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Articles 1 - 30 of 32
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Gender Violence As A Penalty Of Poverty, Deborah M. Weissman
Gender Violence As A Penalty Of Poverty, Deborah M. Weissman
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
The matter of gender violence, including intimate partner violence (IPV), has long been categorized as a particularly egregious crime. The consequences of IPV are profound and affect all members of the household, family members near and far, and the communities where they live. Gender violence impacts the national economy. Costs accrue to workplaces, health care institutions, and encumber local and state coffers. Survivors are deprived of income, property, and economic stability: conditions that often endure beyond periods of physical injuries. Offenders also experience economic hardship as a result of involvement with the legal system. They often face significant obstacles when …
Withdrawing From Nafta, Alison Peck
Withdrawing From Nafta, Alison Peck
Faculty & Staff Scholarship
Since the 2016 campaign, Donald Trump has threatened to withdraw from NAFTA. Can he? The question is complex. For one thing, NAFTA is not a treaty negotiated under the Treaty Clause of the Constitution, but rather a congressional–executive agreement, a creature of dubious con- stitutionality and ill-defined withdrawal and termination parameters. This Article reviews the scope of those restrictions and concludes that unilateral presidential withdrawal from NAFTA, although not without support, is ultimately unlawful. On one hand, unilateral presidential withdrawal would be valid as a matter of international law, and the NAFTA Implementation Act appears to be designed to terminate …
Nafta/Usmca Dispute Settlement Mechanisms And The Constitution, John S. Baker Jr., Phd, Lindsey Keiser
Nafta/Usmca Dispute Settlement Mechanisms And The Constitution, John S. Baker Jr., Phd, Lindsey Keiser
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
No abstract provided.
230+ Law And Economics Professors Urge President To Remove Isds From Nafta, Columbia Center On Sustainable Investment
230+ Law And Economics Professors Urge President To Remove Isds From Nafta, Columbia Center On Sustainable Investment
Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment Staff Publications
CCSI helped launch a letter signed by over 230 law and economics professors urging President Trump to remove ISDS provisions from NAFTA. As the letter notes, the ISDS mechanism “undermines the important roles of our domestic and democratic institutions, threatens domestic sovereignty, and weakens the rule of law.” The letter builds upon the center’s past work, including a similar letter published last year calling on Congress to reject the Trans Pacific Partnership for its inclusion of ISDS, and broader analyses of both the threat that ISDS poses to domestic US law and of the ISDS provisions that were included in …
Globalization And The Border: Trade, Labor, Migration, And Agricultural Production In Mexico, Chantal Thomas
Globalization And The Border: Trade, Labor, Migration, And Agricultural Production In Mexico, Chantal Thomas
Chantal Thomas
The debate over immigration policy in the United States has reached a crescendo in recent years, with particular concern over illegal workers and their impact on social well-being in this country. Yet in the prevailing analysis of this issue, the relationship between immigration and contemporary international trade policy is often overlooked. In particular, few commentators recognize or understand that a significant part of the surge in illegal labor from Mexico--the source of the majority of undocumented workers in the United States—stems from reforms that Mexico undertook in cooperation with the United States to liberalize trade flows across the Mexico-United States …
New Weaknesses: Despite A Major Win, Arbitration Decisions In 2014 Increase The Us’S Future Exposure To Litigation And Liability, Lise Johnson
Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment Staff Publications
In 2014, the US continued its overall record of success in defending investment treaty claims. But it did suffer losses on a number of important issues, and those losses will render the US (and its treaty parties) vulnerable to future claims, litigation expense, and liability. The US’s recent losses, which have thus far been largely ignored in commentary on the US’s experiences in investment arbitration, are highlighted in this briefing note.
The Interaction Of Tax And Non-Tax Treaties, Robert A. Green
The Interaction Of Tax And Non-Tax Treaties, Robert A. Green
Robert A. Green
This background note consists of two parts. Part one provides an overview of the extent to which tax matters are currently covered in non-tax treaties. This discussion focuses on the general agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT)/World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement and the North American free trade agreement (NAFTA) (which cover direct tax measures only to a limited extent) and the European Community (EC) treaty (which covers direct tax measures more broadly). Part two outlines the issues raised when tax matters are covered in non-tax treaties.
