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Beyond The Borders: The Rise Of Judicial Corruption And Universal Jurisdiction, Rose Mahdavieh
Beyond The Borders: The Rise Of Judicial Corruption And Universal Jurisdiction, Rose Mahdavieh
University of Miami Race & Social Justice Law Review
No abstract provided.
Shareholders’ Agreements In Public Corporations In Chile: What Are We Missing Out?, Gonzalo Islas, Osvaldo Lagos, Iván Cerda
Shareholders’ Agreements In Public Corporations In Chile: What Are We Missing Out?, Gonzalo Islas, Osvaldo Lagos, Iván Cerda
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
Shareholders’ agreements are quite common in many jurisdictions. Theory and empirical evidence suggest that they may have a positive or a negative impact on corporate governance structures depending on companies’ characteristics and on the goals that these contracts pursue. Shareholders’ agreements may be used as Control Enhancement Mechanisms (CEM) allowing controllers to circumvent rules that favor minority investors. However, comparing to other CEM, in many countries information regarding them is scarce. Is it necessary that shareholders’ agreements in public corporations be fully informed?
We examine the case of Chile (a country that only requires to inform that a shareholder agreement …
Courthouse Doors Are Closed To Foreign Citizens For International Law Torts Committed By American Corporations, Gisell Landrian
Courthouse Doors Are Closed To Foreign Citizens For International Law Torts Committed By American Corporations, Gisell Landrian
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
This Note examines the intersection of corporate accountability, human rights violations, and legal recourse for victims of child slavery in the cocoa industry inspired by the Court’s decision Nestle USA, Inc. v. Doe. This decision further limited the scope of the Alien Tort Statute, hindering the plaintiffs’ quest for justice for international human rights violations. The Note analyzes the decision in Nestle USA, Inc. v. Doe through (1) an examination of the Court’s limitations on the Alien Tort Statute and (2) an analysis of the Canadian Supreme Court’s decision in Nevsun.
The Detention Of Immigration Policy: How States Are Commandeering Dhs Enforcement Guidelines, Brianna Riguera
The Detention Of Immigration Policy: How States Are Commandeering Dhs Enforcement Guidelines, Brianna Riguera
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
In 2021, the Department of Homeland Security issued immigration guidelines that de-emphasized detention and removal of non-citizens who, aside from being undocumented, are otherwise contributing members of communities across the United States. However, Arizona, Montana, Ohio, Texas, and Louisiana challenged these guidelines, launching a nuanced legal dispute that concerned states standing under Article III, prosecutorial discretion, and nationwide preliminary injunctions. In United States v. Texas, the Court ruled 8-1 that the states lacked standing and reversed the Fifth Circuit’s nationwide injunction, but the majority opinion failed to address the other legal issues that are pressing on a rife debate about …
Ukraine V. Russia: A Case For Change In International Enforcement, Katy Malloy
Ukraine V. Russia: A Case For Change In International Enforcement, Katy Malloy
William & Mary Law Review
A scant few territorial violations have occurred in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, and those that have occurred generally prompted quick and unequivocal condemnation, as well as efforts to return to the status quo. Notable violations—the Six-Days War, the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, the Falklands War, Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait, and Russia’s annexation of Crimea—have prompted a short menu of international responses. The Six-Days War and the invasion of Crimea both prompted years’ worth of political criticism for Israel and Russia, respectively, as both nations have held onto at least parts of the lands seized. The Falklands War prompted almost …
U'Wa Indigenous People Vs. Columbia: Potential Applications Of The Escazu Agreement, Ariana Lippi
U'Wa Indigenous People Vs. Columbia: Potential Applications Of The Escazu Agreement, Ariana Lippi
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
Though the case is ongoing, and results are still to be seen, it in many ways sets a precedent for indigenous communities in Latin America seeking redress for environmental and cultural injustices. With Colombia’s recent ratification of The Escazú Regional Agreement (the Agreement herein) in 2022, this case presents a unique opportunity for implementation of the Agreement and greater accountability within existing domestic legislation.
