Digital Commons Network^™

Emisja Chlorowodoru Ze Spalania Węgla W Kotle Pyłowym, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Przemysław Szczygłowski, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

Emission of hydrogen chloride (HCl) from coal combustion is not controlled just like for example sulpfur dioxide emission. But HCl emission is also important, because chlorine content in some types of coal can reach the similar level to sulfur content. In the paper the measurement results of HCl emission to the air during combustion of three types of coal with law content of chlorine were presented. The researches were carried out for a steam pulverized coal boiler (max. boiler efficiency – 430 t/h) during three various loads (respectively 65, 80 and 95 % of maximum efficiency) without flue gas desulfurization. …

Investigation Of Disinfection Byproduct Precursors In The Wachusett Reservoir Watershed, Darleen P. Bryan

Environmental & Water Resources Engineering Masters Projects

The disinfection of drinking water with chlorine was implemented as early as 1908 in an effort to inactivate water borne pathogens. However, chlorine reacts with naturally occurring organic' matter in water to form a host of chlorination byproducts. The possible detrimental health effects from exposure to these byproducts lead to the development offederal regulations for disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water. Most recently, standards were reduced to 80 ug/L for trihalomethanes, and 60 ug/L for haloacetic acids. The drinking water supplied by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) has approached and sometimes exceeded the concern level at a few locations …

The Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Uranium Oxide Catalysts For Oxidative Destructions Of Volatile Organic Compounds And Clean Air Protection, Cyrus Khezr Riahi-Nezhad

Masters Theses

The overall goal of this research was to investigate a new class of mesoporous uranium oxide catalyst used to destroy a range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including aromatics and chlorinated organic compounds under conditions which are applicable for U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facilities and U.S. industries.

Uranium oxides are known to have high efficiency and long-term stability when used to destroy volatile organic compounds (VOCs) when compared with some of the commercial catalysts, such as precious metals, TiO₂, and Co₃O₄ catalysts. Two key factors limiting catalytic activities of uranium oxides prepared by conventional …

Metoda Oceny Trudności Oczyszczania I Toksyczności Spalin Powstających Podczas Spalania Odpadów, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents a methodology for evaluating the cleaning difficulty and toxicity of combustion gases from waste incineration based on the knowledge of gases composition. This type of evaluation may be applicable to selection or modernization of flue gas cleaning systems for waste incineration plants and to comparative analy-sis of a pollution degree of raw (unclean) combustion gases. In the evaluation of the cleaning difficulty of gases six categories of difficulty have been identified for removal of selected substances or groups of substances. The evaluation is made individually for substances or groups of substances on condition their concentrations in flue …

Emisja Btx Towarzysząca Produkcji Wyrobów Węglowych I Grafitowych, Marian Mazur, Przemysław Szczygłowski, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

The work presents results of direct measurements of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylenes (BTX or BTEX) emissions to the air from technological processes related with carbon and graphite manufacturing. The most important from all mentioned pollutants is benzene considered as one of the main factor of air pollution in the European Union. The highest concentrations of BTX were found in the fumes emitted from the tanks of liquid raw materials, while the highest levels of their emissions were from furnaces used for baking of green electrodes and other carbon products.

English title: BTX emission from production of graphite and …

An Overview Of Microbial Source Tracking, Kyung Han

Environmental & Water Resources Engineering Masters Projects

Maintaining and improving water quality for drinking, human recreation, and agriculture are imperative to protect public health. Watershed-based approaches for protecting source water have become an important tool in the management of water resources in the United States. Microbial source tracking (MST) methods that identifY the source of pollution have been suggested as one of the tools for source water protection and watershed management. MST methods are mainly categorized by scientific approach and include host-specific indicator methods, phenotypic methods, molecular-based methods, and chemical indicator methods. The objective of this research was to evaluate the state of MST tool development and …

Sustainable Water Supply In Ireland, Liam Mccarton, Sean O'Hogain

Reports

Sustainable water technology is concerned with the complete range of technologies, techniques, products and processes that will enable humankind to reduce the impact of water production and water consumption on the environment and to establish a more sustainable mode of development. The concept of sustainable development has gained wide usage over the past 15 years in an attempt to balance development needs and environmental protection. The Brundtland Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, Our Common Future (1987) identified sustainable development as a global objective, which involved economic, social and environmental values. It defined sustainable development as ‘ …

