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A Framework For Prognostics Reasoning, Thomas C. Clutz
A Framework For Prognostics Reasoning, Thomas C. Clutz
Theses and Dissertations
The use of system data to make predictions about the future system state commonly known as prognostics is a rapidly developing field. Prognostics seeks to build on current diagnostic equipment capabilities for its predictive capability. Many military systems including the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) are planning to include on-board prognostics systems to enhance system supportability and affordability. Current research efforts supporting these developments tend to focus on developing a prognostic tool for one specific system component. This dissertation research presents a comprehensive literature review of these developing research efforts. It also develops presents a mathematical model for the optimum allocation …
Use Of Dimples To Suppress Boundary Layer Separation On A Low Pressure Turbine Blade, Kurt P. Rouser
Use Of Dimples To Suppress Boundary Layer Separation On A Low Pressure Turbine Blade, Kurt P. Rouser
Theses and Dissertations
Flow separation on a low pressure turbine blade is explored at Reynolds numbers of 25k, 45k and 100k. Experimental data is collected in a low-speed, draw-down wind tunnel using a cascade of eight Pak-B blades. Flow is examined from measurements of blade surface pressures, boundary layer parameters, exit velocities, and total pressure losses across the blade. Two recessed dimple shapes are assessed for suppressing flow separation and associated losses. One dimple is spherical, and the second is asymmetric, formed from a full dimple spanwise half-filled. A single row of each dimple shape is tested at 50%, 55% and 65% axial …
Electromagnetic Scattering From A Gap In A Magneto-Dielectric Coating On An Infinite Ground Plane, George R. Simpson
Electromagnetic Scattering From A Gap In A Magneto-Dielectric Coating On An Infinite Ground Plane, George R. Simpson
Theses and Dissertations
The electromagnetic scattering from a gap in a magneto-dielectric coating on an infinite ground plane is analyzed. In this context, the gap forms a break only in the magneto-dielectric slab coating while the ground plane is continuous and unbroken. Volume equivalence is used to convert the gap region to one containing unknown volumetric equivalent electric and magnetic currents. The equivalent problem then is one of these currents radiating in the presence of an unbroken grounded magneto-dielectric slab. A Green's function for this geometry is developed consisting of two terms: a direct coupling term and correction term to account for the …
Mean Performance Optimization Of An Orbiting Distributed Aperture By Warped Aperture Image Plane Comparisons, Timothy W. Parker
Mean Performance Optimization Of An Orbiting Distributed Aperture By Warped Aperture Image Plane Comparisons, Timothy W. Parker
Theses and Dissertations
This work models the aggregate performance of satellite receiver formations functioning as orbiting interferometers as compared to filled apertures of similar geometries. These models facilitate selecting initial conditions for formations such that their control-free dynamics yield interferometry performance with minimal errors as compared to the filled apertures. The solution method draws on the dynamic models of an orbiting planar satellite formation to define the size and shape of a reference aperture and to define the degrees of freedom for the formation members. The paths of formation elements yield geometries for which the aggregate performance of the array of discrete receivers …
Congruent Weak Conformance, Ronald W. Brower
Congruent Weak Conformance, Ronald W. Brower
Theses and Dissertations
This research addresses the problem of verifying implementations against specifications through an innovative logic approach. Congruent weak conformance, a formal relationship between agents and specifications, has been developed and proven to be a congruent partial order. This property arises from a set of relations called weak conformations. The largest, called weak conformance, is analogous to Milner's observational equivalence. Weak conformance is not an equivalence, however, but rather an ordering relation among processes. Weak conformance allows behaviors in the implementation that are unreachable in the specification. Furthermore, it exploits output concurrencies and allows interleaving of extraneous output actions in the implementation. …
Automatic Target Recognition Classification System Evaluation Methodology, Christopher Brian Bassham