Incentivizing Sustainability In American Enterprise: Lessons From Finnish Model, Vasa T. Dunham
Incentivizing Sustainability In American Enterprise: Lessons From Finnish Model, Vasa T. Dunham
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
The disparate climate performances of Finland and the United States, two of the wealthiest countries in the world, bring to light the question of how corporate responsibility has been inspired in each jurisdiction. Having established the urgency of the climate crisis and the importance of corporate behavior in optimizing a given country’s approach to protection of the global environment, an examination of each nation’s legal frameworks may shed light on features of the corporate regime that are effective in advancing sustainability goals and those that are not.22 Part I of this paper establishes a comparative framework by providing background on …
Law And Social Justice: Operationalizing Stakeholder Theory In Governmental Regulations And Corporate Decision-Making For Social And Economic Sustainability, Resilience, And Democracy, Daniel Herron, Laura Powell
Law And Social Justice: Operationalizing Stakeholder Theory In Governmental Regulations And Corporate Decision-Making For Social And Economic Sustainability, Resilience, And Democracy, Daniel Herron, Laura Powell
Pace International Law Review
It is time to shed the twentieth century capitalistic ways of shareholder maximization. It is time to fashion a “new” capitalism which retains the competitive dynamic but redefines its force to create a more socially just society. That is a huge order, to say the least. But, there is a path to that end. The 2019 U.S. Business Roundtable’s announcement, the creation of the Benefit Corporation, and the United Kingdom’s 2006 Companies Act began that process. These developments are enabling the beginning of the redefining of one of the bedrocks of capitalism: fiduciary obligation. The methodology of these developments is …
Decreasing The United States’ Maternal Mortality Rate: Using Policies Of Other High-Income Countries As A Model, Leah Frattellone
Decreasing The United States’ Maternal Mortality Rate: Using Policies Of Other High-Income Countries As A Model, Leah Frattellone
Pace International Law Review
The United States has the highest maternal mortality rate among high-income countries. This article focuses on policies the United States can implement to decrease the maternal mortality rate, with a focus on access to abortion, the standard of care for pregnant women and new mothers, access to healthcare, and family leave. This article also explores policies surrounding those areas in other high-income countries and analyzes the differences in both the actual policies and the outcomes of those policies. To effectively decrease the maternal mortality rate in the United States, policies from other high-income countries, with lower maternal mortality rates should …
Aggressor Status And Its Impact On International Criminal Law Case Selection, Nancy Amoury Combs
Aggressor Status And Its Impact On International Criminal Law Case Selection, Nancy Amoury Combs
Pace International Law Review
The laws of war apply equally to all parties to a conflict; thus, a party that violates international law by launching a war is granted the same international humanitarian law rights as a party that is required to defend against the illegal war. This doctrine—known as the equal application doctrine—has been sharply critiqued, particularly by philosophers, who claim the doctrine to be morally indefensible. Lawyers and legal academics, by contrast, defend the equal application doctrine because they reasonably fear that applying different rules to different warring parties will sharply reduce states’ willingness to comply with the international humanitarian law system …
An Icy Invasion: Russia's Seizure Of The Norwegian Waters In The Arctic, Margaret Turchinski
An Icy Invasion: Russia's Seizure Of The Norwegian Waters In The Arctic, Margaret Turchinski
American University International Law Review
Russia is aiming to expand its power in the Arctic Circle by acquiring unrestricted access to hydrocarbon reserves off the coast of the Norwegian Archipelago of Svalbard. Two bodies of international law govern Svalbard. The Svalbard Treaty of 1920 ascertains Norway’s sovereignty over the archipelago and permits the signatory nations, including Russia, to conduct commercial activities on the land and in the “territorial waters”. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea establishes maritime zones that allow coastal states to claim exclusive rights to their territorial seas and continental shelf. Norway holds that “territorial waters” in the Svalbard …
Lessons From A Small And Troubled Country: Bosnia’S Struggling Judiciary Paints An Ominous Picture For The Future Of The Rule Of Law In The United States, David Pimentel
Mitchell Hamline Law Journal of Public Policy and Practice
No abstract provided.
