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- 02. My Life with Polymer Science (2)
- 19. How Pearls are made (2)
- 21. From the Congress in Vienna (Metternich) to the Pacific Polymer Federation (2)
- 22. Chirality and Handedness (2)
- 18. Degradadation, Aging and Stabilization (1)
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- 20. Solid State Chemical Reactions and Polymerizations (1)
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Articles 1 - 28 of 28
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Nanomanufacturing Of Biomaterials, Yoni Engel, Jessica D. Schiffman, Julie M. Goddard, Vincent M. Rotello
Nanomanufacturing Of Biomaterials, Yoni Engel, Jessica D. Schiffman, Julie M. Goddard, Vincent M. Rotello
Jessica D. Schiffman
In this review, we present a few of the many important objectives in the area of biomedical engineering that could open new pathways for nextgeneration biomaterials. We also provide examples of how materials for these goals can be created in an economically viable means through recent advances in high throughput production. These strategies highlight the potential for nanomanufacturing in a variety of areas of importance for human health and safety.
Genome-Based Modeling And Design Of Metabolic Interactions In Microbial Communities, Radhakrishnan Mahadevan, Michael A. Henson
Genome-Based Modeling And Design Of Metabolic Interactions In Microbial Communities, Radhakrishnan Mahadevan, Michael A. Henson
Michael A Henson
Biotechnology research is traditionally focused on individual microbial strains that are perceived to have the necessary metabolic functions, or the capability to have these functions introduced, to achieve a particular task. For many important applications, the development of such omnipotent microbes is an extremely challenging if not impossible task. By contrast, nature employs a radically different strategy based on synergistic combinations of different microbial species that collectively achieve the desired task. These natural communities have evolved to exploit the native metabolic capabilities of each species and are highly adaptive to changes in their environments. However, microbial communities have proven difficult …
Crystallization And Polymerization, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski, Eric G. Vogl
Crystallization And Polymerization, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski, Eric G. Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 12, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 12, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Cyber-Physical Integration To Connect Vehicles For Transformed Transportation Safety And Efficiency, Daiheng Ni, Hong Liu Liu, Wei Ding, Yuanchang Xie, Honggang Wang, Hossein Pishro-Nik, Qian Yu
Cyber-Physical Integration To Connect Vehicles For Transformed Transportation Safety And Efficiency, Daiheng Ni, Hong Liu Liu, Wei Ding, Yuanchang Xie, Honggang Wang, Hossein Pishro-Nik, Qian Yu
Daiheng Ni
In this paper, we explore a distributed cyber-physical solution using connected vehicle technology (CVtech) to substantially mitigate transportation systems' safety and efficiency problems. Future vehicles, by communicating with other vehicles (V-V), roadside infrastructures (V-R), and personal com-munication devices (V-P), will adapt to the external regional environment and consequently avoid collisions and congestion. We proposes to seamlessly int e-grate networked and embedded sensing, computational intelligence, and real - time communication (cyber) into transportation infrastructure including veh i- cles and roadsides (physical) to facilitate self - organization and system coordin a- tion. Specifically, this research addresses two specific t hemes: Foundations by …
Solid State Chemical Reactions And Polymerizations: The Initial Synthesis Of Dna?, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
Solid State Chemical Reactions And Polymerizations: The Initial Synthesis Of Dna?, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
Otto Vogl
A Proposal for Covering individual Macromolecules with Macromolecules including a Realistic Chiral Synthesis of Nucleic Acids.