Automatic Target Recognition Classification System Evaluation Methodology, Christopher Brian Bassham
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation research makes contributions towards the evaluation of developing Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) technologies through the application of decision analysis (DA) techniques. ATR technology development decisions should rely not only on the measures of performance (MOPs) associated with a given ATR classification system (CS), but also on the expected measures of effectiveness (MOEs). The purpose of this research is to improve the decision-makers in the ATR Technology development. A decision analysis framework that allows decision-makers in the ATR community to synthesize the performance measures, costs, and characteristics of each ATR system with the preferences and values of both the …
Adaptive Harmonic Balance Method For Unsteady, Nonlinear, One-Dimensional Periodic Flows, Raymond C. Maple
Adaptive Harmonic Balance Method For Unsteady, Nonlinear, One-Dimensional Periodic Flows, Raymond C. Maple
Theses and Dissertations
A new adaptive split-domain harmonic balance computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is developed to solve highly nonlinear time-periodic flows such as those found in turbomachinery. The basic harmonic balance CFD method transforms an unsteady time-periodic problem into a steady-state problem by assuming a solution in the form of a Fourier series in time. The new method employs a unique multi-domain split-operator solution technique to remove a large-series stability restriction present in previous harmonic balance CFD approaches. In addition, the new method adapts the frequency content to the flow, starting with a small number of Fourier frequencies and augmenting the frequency …
An Evaluation Of Facility Maintenance And Repair Strategies Of Select Companies, Christopher L. Sharp
An Evaluation Of Facility Maintenance And Repair Strategies Of Select Companies, Christopher L. Sharp
Theses and Dissertations
Although initial construction costs are high, the cost of operation and maintenance over a facilities life-cycle is significantly higher. A common challenge for facility maintenance professionals is balancing the cost of facility Maintenance and Repair (M&R) with the benefits derived from those facilities. This thesis documents how a selection of companies implemented that balance by determining their facilities requirements based on their chosen facility condition level and how they then allocated funds. The research effort consisted of interviews with facility maintenance professionals at each company selected. The data was then used to perform a multiple case study analysis and comparison …
Analysis For Cooperative Behavior Effectiveness Of Autonomous Wide Area Search Munitions, Sang M. Park
Analysis For Cooperative Behavior Effectiveness Of Autonomous Wide Area Search Munitions, Sang M. Park
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to investigate how a simulation model can accurately represent the performance of the autonomous wide area search munitions, and to find the effectiveness of the cooperative behavior on the autonomous munitions. Though it does not provide a practical solution for the development of the autonomous wide area search munitions, this research will show some meaningful allocations of the munitions tasks that are applicable to the development of the autonomous munitions. For the first phase, this thesis presents how accurately a simplified simulation model can represent a proposed weapon system by comparing the simulation results …
A Combined Adaptive Tabu Search And Set Partitioning Approach For The Crew Scheduling Problem With An Air Tanker Crew Application, Todd E. Combs
A Combined Adaptive Tabu Search And Set Partitioning Approach For The Crew Scheduling Problem With An Air Tanker Crew Application, Todd E. Combs
Theses and Dissertations
This research develops the first metaheuristic approach to the complete air crew scheduling problem. It develops the first dynamic, integrated, set-partitioning based vocabulary scheme for metaheuristic search. Since no benchmark flight schedules exist for the tanker crew scheduling problem, this research defines and develops a Java™ based flight schedule generator. The robustness of the tabu search algorithms is judged by testing them using designed experiments. An integer program is developed to calculate lower bounds for the tanker crew scheduling problem objectives and to measure the overall quality of solutions produced by the developed algorithms.
