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Constitutional Law - Due Process And Equal Protection - Right Of Counsel Dec 1932

Constitutional Law - Due Process And Equal Protection - Right Of Counsel

Michigan Law Review

The Scottsboro cases decided by the Supreme Court at the present term raise several interesting constitutional questions. The judgments were assailed on the ground that they were violative of the due process and equal protection clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment in three respects: (1) that the negroes were tried by juries from which members of their race were systematically excluded; (2) that they were not accorded a fair, impartial and deliberate trial; (3) that due process was denied because the right of counsel, with the usual incidents of consultation and adequate preparation for trial, was lacking. While the Supreme Court …


Constitutional Law - Due Process-Business "Affected With A Public Interest'' Jun 1932

Constitutional Law - Due Process-Business "Affected With A Public Interest''

Michigan Law Review

Ever since Munn v. Illinois there has been continuous dispute as to what regulation is deprivation of property without due process of law within the prohibition of the Fourteenth Amendment. In this first case Chief Justice Waite, discussing with approval prior statutes regulating the rates of chimney sweeps and of auctioneers, the price of bread, the charges of draymen and of hackneycabs, concluded that, if these might be regulated, surely so important a matter as the rates of the great grain elevators in Chicago might be subjected to regulation. The position taken was expressed by these sentences: "From this it …


Administrative Tribunals -Workmen's Compensation - Scope Of Federal Judicial Review Under Longshoremen's And Harbor Workers' Compensation Act Jun 1932

Administrative Tribunals -Workmen's Compensation - Scope Of Federal Judicial Review Under Longshoremen's And Harbor Workers' Compensation Act

Michigan Law Review

The recent decision of Crowell v. Benson by the United States Supreme Court throws interesting light on the constitutionality of delegating final fact-finding powers to administrative tribunals. The case arose under the Longshoremen's and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act which gives deputy commissioners full authority to hear and determine all questions in respect to claims for compensation for disability or death resulting from injuries occurring on the navigable waters of the United States/ The act further provides that if the compensation order is "not in accordance with law" it "may be suspended or set aside in whole or in part, through …


Taxation-Power To Determine Income Tax Rate Of Husband On Basis Of Combined Income Of Husband And Wife Mar 1932

Taxation-Power To Determine Income Tax Rate Of Husband On Basis Of Combined Income Of Husband And Wife

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff and his wife had separate incomes and estates. The Wisconsin income tax law provided that married persons living together might make separate returns, but that the tax rate should be that rate which would apply had their incomes been combined in a single return. Wis Stat., 1927, c. 71.05 (2) (d), c. 71.09(4) (c). Income tax rates, under the Wisconsin law, are graduated according to the size of the income. Married women are given equal property and contract rights with men under the Wisconsin statutes. The plaintiff, protesting against payment of a higher rate than that prescribed for …


Taxation - Jurisdiction To Tax Intangibles Of Nonresident Decedents - Corporate Stock Feb 1932

Taxation - Jurisdiction To Tax Intangibles Of Nonresident Decedents - Corporate Stock

Michigan Law Review

The decedent, a resident of Massachusetts, died in 1924 owning a large block of stock in a Maine corporation. After Massachusetts had already collected an inheritance tax assessed against these shares, the Maine tax authorities levied a similar tax, basing their claim on the fact of incorporation under Maine law. The state supreme court, 130 Me. 123, 154 Atl. 103 (1931), held that such shares were within the jurisdiction for taxing purposes even though their owner was a nonresident decedent. An appeal was taken to the United States Supreme Court. Held, the rule in Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. …


Public Utilities - Private Carrier Cannot Be Made A Common Carrier By Legislative Fiat Feb 1932

Public Utilities - Private Carrier Cannot Be Made A Common Carrier By Legislative Fiat

Michigan Law Review

The appellant, a private carrier for hire, was arrested for operation of motor vehicles upon the state highways without having obtained a certificate of public convenience and necessity from the state railroad commission and without having paid the mileage tax required by the state statute. This statute also gave the commission power to fix and approve rates and schedules, and otherwise regulate carriers. It further stated that, if any of its provisions were held to be unconstitutional, the validity of the remaining portions should be unaffected. Laws of Florida, 1929, c. 13700. In view of this latter provision, the state …