales de la ONU, archivos de periódicos, y documentos publicados por las embajadas de los EEUU, Chile, y México. Esta pregunta está en el contexto de la Guerra con Irak en 2003. Examino este tema en el contexto de la Guerra con Irak en 2003. En las semanas antes de la Invasión, en el 19 de marzo de …
Schisms: The Inherent Dangers Of Religious Variance Within A Single Faith – An Analysis Of Intra-State Conflict In The Modern World, Benjamin E. Hazen
Schisms: The Inherent Dangers Of Religious Variance Within A Single Faith – An Analysis Of Intra-State Conflict In The Modern World, Benjamin E. Hazen
Student Publications
This essay explores the relationship between religious variance within a single faith and the frequency of intra-state conflict. Specifically, an emphasis is placed on Sunni and Shia conflict within the overarching umbrella of Islam. Utilizing the most recent empirical data in conjunction with other scholarly research, it can be hypothesized that the more diverse a state is within a single subset of one particular religion, the more frequent the incidence of intra-state conflict is as well.
Enlightenment, Latin America, Age Of Revolutions, Spanish America, Brazil, Katherine A. Lentz
Enlightenment, Latin America, Age Of Revolutions, Spanish America, Brazil, Katherine A. Lentz
Student Publications
An essay analyzing the effect of Enlightenment thinking on the political and societal elite of the colonial Spanish and Portuguese Americas, and the subsequent colonial revolutions.
The Proximity-Based Effect Of Terrorism On Countries' Economies, Sofia E. Mouritsen
The Proximity-Based Effect Of Terrorism On Countries' Economies, Sofia E. Mouritsen
Student Publications
In this paper, I explore the effect that proximity to terrorist-controlled areas has on countries’ economies. I posit that there exists a correlation between the aforementioned proximity and GDP growth rates, and hypothesize that the closer a country is to an area with high levels of terrorism, the more likely it is that its economy will be negatively affected. I begin by examining the nature of the correlation between terrorism and economic growth; following this, I explore the direct ways in which terrorism affects economic growth. Next, I delve into the recent economic history of countries around three areas: the …
Racing To War: Arms Competitions, Military Spending, And The Tendency Of Nations To Engage In Armed Conflict, Thomas S. Potter
Racing To War: Arms Competitions, Military Spending, And The Tendency Of Nations To Engage In Armed Conflict, Thomas S. Potter
Student Publications
An essay exploring the relationship between arms acquisition, military spending, and the tendency of nations to engage in war.
Three Things Putin Will Love About Trump, William D. Bowman
Three Things Putin Will Love About Trump, William D. Bowman
History Faculty Publications
In less than a year, Donald Trump has moved from crass outsider to the presumptive nominee of the Republican Party. How could a candidate who seemed so unlikely not too long ago possibly become the next president of the United States? [excerpt]
Islamism In Western Europe: Milli Görüş In Germany, Gonul Tol, Yasemin Akbaba
Islamism In Western Europe: Milli Görüş In Germany, Gonul Tol, Yasemin Akbaba
Political Science Faculty Publications
This study is an inquiry into the nature of the Islamic Community Milli Görüş (Islamische Gemeinschaft Milli Görüş -IGMG) movement in Germany. The movement has been identified as an “Islamist extremist group” by the German Ministry of the Interior in 2005. Germany has the highest number of Turkish immigrants in Western Europe and is home to Milli Görüş’s headquarters. We ask whether radicalization is a response to social, economic and political marginalization of Milli Görüş members in Germany. The data collected during the field research conducted in Germany between the years of 2004 and 2007 was used to explore radicalization …
Digital Peacekeepers, Drone Surveillance And Information Fusion: A Philosophical Analysis Of New Peacekeeping, Lisa Portmess, Bassam Romaya
Digital Peacekeepers, Drone Surveillance And Information Fusion: A Philosophical Analysis Of New Peacekeeping, Lisa Portmess, Bassam Romaya
Philosophy Faculty Publications
In June 2014 an Expert Panel on Technology and Innovation in UN Peacekeeping was commissioned to examine how technology and innovation could strengthen peacekeeping missions. The panel's report argues for wider deployment of advanced technologies, including greater use of ground and airborne sensors and other technical sources of data, advanced data analytics and information fusion to assist in data integration. This article explores the emerging intelligence-led, informationist conception of UN peacekeeping against the backdrop of increasingly complex peacekeeping mandates and precarious security conditions. New peacekeeping with its heightened commitment to information as a political resource and the endorsement of offensive …
Socioeconomic Differences In Antenatal Care Between The United States And Scandinavia, Joshua B. Kiehl
Socioeconomic Differences In Antenatal Care Between The United States And Scandinavia, Joshua B. Kiehl
Student Publications
Despite their analogous status as economically developed nations, the United States and Scandinavian countries have marked differences in their healthcare systems. In particular both areas discernibly differ in the antenatal treatment provided for expecting women and their babies. Sweden and Denmark’s healthcare systems are universal, run primarily on taxpayer dollars, and provide equal antenatal care regardless of socioeconomic status. The United States’ healthcare system is run on a combination of private and government run insurance, in which socioeconomic status often determines insurance coverage. This variability in insurance coverage often results in differing levels of antenatal care. An overarching question remains …
Flight From The Fight? Civil War And Its Effects On Refugees, Paul D. Lowry
Flight From The Fight? Civil War And Its Effects On Refugees, Paul D. Lowry
Student Publications
Civil war dominates conflict in the modern era. An effect of this is a large number of refugees, who flee from war-torn countries in favor of lands where they can live in safety. This paper examines the extent to which the number of these refugees is affected by the number of civil wars a country has had in a year. Previous literature suggests that civil wars increase destruction in a state and threaten people’s lives, which encourages migration out of a warring country. Based on this, this paper hypothesizes that increasing the number of civil wars in a country will …