The National Environmental Policy Act Of 1969 And Its Implications For Nafta: Public Citizen V. United States Trade Representative, 822 F. Supp. 21 (D.D.C.), Rev'd 5 F.3d 549 (D.C. Cir. 1993)., Kristin R. Loecke
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Expansion Of Nafta: Issues And Obstacles Regarding Accession By Latin American States And Associations, Brandy A. Bayer
Expansion Of Nafta: Issues And Obstacles Regarding Accession By Latin American States And Associations, Brandy A. Bayer
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The Cuban Liberty And Democratic Solidarity Act Of 1996 - Implications For Nafta, Dean C. Bucci
The Cuban Liberty And Democratic Solidarity Act Of 1996 - Implications For Nafta, Dean C. Bucci
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The "Giant Sucking Sound" Revisited: A Blueprint To Prevent Pollution Havens By Extending Nafta's Unheralded "Eco-Dumping" Provisions To The New World Trade Organization, Joel L. Silverman
The "Giant Sucking Sound" Revisited: A Blueprint To Prevent Pollution Havens By Extending Nafta's Unheralded "Eco-Dumping" Provisions To The New World Trade Organization, Joel L. Silverman
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Prospects For Satisfactory Dispute Resolution Of Private Commercial Disputes Under The North American Free Trade Agreement, Jonathan I. Miller
Prospects For Satisfactory Dispute Resolution Of Private Commercial Disputes Under The North American Free Trade Agreement, Jonathan I. Miller
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Nafta Chapter 19 Binational Panel Reviews - Still A Zero Sum Game: The Wire Rod Decision And Its Progeny, Edward Tracy
Nafta Chapter 19 Binational Panel Reviews - Still A Zero Sum Game: The Wire Rod Decision And Its Progeny, Edward Tracy
American University International Law Review
No abstract provided.
Globalization And The Border: Trade, Labor, Migration, And Agricultural Production In Mexico, Chantal Thomas
Globalization And The Border: Trade, Labor, Migration, And Agricultural Production In Mexico, Chantal Thomas
Cornell Law Faculty Publications
The debate over immigration policy in the United States has reached a crescendo in recent years, with particular concern over illegal workers and their impact on social well-being in this country. Yet in the prevailing analysis of this issue, the relationship between immigration and contemporary international trade policy is often overlooked. In particular, few commentators recognize or understand that a significant part of the surge in illegal labor from Mexico--the source of the majority of undocumented workers in the United States—stems from reforms that Mexico undertook in cooperation with the United States to liberalize trade flows across the Mexico-United States …
Giving Power To The People: Comparing The Environmental Provisions Of Chile’S Free Trade Agreements With Canada And The United States, Rachel T. Kirby
Giving Power To The People: Comparing The Environmental Provisions Of Chile’S Free Trade Agreements With Canada And The United States, Rachel T. Kirby
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
No abstract provided.
Don't Cross The Streams: Past And Present Overstatement Of Customary International Law In Connection With Conventional Fair And Equitable Treatment Obligations, Theodore Kill
Michigan Law Review
The obligation to provide fair and equitable treatment to foreign investors and investments has existed as a concept of international economic law at least since the 1919 Covenant of the League of Nations. The fair and equitable treatment provision is a key protection contained in the vast majority of modern bilateral investment treaties. Tribunals adjudicating alleged breaches of these fair and equitable treatment provisions have not arrived at a uniform interpretation of the term. As a threshold issue, however each tribunal must address the question of whether a state's obligations under a given treaty's fair and equitable treatment provision will …
An Evaluation Of Current Legitimacy-Based Objections To Nafta's Chapter 11 Investment Dispute Resolution Process, Naveen Gurudevan
An Evaluation Of Current Legitimacy-Based Objections To Nafta's Chapter 11 Investment Dispute Resolution Process, Naveen Gurudevan
San Diego International Law Journal
The year 1994 saw the conclusion of a very important trilateral trade and investment treaty in North America: the North American Free Trade Agreement. Since then, this agreement has had a tremendous impact on the trading relations among the three signatory states-the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Of particular significance is Chapter 11, the Investment Chapter. One of the main objectives of Chapter 11 is to provide an effective means for the resolution of disputes between a foreign investor and the host government. To this end, it provides a mechanism whereby private parties can initiate arbitration proceedings against the host …
The Next Privatization Of Public Assets: Domestic And Trade Implication Related To Water Right And Land Acquisition, Jennifer C. Gerbasi
The Next Privatization Of Public Assets: Domestic And Trade Implication Related To Water Right And Land Acquisition, Jennifer C. Gerbasi
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
No abstract provided.