Achieving Effective Procurement During A Global Crisis: A Study Of The Uncitral Model Law On Public Procurement And The Wto Agreement On Government Procurement, Dmitri Goubarkov
Achieving Effective Procurement During A Global Crisis: A Study Of The Uncitral Model Law On Public Procurement And The Wto Agreement On Government Procurement, Dmitri Goubarkov
American University International Law Review
The global nature of the COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges for public procurement systems around the world. Governments everywhere faced an immense pressure to facilitate the rapid procurement of supplies and services needed to support overburdened health and social care systems. Speed and flexibility were needed to address the shortages of protective personal equipment, distribution of ventilators, and increased demand for medications, all of which required governments to forego traditional public procurement methods. Governments had to balance the underlying principles of their procurement systems—namely, competition, integrity, and transparency—against urgency, and do so in a way that does not erode public …
Coastal Conflict: How International Law Addresses China's Claims In The South China Sea, Madeline H. Broshears
Coastal Conflict: How International Law Addresses China's Claims In The South China Sea, Madeline H. Broshears
Tenor of Our Times
The South China Sea is home to natural resources and reefs that benefit its surrounding states. International law divides these waters to grant certain rights to each coastal state so as to ensure fair distribution of the waters. As of late, China’s actions in the South China Sea frequently violate the distribution of waters under international law. They have infringed upon the Philippine’s waters and attempted to establish authority over most of the South China Sea, rather than remaining within their own waters. Thus, the Philippines filed arbitration against China, and the ruling rebuked China’s behavior in the South China …
Divined Comity: Assessing The Vitamin C Antitrust Litigation And Updating The Second Circuit’S Prescriptive Comity Framework, William Weingarten
Divined Comity: Assessing The Vitamin C Antitrust Litigation And Updating The Second Circuit’S Prescriptive Comity Framework, William Weingarten
Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law
In re Vitamin C Antitrust Litigation, recently decided by the Second Circuit, sets a grave precedent for American plaintiffs seeking redress for antitrust injuries wrought by foreign defendants. The case involved a group of Chinese manufacturers and exporters of vitamin C, who conspired to fix prices and restrict output in the export market, injuring American consumers in import commerce. The foreign manufacturers conceded that they had colluded in fixing prices and restricting output, in flagrant violation of U.S. antitrust law. And yet, with the assistance of the Chinese government—intervening as amicus curiae—the defendants were successfully able to argue, on appeal …
A Right Without A Remedy: How One Cincinnatian's Story Illustrates Terrorism Victims' Inability To Obtain Compensation Under The Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, Christopher T. Colloton
A Right Without A Remedy: How One Cincinnatian's Story Illustrates Terrorism Victims' Inability To Obtain Compensation Under The Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, Christopher T. Colloton
University of Cincinnati Law Review
No abstract provided.
