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First International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, Multiple Authors
First International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, Multiple Authors
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
No abstract provided.
Performance Of Diaphragm Walls In Deep Foundation Excavations, Z. C. Moh, T. F. Song
Performance Of Diaphragm Walls In Deep Foundation Excavations, Z. C. Moh, T. F. Song
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Two case studies of using diaphragm wall as earth retaining structure for deep excavation are reported. Case A concerns excavation down to a depth of 14.7 min alternate layers of soft silty clay and silty sand. Diaphragm walls of 70 m thick and 22 m deep were installed into a dense silty sand stratum. In Case B, diaphragm walls of 60 m thick were constructed in very soft clayey soil without penetration into any firm stratum. In both cases, instrumentations including piezometers, inclinometers, earth pressure cells, reinforcing bar transducers, heave stakes, settlement points and strut strain gauges were installed and …
Performance Of Preload On Cohesionless Soils, A. F. Youssef, O. Erol
Performance Of Preload On Cohesionless Soils, A. F. Youssef, O. Erol
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Common occurrence of loose normally consolidated fine sands and silts extending to considerable depths necessitates the utilization of ground improvement techniques along the coasts of Arabian Peninsula. In the case considered, the soil profile consisted of twenty meter thick compressible sands, and preloading technique was suggested to stabilize the foundation soil. The paper presents the performance of the preloading and the level of soil improvement achieved. The observed settlements and settlement-time behaviour are compared with the values estimated from various methods. The soil parameters back calculated from measured field behaviour are reported.
Slurry Trench Wall Replaces Structure Underpinning, E. J. Zeigler, J. L. Wirth, J. T. Miller
Slurry Trench Wall Replaces Structure Underpinning, E. J. Zeigler, J. L. Wirth, J. T. Miller
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Construction of the Charles Center Station of the Baltimore Metro required a cut-and-cover excavation 66 feet (20 m) deep in a major street in the central business district of Baltimore, Maryland. Several high-rise buildings were so close to the excavation that it was necessary to remove portions of the spread footing foundations which extended into the proposed station excavation. The contract documents required that the spread footings adjacent to the excavation be underpinned using steel pipe piles jacked to end bearing on bedrock. When it was apparent that difficulties in installation would result in substantial delays in project completion, the …
Soft Ground Tunnel Failures In Michigan, Jerome C. Neyer
Soft Ground Tunnel Failures In Michigan, Jerome C. Neyer
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Three failures of non-reinforced concrete tunnels in Michigan have been investigated. Descriptions of the failures have been presented, together with geotechnical data for the sites. A probable failure mechanism has been described, as well as design concepts which need to be considered on future projects. Finally, construction procedures to be specified as part of the design process have been evaluated.
The Behavior Of House On Seasonally Frozen Ground, Xu You Zai, Wang Zheng Qiu
The Behavior Of House On Seasonally Frozen Ground, Xu You Zai, Wang Zheng Qiu
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents a case history of instrumented house with shallow foundation on the seasonally frozen ground. Variations of the soil frost penetration, the soil temperature, the cracks of the house, the displacements and the contact pressure on the base were systematically observed during freezing and thawing periods. It has been confirmed that the main reason why the cracks of the houses with shallow foundations occurred is that the development of the frozen depth is not uniform and the frost heaving and the redistribution of the contact pressures are unequal. This paper puts forward the principle of the effective depth …
The Creation Of Additional Space For The Storage Of Dredged Materials - A Case History, Nicholas Chryssafopoulos
The Creation Of Additional Space For The Storage Of Dredged Materials - A Case History, Nicholas Chryssafopoulos
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Material dredged from the Delaware River is being stored on land in areas surrounded by man-made dikes. In the past, the height of these dikes had been increased in order to provide the needed additional storage space. However, existing land configuration and the high water table in the storage areas, together with the high water content and low strength of the stored dredged materials prohibit further increases of the dike height. A system of interconnected drainage trenches, excavated inside these areas and discharging into the river, was used to lower both the water table and the water content of the …
Time Dependent Limit Stability Of Tunnel And Dam Engineering In Difficult Rocks, Tan Tjong Kie
Time Dependent Limit Stability Of Tunnel And Dam Engineering In Difficult Rocks, Tan Tjong Kie
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Some representative case histories of the damage of tunnels and galleries in weak fissured swelling rock formations with low competency ratios are described; a rheological analysis and suggestions for the design are presented. The basic ideas underlying the design and construction of the Ghe Zou Ba dam, founded on horizontal layers of sand-and mudstones interbedded by thin clay sheets are reported. In all such cases the time factor is important.