Multicast Routing Algorithms And Failure Analyses For Low Earth Orbit Satellite Communication Networks, Jae Soong Lee
Multicast Routing Algorithms And Failure Analyses For Low Earth Orbit Satellite Communication Networks, Jae Soong Lee
Theses and Dissertations
In the rapidly changing environment of mobile communications, the importance of the mobile satellite (e,g,, low earth orbit satellites (LEOsats)) networks will increase due to their global visibility and connection. Multicasting is an effective communication method in terms of frequency spectrum usage for a LEO network. It is devised to provide lower network traffic (i,e,, one-to-many transmissions). This research examines the system performance of two dissimilar terrestrially-based multicasting protocols: the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) and the On Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP). These two protocols are simulated in large group membership density and in the presence of satellite …
Robustness Of Multiple Objective Decision Analysis Preference Functions, William K. Klimack
Robustness Of Multiple Objective Decision Analysis Preference Functions, William K. Klimack
Theses and Dissertations
This research investigated value and utility functions in multiobjective decision analysis to examine the relationship between them in a military decision making context. The impact of these differences was examined to improve implementation efficiency. The robustness of the decision model was examined with respect to the preference functions to reduce the time burden imposed on the decision maker. Data for decision making in a military context supports the distinction between value and utility functions. Relationships between value and utility functions and risk attitudes were found to be complex. Elicitation error was significantly smaller than the difference between value and utility …
Airborne Radar Interference Suppression Using Adaptive Three-Dimensional Techniques, Todd B. Hale
Airborne Radar Interference Suppression Using Adaptive Three-Dimensional Techniques, Todd B. Hale
Theses and Dissertations
This research advances adaptive interference suppression techniques for airborne radar, addressing the problem of target detection within severe interference environments characterized by high ground clutter levels, levels, noise jammer infiltration, and strong discrete interferers. Two-dimensional (2D) Space-Time Adaptive Processing (STAP) concepts are extended into three-dimensions (3D) by casting each major 2D STAP research area into a 3D framework. The work first develops an appropriate 3D data model with provisions for range ambiguous clutter returns. Adaptive 3D development begins with two factored approaches, 3D Factored Time-Space (3D-FTS) and Elevation-Joint Domain Localized (Elev-JDL). The 3D adaptive development continues with optimal techniques, i.e., …
Characterization Of Residual Stress In Microelectromechanical Systems (Mems) Devices Using Raman Spectroscopy, Lavern A. Starman
Characterization Of Residual Stress In Microelectromechanical Systems (Mems) Devices Using Raman Spectroscopy, Lavern A. Starman
Theses and Dissertations
Due to the small scale of MEMS devices, the inherent residual stresses during the deposition processes can affect the functionality and reliability of the fabricated devices. Residual stress often causes device failure due to curling, buckling, or fracture. Currently, few techniques are available to measure the residual stress in MEMS devices. In this dissertation, Raman spectroscopy is used to measure and monitor the residual and induced stresses in MUMPs polysilicon MEMS devices. Raman spectroscopy was selected since it is nondestructive, fast, and provides potential in situ stress monitoring. Raman spectroscopy scans on unreleased and released MEMS fixed-fixed beams, cantilevers, and …
Effects Of Shot-Peening On High Cycle Fretting Fatigue Behavior Of Ti-6al-4v, Halil I. Yuksel
Effects Of Shot-Peening On High Cycle Fretting Fatigue Behavior Of Ti-6al-4v, Halil I. Yuksel
Theses and Dissertations
Effects of Shot-peening on High Cycle Fretting Fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V were investigated. Experiments were performed with 6.35 mm thick specimens which provided S/N curves. After the tests, it was observed that the specimens failed near the trailing edge of contact. Scanning Electron Microscopy showed that cracks initiated on the contact surface for 6.35 mm, and at the depth of specimen ranging from 200 to 300 microns for 3.81 mm thick specimens. Initial crack orientation was around 37 and 42 degrees respectively for 6.35 and 3.81 mm thicknesses. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was conducted, and using FEA results, Smith-Watson-Topper, Findley, …
Fabrication Techniques For Iii-V Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems, Jeremy A. Raley
Fabrication Techniques For Iii-V Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems, Jeremy A. Raley