Restitution For Haiti, Reparations For All: Haiti’S Place In The Global Reparations Movement, Brian Concannon Jr., Kristina Fried, Alexandra V. Filippova
Restitution For Haiti, Reparations For All: Haiti’S Place In The Global Reparations Movement, Brian Concannon Jr., Kristina Fried, Alexandra V. Filippova
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
Haiti’s claim for restitution of the debt coerced by France in exchange for Haiti’s 1804 independence has unique legal advantages that can open the door to broader reparations for the descendants of all people harmed by slavery. But in order to assert the claim, Haiti first needs help reclaiming its democracy from a corrupt, repressive regime propped up by the powerful countries that prospered through slavery and overthrew the Haitian President who dared to assert his country’s legal claim. This article explores Haiti’s Independence Debt, and the fight for restitution of it, in the context of two centuries of continued …
Haiti: Confronting An Immense Challenge, Irwin Stotzky
Haiti: Confronting An Immense Challenge, Irwin Stotzky
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
This article analyzes the history of Haiti, from its origins as a slave colony of France, which was the richest colony in the Americas, to its war of independence leading to the first Black independent nation in the Americas, to its economic re-enslavement under the power of France and then the United States. The article discusses the great harm the French caused the Haitian people by imposing through force a ransom of billions of dollars that has led Haiti to its present position of being on the brink of becoming a failed state, with all of the disastrous consequences for …
Haiti’S Legal Claim For Restitution: The Political Context For The Recovery Of The Double-Debt, Ira J. Kurzban
Haiti’S Legal Claim For Restitution: The Political Context For The Recovery Of The Double-Debt, Ira J. Kurzban
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
This article discusses Haiti’s efforts to seek restitution from France for the “Double-Debt” imposed in 1825. After Haiti gained independence in 1804 following a slave revolt, France threatened to invade and re-enslave the Haitian people if they did not pay compensation to French slave owners for their lost “property.” This became known as the Double-Debt, as French and American banks profited by converting the debt into high-interest loans. In 2003, on the 200th anniversary of Haitian hero Toussaint Louverture’s death, Haiti’s president Jean-Bertrand Aristide announced his intention to demand repayment from France. This sparked retaliation from France and Haiti’s elite, …
Redress For Historical Injustices: Haiti’S Claim For The Restitution Of Post-Independence Payments To France, Günther Handl
Redress For Historical Injustices: Haiti’S Claim For The Restitution Of Post-Independence Payments To France, Günther Handl
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
No abstract provided.
Haiti And The Indemnity Question, Alex Dupuy
Haiti And The Indemnity Question, Alex Dupuy
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
1) Haiti did not agree to pay an indemnity to France in 1825 because it feared a war with its former colonial power. In 1814, France sent envoys to Haiti to demand that King Henry Christophe, who controlled the north of Haiti, and President Alexandre Pétion, who controlled the south and west, resubmit to French sovereignty. Christophe had that envoy arrested and jailed. Pétion, on the other hand, offered to pay an indemnity to France to compensate the former colonial property owners in return for France’s official recognition of Haiti’s independence.
2) Jean-Pierre Boyer succeeded Pétion as president of the …
Haiti And The Burden Of History, Frédérique Beauvois
Haiti And The Burden Of History, Frédérique Beauvois
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Lost Haitian Generation And The 1826 “French Debt”: The Case For Restitution To Haiti, Charlot Lucien
The Lost Haitian Generation And The 1826 “French Debt”: The Case For Restitution To Haiti, Charlot Lucien
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Conferred Jurisdiction Of The International Criminal Court, Leila Nadya Sadat
The Conferred Jurisdiction Of The International Criminal Court, Leila Nadya Sadat
Notre Dame Law Review
After twenty years of operation, we know that the International Criminal Court (ICC) works in practice. But does it work in theory? A debate rages regarding the proper conceptualization of the Court’s jurisdiction. Some have argued that the ICC’s jurisdiction is little more than a delegation by states of a subset of their own criminal jurisdiction. They contend that when states ratify the Rome Statute, they transfer some of their own prescriptive or adjudicative criminal jurisdiction to the Court, meaning that the Court cannot do more than the state itself could have done. Moreover, they argue that these constraints are …
The Ideal Approach To Artificial Intelligence Legislation: A Combination Of The United States And European Union, Dane Chapman