Twenty-Year Performance Of Soil-Cement Dam Facings, T. J. Casias, A. K. Howard
Twenty-Year Performance Of Soil-Cement Dam Facings, T. J. Casias, A. K. Howard
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The soil-cement slope protection on three Bureau of Reclamation projects has been damaged enough to require repair. They were the first three Bureau embankments to utilize soil-cement in place of riprap and have been in service about 18 to 20 years. The soil-cement facings on other Bureau dams are in excellent condition. The lack of bond between the soil-cement lifts in combination with severe weather and wave action appear to be the main factors contributing to the damage. Laboratory tests and field test sections indicate that cement applied between the soil-cement lifts may be a practical solution to prevent damage …
Unplanned Construction Of A 210 Ft High Temple, Gopal Ranjan, Shamsher Prakash
Unplanned Construction Of A 210 Ft High Temple, Gopal Ranjan, Shamsher Prakash
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A 210′ high temple site was located on a hillock made up of filled up soil. Taking the advantage of site topography terraced construction consisting of the main temple in the centre and rooms on the three sides were planned. The construction progressed without any soil investigations. The paper highlights the problems faced at the stage when the construction had already progressed up to +50 ft. Soil investigations were carried out at this stage. Then, the performance of structures was predicted and possible modifications in the future construction are presented.
Uranium Mill Trailings Geotechnical Investigations - A Case History, V. Singh, J.P. Berry, D.F. Kapral
Uranium Mill Trailings Geotechnical Investigations - A Case History, V. Singh, J.P. Berry, D.F. Kapral
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Uranium mill tailings at Union Carbide Corporation's mining and mill complex at Uravan, Colorado, are deposited in two tailings piles along a steep hillside. The tailings are deposited in slurry form, allowed to decant, and the decant liquid removed for recycling in the milling operation. The impoundment dikes are raised using the coarser portion of the tailings in an upstream method of construction. At the time of the study, the height of the tailings piles was in excess of 100 feet. Continued use of these piles necessitated a detailed geotechnical stability evaluation and design of stabilizing measures in order to …
Conference Committees, Multiple Members
Conference Committees, Multiple Members
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
No abstract provided.
Bearing Capacity Of Piles Under Long-Term Vibration, Xu You Zai, Liu Yao Fu, Shi Yul Iang, Xin Su Lan
Bearing Capacity Of Piles Under Long-Term Vibration, Xu You Zai, Liu Yao Fu, Shi Yul Iang, Xin Su Lan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Bearing capacity of piles under long-term vibration is herein discussed. A real case of continuous subsidence of vibrating pile foundations is presented with a set of vibratory loading tests in-situ and the characteristics of settlement-time curves are described. Analyses of the observed data are made and the additional plastic deformation induced in the soil strata under the piles is interpreted. Based on the test data, authors recommend a conception of long-term bearing capacity of piles to be used in the design of pile foundation under vibration instead of the conventional one, and a method of determination of bearing capacity …
Design Considerations And Long-Term Performance Of A Building Foundation In Clay, G. E. Bauer
Design Considerations And Long-Term Performance Of A Building Foundation In Clay, G. E. Bauer
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Based on the results of a full-scale footing tests, spread footings were used instead of end-bearing piles to support a four storey building extension. Five proto-type footings were instrumented and the settlement behaviour was monitored over 13 years. Special construction procedures had to be employed to achieve compatible differential settlements between the individual footings and the adjacent existing building.
Excessive Settlement In Buildings, A. Verghese Chummar
Excessive Settlement In Buildings, A. Verghese Chummar
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper deals with three case studies where the foundations of buildings in the coastal areas of South India settled from 10 to 100 Cms resulting in excessive tilt or cracks in the superstructure. Details of soil exploration work carried out, description of the soil characteristics and the analysis of the causes of settlement are dealt with in this paper. The remedial measures suggested for the possible rectification of the damages are also presented.
Failure Of The Ghana Law School Building In Accra, Ghana, N. K. Kumapley, S. Ramachandra
Failure Of The Ghana Law School Building In Accra, Ghana, N. K. Kumapley, S. Ramachandra
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The immediate post-independence era in Ghana, namely the late 1950's to early 1960's, was characterised by extensive physical and infrastructural development, for most of which proper design and construction records were either not kept or were lost. This has often led to difficulties when remedial measures have to be designed for some of these structures which have failed after only a few years in service. The paper describes attempts to diagnose the cause(s) of failure and to design remedial measures for one such structure in the absence of original construction records.