Modeling Contaminant Transport And Fate And Subsequent Impacts On Ecosystems, Ming Fan

Dissertations

Assessing risks associated with the release of metals into the environment and managing remedial activities requires simulation tools that depict speciation and risk with accurate mechanistic models and well-defined transport parameters. Such tools need to address the following processes: (1) aqueous speciation, (2) distribution mechanisms, (3) transport, and (4) ecological risk. The primary objective of this research is to develop a simulation tool that accounts for these processes. Speciation in the aqueous phase can be assessed with geochemical equilibrium models, such as MINEQL+. Furthermore, metal distribution can be addressed mechanistically. Studies with Pb sorption to amorphous aluminum (HAG), iron (HFO), …

Day 3: Friday, August 6, 2004: Air Quality And Energy Resources, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Energy Field Tour 2004 (August 4-6)

2 pages (includes illustration).

Day 3: Friday, August 6, 2004: Cbm And Unconventional Gas Development, Gary Bryner, Ken Wonstolen

Energy Field Tour 2004 (August 4-6)

19 pages (includes illustrations and maps).

Day 2: Thursday, August 5, 2004: Valmont Power Plant, Valmont Power Plant

Energy Field Tour 2004 (August 4-6)

5 pages (includes illustrations).

Day 1: Wednesday, August 4, 2004: Ponnequin Wind Farm, Western Resource Advocates

Energy Field Tour 2004 (August 4-6)

2 pages (includes illustration).

Day 1: Wednesday, August 4, 2004: Calpine Rocky Mountain Energy Center, Calpine Rocky Mountain Energy Center

Energy Field Tour 2004 (August 4-6)

5 pages (includes illustrations).

Agenda: Energy Field Tour 2004, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Energy Field Tour 2004 (August 4-6)

Tour (day trips along the Front Range, originating in Boulder) held August 4-6, 2004.

Summary: Assorted articles, maps, brochures, and other materials prepared for participants of the tour

Contents:

2004 energy field tour agenda -- Mission and vision of the Natural Resources Law Center -- Natural Resources Law Center, University of Colorado School of Law : a brief introduction -- Boulder area street map 4 -- Chatauqua area map -- [Bus] Route 203/225 : Boulder/Lafayette/Baseline -- Boulder-Lafayette via Baseline [bus schedules]

WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2004: OIL & GAS PRODUCTION FACILITIES AND PLATTEVILLE GAS PROCESSING FACILITY: 'Our next shortage', The Washington …

Air Toxic Emissions Distribution And Performance Analysis Of The Cmaq Air Toxic Model - A Case Study Of Houston Area, Texas, Ramesh Ramachandran Gopal

Masters Theses

Air quality models have been used in the past to predict the ambient air toxic concentration but CMAQ air toxics model, used in this thesis, is the first air quality model, which accounts the toxic chemical reactions in the ambient atmosphere. The main objective of this thesis was to analyze the distribution of air toxics emission in the Houston region, Texas using an emission processing tool and to determine the performance of the advanced air toxics model (CMAQ) used. Each year large amount of air toxics are emitted in the state of Texas, particularly in the Houston region. A study …

A Nebraska Odor Footprint Tool For Planning Pork Facilities, Richard Koelsch

Department of Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications

Pork producers and rural communities are struggling to balance air quality issues (primarily odors) with the presence and growth of the industry. Currently the type of pork facility, odor control measures, prevailing wind direction, atmospheric conditions, and a community's tolerance to some degree of odor are largely ignored in the planning process because scientific tools that incorporate this information are lacking. Without such tools, decisions on setback distances and acceptable type and size of facilities are influenced by a range of arguments, often emotional in nature. In addition, pork producers lack tools to assist in evaluating impact on a rural …

Wpływ Wybranych Parametrów Na Wielkość Emisji Zanieczyszczeń Powietrza Z Procesu Wysokotemperaturowego Spalania Odpadów Chloroorganicznych, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

In the paper preliminary analysis of the continuous measurements of the air pollutants emission and other

parameters of high-temperature process of chloroorganic waste incineration (liquid injection incinerator - Vicarb technology) are presented. In the analysis there was taken especially note of the parameters influencing the emissions, which could significantly vary in the incineration system (for example the amount of incinerated wastes) and pollutants like hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. Basing the results of the analysis, it was affirmed that chlorine plays an inhibiting role on the formation of nitrogen oxides in the chloroorganic waste incineration system. On the …