Identification And Expression Analysis Of Methyl Jasmonate Responsive Ests In Paclitaxel Producing Taxus Cuspidata Suspension Culture Cells, Sangram K. Lenka, Nadia Boutaoui, Bibin Paulose, Kham Vongpaseuth, Jennifer Normanly, Susan C. Roberts, Elsbeth L. Walker
Identification And Expression Analysis Of Methyl Jasmonate Responsive Ests In Paclitaxel Producing Taxus Cuspidata Suspension Culture Cells, Sangram K. Lenka, Nadia Boutaoui, Bibin Paulose, Kham Vongpaseuth, Jennifer Normanly, Susan C. Roberts, Elsbeth L. Walker
Susan C Roberts
Background Taxol(R)(paclitaxel) promotes microtubule assembly and stabilization and therefore is a potent chemotherapeutic agent against wide range of cancers. Methyl jasmonate (MJ) elicited Taxus cell cultures provide a sustainable option to meet the growing market demand for paclitaxel. Despite its increasing pharmaceutical importance, the molecular genetics of paclitaxel biosynthesis is not fully elucidated. This study focuses on identification of MJ responsive transcripts in cultured Taxus cells using PCR-based suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) to identify genes involved in global pathway control. Results Six separate SSH cDNA libraries of paclitaxel-accumulating Taxus cuspidata P991 cell lines were constructed at three different post-elicitation time …
Halogen-Free Ultra-High Flame Retardant Polymers Through Enzyme Catalysis, Sethumadhavan Ravichandran, Subhalakshmi Nagarajan, Bon Choel Ku, Bryan Coughlin, Todd S. Emrick, Jayant Kumar, Ramaswamy Nagarajan
Halogen-Free Ultra-High Flame Retardant Polymers Through Enzyme Catalysis, Sethumadhavan Ravichandran, Subhalakshmi Nagarajan, Bon Choel Ku, Bryan Coughlin, Todd S. Emrick, Jayant Kumar, Ramaswamy Nagarajan
Todd S. Emrick
Over the past few years, the use of certain types of halogenated flame retardant additives such as decabromodiphenylether has come under intense scrutiny due to their toxicity, environmental persistence and bio-accumulation. There is an immediate need for the development of non-toxic alternative flame retardant materials and fire resistant polymers with comparable or better efficacies, obtained using benign synthetic approaches. Enzymatic polymerization is being used increasingly as an environmentally friendly alternative method for the synthesis of functional materials including polymers and additives. Here, we report a biocatalytic synthesis of a new class of thermally stable, ultra-fire resistant polyphenols based on deoxybenzoins. …
A Population Balance Equation Model Of Aggregation Dynamics In Taxus Suspension Cell Cultures, Martin E. Kolewe, Susan C. Roberts, Michael A. Henson
A Population Balance Equation Model Of Aggregation Dynamics In Taxus Suspension Cell Cultures, Martin E. Kolewe, Susan C. Roberts, Michael A. Henson
Michael A Henson
The nature of plant cells to grow as multicellular aggregates in suspension culture has profound effects on bioprocess performance. Recent advances in the measurement of plant cell aggregate size allow for routine process monitoring of this property. We have exploited this capability to develop a conceptual model to describe changes in the aggregate size distribution that are observed over the course of a Taxus cell suspension batch culture. We utilized the population balance equation framework to describe plant cell aggregates as a particulate system, accounting for the relevant phenomenological processes underlying aggregation, such as growth and breakage. We compared model …
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 11, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 11, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Of Wood And Alcohol Mixtures In A Fluidized Bed Reactor, George W. Huber, H. Zhang, T. R. Carlson, R. Xiao
Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Of Wood And Alcohol Mixtures In A Fluidized Bed Reactor, George W. Huber, H. Zhang, T. R. Carlson, R. Xiao
George W. Huber
Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of pine wood, alcohols (methanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol and 2-butanol) and their mixtures with ZSM-5 catalyst were conducted in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The effects of temperature and weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) on the product carbon yields and selectivities of CFP of pure pine wood and methanol were investigated. A maximum carbon yield of petrochemicals (aromatics + C2–C4 olefins + C5 compounds) from pine wood of 23.7% was obtained at a temperature of 600 °C and WHSV of 0.35 h−1. A maximum petrochemical yield from methanol of 80.7% was obtained at a temperature of 400 …
Production Of Renewable Aromatic Compounds By Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Of Lignocellulosic Biomass With Bifunctional Ga/Zsm-5 Catalysts, George W. Huber, Y. Cheng, J. Jae, J. Shi, W. Fan
Production Of Renewable Aromatic Compounds By Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Of Lignocellulosic Biomass With Bifunctional Ga/Zsm-5 Catalysts, George W. Huber, Y. Cheng, J. Jae, J. Shi, W. Fan
George W. Huber
Heiße Sache! Mit dem neuen difunktionellen Katalysator Ga/ZSM-5 entstehen aromatische Verbindungen bei der schnellen katalytischen Pyrolyse von Biomasse selektiver. Der ZSM-5-Katalysator mit Ga-Promotor wandelt Olefine wie Ethen und Propen, die als Intermediate entstehen, effizienter in Arene (insbesondere Benzol) um. Ga/ZSM-5 vermittelt auch Decarbonylierungen und die Aromatisierung von Olefinen.