Foundation Design And Construction For A Large Mill Complex, C. R. I. Clayton, J. Milititsky, L. J. L. Carvalho
Foundation Design And Construction For A Large Mill Complex, C. R. I. Clayton, J. Milititsky, L. J. L. Carvalho
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Very little good field data exists concerning the performance of heavily loaded end-bearing piles on thin layers of weak rock. The problems associated with the foundations for silos are often severe, since loads are normally heavy, and allowable differential settlements are often very small. The paper describes just such problems, associated with the construction of a flour mill complex, where the principal problems were associated with the uncertainties of pile performance. On the basis of the uniaxial unconfined compressive strength of the supporting rock the end-bearing piles supporting silos within the mill appeared to be overloaded. A programme of slow …
Foundation Performance Of Very Old Structures, S. C. Handa
Foundation Performance Of Very Old Structures, S. C. Handa
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Withstanding the agents of destruction for several centuries, some of the structures in this world, exist as a testimony to the sound and perfected techniques of construction used in years that belong to the bygone past. Among the most famous are Taj Mahal and Qutb Minar, still standing in a magnificent and sound condition. One of the wonders of the world, Taj Mahal though built in seventeenth century still looks so fresh that the super-structure performance also speaks of the adequate and perfect foundation that must have been built for it. This paper deals with subsoil conditions at site, the …
Negative Friction And Lateral Loading On Piles, E. E. De Beer, M. Wallays, E. Goelen
Negative Friction And Lateral Loading On Piles, E. E. De Beer, M. Wallays, E. Goelen
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An example is first given of a structure founded on piles and having suffered damages caused by negative friction and passive lateral loading on the supporting piles. It appears that the effects of negative friction are in general less disastrous than should be expected from a simplified theoretical approach. The described case shows that, at the contrary, the passive lateral loadings, when not accounted for, become rapidly detrimental. Both influences are time delayed, with the consequence that the critical situation does mostly not occur during construction, but a certain time after completion. The design of a second structure, in which …
Performance Of Large Diameter Oil Storage Tanks, I. K. Ozaydin, S. Y. K. Inan
Performance Of Large Diameter Oil Storage Tanks, I. K. Ozaydin, S. Y. K. Inan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The performance of very large diameter petroleum storage tanks erected at Ipras Refinery in Turkey are presented. The findings and predictions of the geotechnical investigation carried out before the construction are summarized together with the observed behavior during the water load tests. The results of a post-construction investigation performed to evaluate the observed behavior, and comparisons between the predicted, observed and back-calculated behaviors are presented and discrepancies encountered are discussed.
Philip Morris Corporate Headquarters Building, A. J. Ciancia, H. M. Horn
Philip Morris Corporate Headquarters Building, A. J. Ciancia, H. M. Horn
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The temporary support of three city streets, a subway tunnel, and a high-rise office tower during the construction of the Philip Morris Corporate Headquarters Building is discussed. The results of an extensive field exploration program, consisting of test borings, probes, and geologic mapping were evaluated for the design of temporary support systems; i.e., rock anchors and rakers. Borehole extensometers and conventional optical survey techniques were successfully used to monitor movements of the adjacent structures during demolition operations of a building that occupied the site. Minimal movements were measured during demolition. At the northeast corner of the site, six heavily loaded …
Recovering Differential Settlements By Vertical Drains, C. Mastrantuono, A. Tomiolo, E. Arcangeli
Recovering Differential Settlements By Vertical Drains, C. Mastrantuono, A. Tomiolo, E. Arcangeli
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The differential settlement recovering of a large six storeys building by means of overloading and vertical drains is described. The results are discussed in relation with the geotechnical characteristics of the soil and by numerical analyses of the settlement curves.