Emisja Rtęci Z Energetycznego Spalania Węgla, Marian Mazur, Przemysław Szczygłowski, Robert Oleniacz, Janusz Dańko

Robert Oleniacz

In the paper, some results of the measurement of mercury emission from OP-430 boiler working in the Combustion Plant “Kraków S.A.” are presented. The tests were carried out during combustion of various coals and changeable the boiler efficiency. Apart from investigation of mercury emission to the atmosphere (in gaseous and solid phase), total mercury concentration in coal, bottom ash and dust collected in electrostatic precipitators were analysed as well. Thus emission amount could be verified by means of the approximate mercury balance performed for the coal combustion process.

English title: Mercury emission from coal combustion.

Performance Of Self-Compacting Concrete, Mohamed Samir Rushdy

Archived Theses and Dissertations

Concrete compaction is one of the indispensable fundamentals of concrete manufacturing. However, thorough compaction cannot always be insured. This can be wholly or partially encountered in congested sections, out-of reach deep foundations and narrow or irregular precast components. On the other hand, typical vibrators were considered as contributor to health hazards to workers. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is an emerging concrete where the cohesive yet flowable consistency of the concrete itself secures adequate placement with high level of homogeneity and little or no segregation. Such concrete is primarily achieved by incorporating admixtures that is referred to as viscosity modifying (VM) admixtures …

A Recommendation For An Enhanced Fujita Scale (Ef-Scale)

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Background

National Weather Service (NWS) personnel who are responsible for rating tornadoes have expressed frustrations in applying the Fujita Scale in a consistent and accurate manner. Weak links in a structural system or a slow-moving storm sometimes lead to an overrating of a tornado event. Several technical articles suggest that wind speeds associated with some descriptions of damage are too high. For example, a 260 mph wind speed is not required to completely destroy a well constructed house and blow away the debris. The damage occurs at significantly lower wind speeds. Minor et al. (1977) and Phan and Simiu (2003) …

Zone Heating For Wean-To-Finish Facilities: A Performance Comparison, Rick R. Stowell

Department of Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications

Farm research trials were conducted in 2003 and 2004 to assess the effects of the type of zone heater and floor mat used in a wean-to-finish building on the thermal environment created for newly weaned pigs and resulting pig performance. Modulated LP gas-fired brooder heaters were compared to electric heat lamps, and floor mats made from farm-cut wood sheathing (3/8” oriented-strand board, OSB) were compared to commercial [unheated] rubber mats in a replicated 2x2 factorial experiment. No consistent differences in air temperature near the heating zone were found between either of the treatments, with treatment means within 1^oF …

Assessment Of Water Age And Quality In The Stamford, Connecticut Water Distribution System, George Kansas

Environmental & Water Resources Engineering Masters Projects

Disinfection by-product (DBP) concentrations in drinking water distribution systems are of concern due to potential health effects. Due to the US EPA Stage 2 DisinfectantlDisinfection By-Product (DIDBP) Rule, proposed in 2003, water utilities are investigating the effects of distribution systems on water quality. Under the Stage 2 DIDBP Rule, there will be a change from use of a system-wide running annual average (RAA) to the use of locational running annual averages (LRAA) for compliance with DBP maximum contaminant levels (MCLs). The Aquarion Water Company of Connecticut (A WC) funded research into improved understanding of water quality. In the Stamford, CT …

Bench-Scale Evaluations Of Nanofiltration And Gac For Natural Organic Matter Removal, Amy B. Lane

Environmental & Water Resources Engineering Masters Projects

The Trap Falls Water Treatment Plant (TFWTP) is a 25 million gallons per day (MGD) conventional drinking water treatment facility in Shelton, CT. Bench-scale experiments were performed to evaluate a potential advanced treatment upgrade of post-filtration water at the TFWTP, prior to chlorination and distribution. Two advanced treatment options were evaluated, granular activated carbon (GAC) and membrane filtration. The goal of advanced treatment was to remove natural organic matter (NOM), which would lead to a decrease in disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. DBPs are formed when NOM is oxidized by chlorine, which is used by TFWTP for primary disinfection and to …

Environmental Engineering Education Conference, August 3-6, 1996 At The University Of Maine, Orono, Chet A. Rock