Meaning, Ambiguity And Legitimacy: Judicial (Re-)Construction Of Nafta Chapter 11, Ari Afilalo
Meaning, Ambiguity And Legitimacy: Judicial (Re-)Construction Of Nafta Chapter 11, Ari Afilalo
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) benignly named the "Investment Chapter," is a theater for some of the most advanced issues of 21st century international law and adjudication. The Chapter gives private parties the right to challenge national policies that burden their ability to do business freely. It empowers arbitral tribunals to assess damages against the governments of NAFTA parties. The adjudicators, as this Article illustrates, render opinions with a constitutional flavor in that they assess the validity of domestic norms against larger principles of international economic law. In a drastic move away from classical century …
The Race To The Bottom: The United States' Influence On Mexican Labor Law Enforcement, Jenna L. Acuff
The Race To The Bottom: The United States' Influence On Mexican Labor Law Enforcement, Jenna L. Acuff
San Diego International Law Journal
There are several theories why the Mexican government has refused to enforce the stringent laws enumerated in the Mexican Constitution. For example, the North American Social Dumping Theory and Mexico's desire to retain foreign direct investment from foreign countries as a source of revenue and employment. This Comment seeks to analyze and expound on these theories and to develop two additional theories that have only been discussed in passing. Part II begins with a brief look at the history of Mexican labor, including pre- and post-Revolution working conditions. Part III discusses Mexico's encouragement and protection of foreign direct investment and …
Taking Stock Of Nafta Chapter 11 In Its Tenth Year, Jack J. Coe, Jr.
Taking Stock Of Nafta Chapter 11 In Its Tenth Year, Jack J. Coe, Jr.
Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into force on January 1, 1994. Its Eleventh Chapter establishes substantive guarantees and an arbitral mechanism by which qualifying investors may seek damages for breach of those guarantees. The much-discussed investor-state arbitration apparatus was first invoked in September 1996, and since then has been resorted to several times against each NAFTA state. Many cases have concluded, while others are nearing completion. Though a mature jurisprudence has by no means emerged, substantive trends have been established and several of Chapter l's distinctive features, strengths, and weaknesses have been illuminated.
NAFTA's investor-state docket has …
The Interaction Of Tax And Non-Tax Treaties, Robert A. Green
The Interaction Of Tax And Non-Tax Treaties, Robert A. Green
Cornell Law Faculty Publications
This background note consists of two parts. Part one provides an overview of the extent to which tax matters are currently covered in non-tax treaties. This discussion focuses on the general agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT)/World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement and the North American free trade agreement (NAFTA) (which cover direct tax measures only to a limited extent) and the European Community (EC) treaty (which covers direct tax measures more broadly). Part two outlines the issues raised when tax matters are covered in non-tax treaties.