Settlement Experienced At A Recently Licensed Nuclear Station, J. T. Chen, L. W. Heller
Settlement Experienced At A Recently Licensed Nuclear Station, J. T. Chen, L. W. Heller
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The settlement experienced at a recently licensed nuclear station demonstrated the need for coordination among geologists, geotechnical engineers and structural engineers to ensure that essential geological knowledge and experience is applied to the design and construction of the structures. The nuclear station had been under construction for a number of years when unexpected settlements were noticed which caused significant concrete cracking of the nuclear service water intake structure. The “seismic Category I” intake structure has an internal dimension of 12 feet wide by 15 feet high, a length of 167 feet with the thickness of walls and roof varied from …
Settlement Observations On Two Mat Foundations, E. Winter, P. Chung
Settlement Observations On Two Mat Foundations, E. Winter, P. Chung
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The performance of two mat foundations is examined. The first case history includes a mat founded over generally granular terrace soils, underlain by a deep clay layer of medium compressibility. The second case history includes a mat over stiff preconsolidated clay. The mats are analyzed based on laboratory test and field pressuremeter data using the Winkler method. The particular approach taken in the analysis includes the determination of the modulus of subgrade reaction for the design using Vesic's method. Vesic (1968). This calculation was developed for pavements but is based on the theory of plates on elastic media which applies …
Settlement Of A Building Founded On Difficult Soil, Iqbal H. Khan, Fathi M. Layas
Settlement Of A Building Founded On Difficult Soil, Iqbal H. Khan, Fathi M. Layas
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Many coastal areas in Benghazi have been reclaimed from lagoons. Quite often such areas are covered by debris, rubbish and other artificial fills over many years. The proximity of these deposits to the Mediterranean Sea coupled with the seasonal moisture variations has resulted in the formation of the so-called Sabkha soils having a high proportion of chemical content. Settlement records of a four storey building founded on sabkha soil are prescuted for seven years. The building underwent large settlement resulting in a tilt from the vertical. It is found that, for Sabkha soils, the measured settlement is larger than that …
Settlement Of A One Floor Building On Soft Clay Beside A Heavy Building, Mohamed A. El-Sohby, Ossama Mazen
Settlement Of A One Floor Building On Soft Clay Beside A Heavy Building, Mohamed A. El-Sohby, Ossama Mazen
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A one floor building was founded on a deposit of normally consolidated soft clay. It was constructed to annex an existing three storey high building founded on piles. After construction, tilting and settlements of the Annexe were detected relative to the existing building. Recorded absolute and differential settlements, monitored over a period of five years, were considerably high. It is shown here that this could be caused by the combined effect of high compressibility, confinement of clay layers and variations in pressure distribution below foundations.
Settlement Performance Of A Mat Foundation On Unsaturated Loess, Alan J. Lutenegger, Bernard D. Remmes, Leo D. Handfelt
Settlement Performance Of A Mat Foundation On Unsaturated Loess, Alan J. Lutenegger, Bernard D. Remmes, Leo D. Handfelt
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Previously reported settlements of structures founded on loess soils in the United States have been limited to cases of rapid deformation: the result of wetting and structural collapse. While the possibility of subsidence is usually a consideration in design, when the potential for wetting does not exist, economics generally govern the use of a shallow foundation system; in which case an accurate prediction of settlement is required. Since most loess deposits occur as unsaturated sediments, the use of one-dimensional consolidation theory is not applicable to the problem of settlement prediction. In 1977, a circular mat foundation was constructed on typical …
Stability Problems In A Deep Excavation In Clay, Gunnar Aas
Stability Problems In A Deep Excavation In Clay, Gunnar Aas
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper describes the excavation procedure and some stability problems encountered in connection with a 10-m deep braced excavation in medium soft Oslo clay. Very large deformations in the first excavated sections made it clear that the factor of safety with respect to bottom heave failure was very close to unity, and hence, much lower than the value of 1.5 calculated from a conventional total stress analysis based on vane strength. Thus, the experiences from this excavation yield an excellent opportunity to test new and better methods of stability analysis which have been developed during the last 10 years. Furthermore, …
Repair Of A Reinforced Earth Wall, N. T. Long, J. Livet, M. Boutonnet, J. Marchal, G. Olivier, A. Nabonne, E. Plaut
Repair Of A Reinforced Earth Wall, N. T. Long, J. Livet, M. Boutonnet, J. Marchal, G. Olivier, A. Nabonne, E. Plaut
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The facing of a Reinforced Earth retaining wall, built at an altitude of 1200 m, was damaged during the winter 1981. The repair was achieved quickly and under traffic. The instrumentation carried out on the repairs and the tests run on the backfill material have revealed the action of the frost and its increase in the fortuitous presence of water.
Thrust Evolution On The Shoring Of Two Large Excavations In Geneva, A. Fontana
Thrust Evolution On The Shoring Of Two Large Excavations In Geneva, A. Fontana
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This study presents the results of thrust measures on the shoring of two large excavations, located in downtown Geneva, in fine saturated soils of low capacity and great thickness. Loads were measured by regular extensometer readings, completed in one excavation by three daily readings on VSL load cells. Although the obtained measurements seem puzzling at first sight, their analysis enable to draw some useful conclusions for the design of deep retaining structures.