The Ideal Approach To Artificial Intelligence Legislation: A Combination Of The United States And European Union, Dane Chapman
University of Miami Law Review
The evolution of Artificial Intelligence (“A.I.”) from a speculative concept depicted in science fiction to its integration into various aspects of everyday life has brought about complex challenges for contemporary legislators. The proliferation of A.I. technology has led to a growing recognition of the need for regulation, as it poses both promises and threats to society. On the one hand, A.I. has the potential to enhance efficiency in various fields, such as medicine and automation of routine tasks. On the other hand, if left unregulated, A.I. has the potential to undermine democratic principles and infringe upon fundamental rights. Thus, legislators …
Law Not War: A Reflection On The Life And Work Of Benjamin B. Ferencz, 1920-2023, Patricia M. Mische
Law Not War: A Reflection On The Life And Work Of Benjamin B. Ferencz, 1920-2023, Patricia M. Mische
The Journal of Social Encounters
Solidarity in this essay is differentiated from collectivism, conformity, group think, herd mentality and mob action. It is defined as a mindful and empathetic choice to work in unity with others to alleviate human suffering and uphold human dignity by advancing systems of greater justice, peace, freedom, and inclusion for all. This form of solidarity is explored through the prism of one person’s life – that of Benjamin Ferencz – and how he used his experience, talents, and skills to develop and promote the international legal framework needed to address and prevent crimes against humanity. It traces his life from …
Exposing The Glass Ceiling And Social Exclusion Of Arabs In The Israeli Labor Market, Neta Nadiv
Exposing The Glass Ceiling And Social Exclusion Of Arabs In The Israeli Labor Market, Neta Nadiv
Pace International Law Review
This article presents the conservative claim that the public sector ought to lead by example to influence social employment patterns, across the public and private sectors. The hypothesis is that affirmative action plans are instrumental in establishing change in employment processes and are additionally essential in advancing the social concept of employment diversity. In the absence of a clear obligation and set requirements for the inclusion of Arab employees in Israel, an under-represented group, it is likely no significant change in employment patterns will be seen. This article details how current affirmative action plans advocate for integration merely on paper …
Determining An Effective Regulatory Framework For Businesses To Report On The Environment, Climate, And Human Rights, Paco Mengual
Determining An Effective Regulatory Framework For Businesses To Report On The Environment, Climate, And Human Rights, Paco Mengual
Pace International Law Review
The objective of this article is to identify the existing dynamics and clarify the reasoning behind reporting on environmental, climate, and human rights information in search of effective and binding frameworks to enhance transparency. To that effect, this article relates the evolution from a corporate sustainable business focus to reporting on environmental social and governance and increasing corporate accountability. It then expands on defining non- financial information and ESG reporting with regards to recent European Union Regulations (SFDR, Taxonomy) as well as the challenges associated with defining sustainable investments. This article aims to compare and understand the various regulatory strategies …
International Agreements Shaping Migration Solutions, Camilo Mantilla
International Agreements Shaping Migration Solutions, Camilo Mantilla
Refugee Law & Migration Studies Brief
In an increasingly complex and interdependent state of international relations, international treaty negotiation, adoption, and implementation constitute an important component of global foreign policy and activity of states. International agreements embody sovereign and state-to-state relations and behavior in a global forum. International agreements manifest in ways that vary in form, subject, formalities, parties, scope, forum and many other elements.
The Artistry Of Mediation: A Look At Mediation’S Effectiveness For Resolving Cross-Cultural Disputes Through The Leonardo Da Vinci Conflict Between France’S Louvre Museum And Italy’S Uffizi Gallery, Sophia D. Casetta
Pepperdine Journal of Communication Research
Art is powerful, as it symbolizes the history and identity of the country that claims it. However, through timely transitions, such as trade and wars, the ownership of meaningful artworks blurs, with museums fighting to claim their heritage to put on honorable display for their people. Mediation can be a peaceful means to resolve art ownership disputes, as it accounts for respecting the individual cultures of the countries represented in the dispute. Using the key medication traits described within this essay, a prepared mediator involved in such a cross-cultural conflict should be able to help resolve the issue at hand. …