Kinetics And Reaction Chemistryifor Slow Pyrolysis Of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Lignin And Organosolv Extracted Lignin Derived From Maplewood, George W. Huber, J. Cho, S. Chu, P. J. Dauenhaue
Kinetics And Reaction Chemistryifor Slow Pyrolysis Of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Lignin And Organosolv Extracted Lignin Derived From Maplewood, George W. Huber, J. Cho, S. Chu, P. J. Dauenhaue
George W. Huber
The kinetics and reaction chemistry for the pyrolysis of Maplewood lignin were investigated using both a pyroprobe reactor and a thermogravimetric analyser mass spectrometry (TGA-MS). Lignin residue after enzymatic hydrolysis and organosolv lignin derived from Maplewood were used to measure the kinetic behaviours of lignin pyrolysis and to analyse pyrolysis product distributions. The enzymatic lignin residue pyrolyzed at lower temperature than that of organosolv lignin. The differential thermogravimetric (DTG) peaks for pyrolysis of the enzymatic residue were more similar to the DTG peaks for pyrolysis of the original Maplewood than DTG of the organosolv lignin. The condensable liquid volatile products …
Kinetics And Reaction Chemistry For Slow Pyrolysis Of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Lignin And Organosolv Extracted Lignin Derived From Maplewood, Paul J. Dauenhauer, J. Cho, S. Chu, G. W. Huber
Kinetics And Reaction Chemistry For Slow Pyrolysis Of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Lignin And Organosolv Extracted Lignin Derived From Maplewood, Paul J. Dauenhauer, J. Cho, S. Chu, G. W. Huber
Paul J. Dauenhauer
The kinetics and reaction chemistry for the pyrolysis of Maplewood lignin were investigated using both a pyroprobe reactor and a thermogravimetric analyser mass spectrometry (TGA-MS). Lignin residue after enzymatic hydrolysis and organosolv lignin derived from Maplewood were used to measure the kinetic behaviours of lignin pyrolysis and to analyse pyrolysis product distributions. The enzymatic lignin residue pyrolyzed at lower temperature than that of organosolv lignin. The differential thermogravimetric (DTG) peaks for pyrolysis of the enzymatic residue were more similar to the DTG peaks for pyrolysis of the original Maplewood than DTG of the organosolv lignin. The condensable liquid volatile products …
Revealing Pyrolysis Chemistry For Biofuels Production: Conversion Of Cellulose To Furans And Small Oxygenates, Paul J. Dauenhauer, M S. Mettler, S. H. Mushrif, A. D. Paulsen, D. G. Vlachos, A. D. Javadekar
Revealing Pyrolysis Chemistry For Biofuels Production: Conversion Of Cellulose To Furans And Small Oxygenates, Paul J. Dauenhauer, M S. Mettler, S. H. Mushrif, A. D. Paulsen, D. G. Vlachos, A. D. Javadekar
Paul J. Dauenhauer
Biomass pyrolysis utilizes high temperatures to produce an economically renewable intermediate (pyrolysis oil) that can be integrated with the existing petroleum infrastructure to produce biofuels. The initial chemical reactions in pyrolysis convert solid biopolymers, such as cellulose (up to 60% of biomass), to a short-lived (less than 0.1 s) liquid phase, which subsequently reacts to produce volatile products. In this work, we develop a novel thin-film pyrolysis technique to overcome typical experimental limitations in biopolymer pyrolysis and identify α-cyclodextrin as an appropriate small-molecule surrogate of cellulose. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are performed with this surrogate to reveal the long-debated …
Chirality And Handedness, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
Chirality And Handedness, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Identification Of Synthetic Host Defense Peptide Mimics That Exert Dual Antimicrobial And Anti-Inflammatory Activities, Nicolás Navasa, Abhigyan Som, Avital Percher, Richard W. Scott, Gregory N. Tew, Juan Anguita
Identification Of Synthetic Host Defense Peptide Mimics That Exert Dual Antimicrobial And Anti-Inflammatory Activities, Nicolás Navasa, Abhigyan Som, Avital Percher, Richard W. Scott, Gregory N. Tew, Juan Anguita
