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Synthesis, Characterization And Reactivity Of Some Selected Organosulfur Oxo-Acids, Adenike Otoikhian

Dissertations and Theses

The two major metabolites after S-Oxygenation of dimethylthiourea (N, N'-dimethylaminoiminomethanesulfinic acid (DMAIMSA) and N, N'-dimethylamino iminomethanesulfonic acid (DMAIMSOA)) were synthesized. Structural analysis by X-ray crystallography shows that DMAIMSA and DMAIMSOA exist as zwitterionic species in their solid form, with a positive charge delocalized around an sp²-hybridized carbon center flanked by two nitrogen atoms.

Kinetics and mechanistic studies on the oxidation of DMAIMSA and DMAIMSOA by acidified iodate/iodine and bromate/bromine were studied. The results reveal that DMAIMSA, unlike DMAIMSOA, is highly reactive. DMAIMSOA is very inert and unreactive in low pH environments. The difference in reactivity is attributed to …

Designing More Effective Air Quality Advisories, Justin Olexy

Environmental Science and Management Professional Master's Project Reports

Background: There is increasing concern about the impact of air quality on human health in urban environments and how to best reduce impacts through public policies. An NSF Biocomplexity Project - "Feedbacks between Urban Systems and the Environment" (FUSE), led by Portland State University, studies the human feedbacks and responses to air quality and heat advisories through data collected in city-wide phone surveys in Portland, OR and Houston, TX. On days when ozone levels are predicted to exceed air quality standards, regulatory agencies issue air quality advisories which ask residents to reduce certain air polluting behaviors such as driving …

What's Regulation Got To Do With It? : Examining The Impact Of Regulatory Intensity On Facility Environmental Management And Performance, Cody Jones

Dissertations and Theses

Understanding the influence of regulation on environmental management is important—studies typically find regulation to be a significant influence on environmental activity. However, studies typically assess regulation together with a suite of other influences such as investors and customers, which are often also found to be significant influences on environmental management. This research, on the other hand, suggests that regulatory constraints form a framework within which organizations operate, and therefore are associated with organizations' views of other motivating factors, as well as environmental management and performance. Additionally, this study assesses the influence of management attitudes toward environmental protection and attitudes toward …

Peroxynitrite Chemistry: Formation, Decomposition And Possible Deactivation Mechanisms By Thiols, Olufunke Modupe Olagunju

Dissertations and Theses

Kinetics of formation and decomposition of peroxynitrite was studied in acidic and buffer solutions. Peroxynitrous acid was formed in acidic media by the reaction of H₂O₂ with HNO^₂ and NO +. Bimolecular rate constant for reaction of H²O² with HNO^₂ at 25°C was determined to be 3.7 × 10 3 M-¹ s-¹. Peroxynitrous acid formed is highly unstable with half life of approximately 1 second. Decomposition of peroxynitrite is highly pH-dependent. In acidic media, peroxynitrous acid decomposes to nitrate while at neutral to slightly basic media, products of decomposition …

Theoretical Investigations And Microarray Applications Of Dna Multiplex Hybridization Reactions, Michael Todd Horne

Dissertations and Theses

General equilibrium and kinetic models with numerical solutions describing DNA multiplex hybridization reactions are developed and presented. Theoretical investigations on example multiplex systems were carried out in order to test the sensitivity of the model system to a variety of experimental and model parameters. A spotted microarray platform was calibrated to yield quantitative results, and the theoretical model motivated the design of an effective kinetic assay to discriminate SNPs in a multiplex fashion. Effects of duplex length, %G+C and relative position of the SNP on duplex hybridization and SNP resolution were determined. The theoretical model of multiplex hybridization accurately predicted …