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This is an award to support conduct of a conference to address issues of importance to the education of environmental engineers, a significant component of which involves conduct of research by university faculty with the assistance of students primarily at the graduate level. Session content addresses issues of importance in preparing graduates for environmental engineering practice. Sessions scheduled include consideration of the attributes expected of program graduates in terms the market for their services, educational approaches and curricula for meeting practitioner perceptions and needs, roles of practitioners in enhancing the content of curricula and the role of practitioners in influencing …

Improving Performance Of A Permeable Reactive Barrier In The Degradation Of Trichloroethylene Using Ultrasound, Jonathan A. Bulley

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The impact of ultrasound on improving the performance of a granular iron Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) in the degradation of Trichloroethylene (TCE) was evaluated.

Two treatment columns made of clear Plexiglas with a height of 1ft and a diameter of 2 inches and filled with granular iron were used. One was fitted with 25Khz ultrasound probes. A solution of TCE was run through at constant flow rate. Samples obtained from the column at different residence times before and after sonication were analyzed for concentrations of TCE and used to generate concentration profiles to obtain rate constants, which were compared.

An …

Characterization Of Microbial Processes That Degrade Chlorinated Solvents In A Constructed Wetland Using Organic Acid And Inorganic Anion Concentration Profiles, Chad B. Bondurant

Theses and Dissertations

Chlorinated solvents have been used in industrial cleaning and degreasing processes in the United States since the early 1900s, and their induction into the environment increased significantly with the growth of industrial processes over the past century. PCE, TCE and their daughter products have been associated with a number of human health concerns and are currently the most common contaminants found in groundwater in the United States. Wetlands possess characteristics necessary for the complete degradation of chlorinated ethenes by microorganisms via anaerobic and aerobic regions that foster the necessary oxidation-reduction conditions. Organic acid and inorganic anion concentrations were evaluated in …

Application Of Horizontal Flow Treatment Wells For In Situ Treatment Of Mtbe-Contaminated Groundwater, Preston F. Rufe

Theses and Dissertations

This study utilized a three-dimensional numerical model to evaluate the potential application of HFTWs to manage MTBE-contaminated groundwater. HFTWs consist of two dual-screened treatment wells. One well operates in an upflow mode, with MTBE-contaminated water extracted from an aquifer through a screen in the deep portion of an aquifer and injected into the aquifer through a shallow well screen, while the adjacent well operates in a downflow mode, extracting water from the shallow zone of the aquifer and injecting it into the deep zone. As the MTBE-contaminated water flows through the wells, an electron acceptor and/or another electron donor is …

Making The Business Case For Sustainable Design In The Department Of Defense, David M. Warnke

Theses and Dissertations

Buildings are one of the largest consumers of natural resources, a major source of ecological pollution, and occasionally toxic to human health. Sustainable design is the common term associated with buildings which, during their construction, use, and eventual disposal, seek to minimize their negative impact on the environment and human health. The U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system helps to assess a building's sustainability level. In the Federal Government's push to set the example for the rest of the nation, nearly every Federal Agency has chosen to adopt the LEED assessment tool. Each …

Modeling A Field Application Of In Situ Bioremediation Of Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater Using Horizontal Flow Treatment Wells (Hftws), Peter G. Chosa

Theses and Dissertations

Perchlorate contaminated groundwater is rapidly becoming a significant environmental remediation issue for the Department of Defense. In this study, an existing numerical model that simulates the operation of a Horizontal Flow Treatment Well (HFTW) system to effect the in situ biodegradation of perchlorate through the addition of an electron donor is modified to include a submodel that describes bioclogging. Bioclogging restricts flow out of the HFTW due to the accumulation of biomass directly adjacent to the well. The modified model is then applied to an existing perchlorate contaminated site that will be used for an evaluation of the HFTW technology. …

Recycled Concrete Properties And Feasibility, Mourad Nabil Shenouda

Archived Theses and Dissertations

As conventional good quality aggregates are becoming scarce in some zones in Egypt and many areas worldwide, and as environmental concerns are raised on dumping old and fresh concrete in landfills, recycled concrete has been receiving increased interest worldwide for its potential environmental, economic and technical merits. In fact, many countries have adopted such concrete in their codes and the majority of their old concrete is being recycled. An attempt is being made to trigger factors and means that enhance the economic feasibility of recycled concrete. The overall goal of this work is to pinpoint strength and deficiencies in this …