Laws As Treaties?: The Constitutionality Of Congressional-Executive Agreements, John C. Yoo
Laws As Treaties?: The Constitutionality Of Congressional-Executive Agreements, John C. Yoo
Michigan Law Review
Only twice in the last century, in 1919 with the Treaty of Versailles, and two years ago with the comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty, has the Senate rejected a significant treaty sought by the President. In both cases, the international agreement received support from a majority of the Senators, but failed to reach the two-thirds supermajority required by Article II, Section 2, of the Constitution. The failure of the Versailles Treaty resulted in a shattering defeat for President Wilson's vision of a new world order, based on collective security and led by the United States. Rejection of the Test-Ban Treaty amounted …
The Changing Labor Markets Of The Western Hemisphere: Labor Issues Relating To The Ftaa, Ann C. Hodges
The Changing Labor Markets Of The Western Hemisphere: Labor Issues Relating To The Ftaa, Ann C. Hodges
Richmond Journal of Global Law & Business
No abstract provided.
Environmental Impact Assessment Laws In The Nineties: Can The United States And Mexico Learn From Each Other?, Heather N. Stevenson
Environmental Impact Assessment Laws In The Nineties: Can The United States And Mexico Learn From Each Other?, Heather N. Stevenson
University of Richmond Law Review
The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) was the first major environmental law in the United States. The statute "was devised to establish a comprehensive national policy which would ... guid[e] federal activity and provid[e] for a coordinated, informed approach toward dealing with environmental problems." Since NEPA's enactment, agencies have been "required to prepare environmental analyses, with input from the state and local governments, Indian tribes, the public, and other federal agencies, when considering a proposal for a major federal action." Although most of the environmental impact assessment law in the world is modeled on NEPA and the impact …
Is Nafta Up To Its Green Expectations? Effective Law Enforcement Under The North American Agreement On Environmental Cooperation, Beatriz Bugeda
Is Nafta Up To Its Green Expectations? Effective Law Enforcement Under The North American Agreement On Environmental Cooperation, Beatriz Bugeda
University of Richmond Law Review
On January 1, 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between the governments of Mexico, Canada and the United States went into effect. Together with this trade agreement, the governments of the three countries entered into a side agreement on the environment: the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC). This agreement, also known as the Environmental Side Agreement, responded to some of the concerns of NAFTA critics. Some environmentalists believed NAFTA would promote environmentally insensitive and uncontrolled growth, and others thought the liberalization of trade would be used as a means to preempt stringent domestic environmental regulations.
From Stockholm To Kyoto And Back To The United States: International Environmental Law's Effect On Domestic Law, Joel B. Eisen
From Stockholm To Kyoto And Back To The United States: International Environmental Law's Effect On Domestic Law, Joel B. Eisen
University of Richmond Law Review
We Americans think we're so darned smart. We invented modern environmental law, developed its sophisticated "command-and-control" structure, got the public involved as never before in fighting corporate polluters, and achieved measurable successes by getting lead out of our air and bald eagles back from near extinction. We've even tried "second generation" tools such as emissions trading systems' and incentive-based regulatory flexibility approaches when we discovered our system's limitations. Not that we've got it all figured out, mind you, but we're inclined to think of ourselves as world leaders when it comes to environmental protection.
The Applicability Of Nepa To Nafta: Law, Politics, Or Economics?, Taunya L. Mclarty
The Applicability Of Nepa To Nafta: Law, Politics, Or Economics?, Taunya L. Mclarty
Maryland Journal of International Law
No abstract provided.
Priority Of Invention In United States Patents: From The Paris Convention To Gatt, John F. Carroll Iv
Priority Of Invention In United States Patents: From The Paris Convention To Gatt, John F. Carroll Iv
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Imagine the following: It's New Year's Eve, 1994, and as twilight falls you start to clean off your desk and get ready to go home. On top of your "Out" tray is a copy of a patent application for American Corporation that you filed with the Patent and Trademark Office last week. A-Corp., one of your largest clients, is the nation's largest manufacturer of business office furniture. The patent application is for A-Corp's new "Security Cabinet," a device that protects sensitive computer disks and video- tapes from electromagnetic contamination. The Security Cabinet was unveiled at an office supply trade show …
Appointments Clause Problems In The Dispute Resolution Provisions Of The United States-Canada Free Trade Agreement, Alan B. Morrison
Appointments Clause Problems In The Dispute Resolution Provisions Of The United States-Canada Free Trade Agreement, Alan B. Morrison
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.