Gregory N. Tew
A group of synthetic antimicrobial oligomers, inspired by naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides, were analyzed for the ability to modulate innate immune responses to Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands. These synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides (SMAMPs) specifically reduced cytokine production in response to Staphylococcus aureus and the S. aureus component lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a TLR2 agonist. Anti-inflammatory SMAMPs prevented the induction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-10 in response to S. aureus or LTA, but no other TLR2 ligands. We show that these SMAMPs bind specifically to LTA in vitro and prevent its interaction with TLR2. Importantly, the …
Anion Mediated Activation Of Guanidine Rich Small Molecules, Abhigyan Som, Yongjiang Xu, Richard W. Scott, Gregory N. Tew
Anion Mediated Activation Of Guanidine Rich Small Molecules, Abhigyan Som, Yongjiang Xu, Richard W. Scott, Gregory N. Tew
Gregory N. Tew
No abstract provided.
Mechanical Properties Of Temperature Sensitive Microgel/Polyacrylamide Composite Hydrogels—From Soft To Hard Fillers, Judith Meid, Fiete Dierkes, Jun Cui, Renate Messing, Alfred Crosby, Annette Schmidt, Walter Richtering
Mechanical Properties Of Temperature Sensitive Microgel/Polyacrylamide Composite Hydrogels—From Soft To Hard Fillers, Judith Meid, Fiete Dierkes, Jun Cui, Renate Messing, Alfred Crosby, Annette Schmidt, Walter Richtering
Alfred Crosby
In this study we investigated the mechanical properties of composite hydrogels based on a polyacrylamide (PAAm) matrix with embedded temperature sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAM) microgels. We analysed the mechanical properties of the composite material with tensile tests, shear and cavitation rheology. The results of the different experiments displayed an enhancement of mechanical stability with increasing concentration of incorporated microgels. The improved stability is related to an increase of physical cross-linking points due to the incorporation of the microgels. The incorporation of temperature responsive microgel particles introduces temperature sensitive mechanical behaviour of the composite hydrogels. The collapse of the microgels inside the …
How Pearls Are Made: A New Perspective, Otto Vogl
Degradadation, Aging And Stabilization, Otto Vogl
From The Congress In Vienna (Metternich) To The Pacific Polymer Federation, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
From The Congress In Vienna (Metternich) To The Pacific Polymer Federation, Otto Vogl, Frank T. Traceski
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Cavity Growth In A Triblock Copolymer Polymer Gel, Aline Delbos, Jun Cui, Sami Fakhouri, Alfred Crosby
Cavity Growth In A Triblock Copolymer Polymer Gel, Aline Delbos, Jun Cui, Sami Fakhouri, Alfred Crosby
Alfred Crosby
Cavitation rheology is a recently developed measurement method for studying the mechanical properties of polymer gels from sub-micron to millimeter length scales at arbitrary locations within the network material. Current knowledge has focused on understanding the relationship between materials properties, such as modulus or fracture strength, and the maximum pressure for initiating cavitation. After the maximum pressure is reached, the growth of the bubble and the associated pressure drop is sudden and uncontrolled. We develop methods to control the growth of the bubble and to understand the relationship between cavity growth, pressure drop, and the material properties of the surrounding …
Wrinkling And Strain Localizations In Polymer Thin Films, Alfred Crosby, Yuri Ebata, Andrew B. Croll
Wrinkling And Strain Localizations In Polymer Thin Films, Alfred Crosby, Yuri Ebata, Andrew B. Croll
Alfred Crosby
Wrinkles and strain localized features are observed in many natural systems and are useful surface patterns for a wide range of applications, including optical gratings and microfluidic devices. However, the transition from sinusoidal wrinkles to more complex strain localized features, such as delaminations or folds, is not well understood. In this paper, we investigate the onset of wrinkling and strain localizations in a model system of a glassy polymer film attached to a surface of an elastomeric substrate. We show that careful measurement of feature amplitude as a function of applied strain allows not only the determination of wrinkle, fold, …
Driver Dynamics And The Longitudinal Control Model (Paper # 12-0235), Gabriel Leiner, Chaoqun Jia, Daiheng Ni, John D. Leonard
Driver Dynamics And The Longitudinal Control Model (Paper # 12-0235), Gabriel Leiner, Chaoqun Jia, Daiheng Ni, John D. Leonard
Daiheng Ni
Driver psychology is one of the most difficult phenomena to model in the realm of traffic flow theory because mathematics often cannot ca pture the human factors involved with driving a car. Over the past several decades, many models have attempted to m odel driver aggressiveness with varied results. The recently proposed Longitudinal Contro l Model (LCM) makes such attempt, and this paper offers evidence of the LCM's usefulness in modeling road dynamics by analyzing decel eration rates that are commonly associated with various levels of aggression displayed by drivers. The paper is roughly divided into three sections, one outlining …
Driver Traffic Speed Variance Modeling With Application In Travel Time Variability Estimation (Paper # 12-2618), Haizhong Wang, Zhixia Li, David S. Hurwitz, Daiheng Ni
Driver Traffic Speed Variance Modeling With Application In Travel Time Variability Estimation (Paper # 12-2618), Haizhong Wang, Zhixia Li, David S. Hurwitz, Daiheng Ni
Daiheng Ni
Traffic speed variance is defined as a measure of the dispersion of space mean speeds among drivers. Empirical speed-density observations exhibit a structured traffic speed vari-ance which has been found to be associated to the road accident rate, the fatality rate, and travel time variability. The objective of this paper is to propose a generalized traffic speed variance function to describe this structured variance and identify its potential applications. In nature, the proposed speed variance function is a response of the speed-density curve with two additional parameters. A series of logistic speed-density curve with varying parameters is used in the …
Vehicle Longitudinal Control And Traffic Stream Modeling (Paper # 12-0156), Daiheng Ni, John D. Leonard, Gabriel Leiner, Chaoqun Jia
Vehicle Longitudinal Control And Traffic Stream Modeling (Paper # 12-0156), Daiheng Ni, John D. Leonard, Gabriel Leiner, Chaoqun Jia
Daiheng Ni
A simple yet efficient traffic flow model, in particular one that describes vehicle longitudinal operational control and further characterizes traffic flow fundamental diagram, is always of great interest to many. Though many models have been proposed in the past, each with their own advantages, research in this area is far from conclusive. This paper contributes a new model, i.e., the longitudinal control model (LCM), to the arsenal with a unique set of properties. The model is suited for a variety of transportation applications, among which a concrete example is provided herein.
Analysis Of The Induction And Wake Evolution Of An Offshore Floating Wind Turbine, Thomas Sebastian, Matthew Lackner
Analysis Of The Induction And Wake Evolution Of An Offshore Floating Wind Turbine, Thomas Sebastian, Matthew Lackner
Matthew Lackner
The degrees-of-freedom associated with offshore floating wind turbines (OFWTs) result in a more dynamic flow field. The resulting aerodynamic loads may be significantly influenced by these motions via perturbations in the evolving wake. This is of great interest in terms of OFWT design, placement and simulation. This study presents free vortex wake method (FVM) simulations of the NREL 5-MW wind turbine of a variety of platforms, operating in a range of wind speeds synthesized platform motion time series. Motion-induced wake perturbations are observed to affect induction. Transitions between windmill and propeller states are also observed.