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis studies selective etching techniques for the development of AlxGa1-xAs micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS). New MEMS technology based on materials such as AlxGa1-xAs enables the development of micro-systems with embedded active micro-optical devices. Tunable micro-lasers and optical switching based on MOEMS technology will improve future wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. WDM vastly increases the speed of military communications and sensor data processing. From my designs, structures are prepared by molecular beam epitaxy. I design a mask set for studies of crystal plane selectivity. I perform a series of experiments on the selective …
Issues In Modeling Military Space, Peter F. Olsen
Issues In Modeling Military Space, Peter F. Olsen
Theses and Dissertations
Fighter Pilots students undertake an intense 120-day training program. New classes of students enter the training program at regular interval. Students endured rigorous academic, simulator, and aircraft training throughout the program. Squadron schedulers ensure the multiple classes and students are scheduled for the activities. Simulator and aircraft training are scheduled individual for each student. Academic training are taught to the class. Aircraft utilization must also be considered. Aircraft Sortie training are also constrained by daylight hours. Additionally, students are limited to a maximum of three training events in a given day. Squadron schedulers must balance these requirements to ensure students …
Design Study Of Triggered Isomer Heat Exchanger-Combustion Hybrid Jet Engine For High Altitude Flight, Christopher E. Hamilton
Design Study Of Triggered Isomer Heat Exchanger-Combustion Hybrid Jet Engine For High Altitude Flight, Christopher E. Hamilton
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigated the possibility of utilizing a Triggered Isomer Heat Exchanger (TIHE) within a conventional jet engine in order to increase the endurance of a High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) aircraft. Optimizations of the conventional and TIHE engines along with selection of a switchover flight condition, where the aircraft switches from combustion to TIHE operations, were made utilizing engine design and mission analysis software. Radiation shield weights were determined utilizing point source gamma ray shielding methods. The jet engine best suited for the hybrid use, where both combustion and TIHE components located in a …
Evaluation And Analysis Of Array Antennas For Passive Coherent Location (Pcl) Systems, Baris Calikoglu
Evaluation And Analysis Of Array Antennas For Passive Coherent Location (Pcl) Systems, Baris Calikoglu
Theses and Dissertations
Passive Coherent Location (PCL) systems use a special form of a radar receiver that exploits the ambient radiation in the environment to detect and track targets. Typical transmissions of opportunity that might be exploited include television and FM radiobroadcasts. PCL implies the use of a non-radar electromagnetic sources of illumination, such as commercial radio or television broadcasts also referred as transmitters of opportunity. The use of such illumination sources means that the receiver needs to process waveforms that are not designed for radar purposes. As a consequence, the receivers for PCL systems must be much more customized than traditional receivers, …
Analysis Of Ultra Wide Band (Uwb) Technology For An Indoor Geolocation And Physiological Monitoring System, Cengiz Alabacak
Analysis Of Ultra Wide Band (Uwb) Technology For An Indoor Geolocation And Physiological Monitoring System, Cengiz Alabacak
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this research is to analyze the utility of UWB for indoor geolocation and to evaluate a prototype system, which will send information detailing a person’s position and physiological status to a command center. In a real world environment, geolocation and physiological status information needs to be sent to a command and control center that may be located several miles away from the operational environment. This research analyzes and characterizes the UWB signal in the various operational environments associated with indoor geolocation. Additionally, "typical usage scenarios" for the interaction between UWB and other devices are also tested and …
A Multiobjective Approach Applied To The Protein Structure Prediction Problem, Richard O. Day
A Multiobjective Approach Applied To The Protein Structure Prediction Problem, Richard O. Day
Theses and Dissertations
Interest in discovering a methodology for solving the Protein Structure Prediction problem extends into many fields of study including biochemistry, medicine, biology, and numerous engineering and science disciplines. Experimental approaches, such as, x-ray crystallographic studies or solution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, to mathematical modeling, such as minimum energy models are used to solve this problem. Recently, Evolutionary Algorithm studies at the Air Force Institute of Technology include the following: Simple Genetic Algorithm (GA), messy GA, fast messy GA, and Linkage Learning GA, as approaches for potential protein energy minimization. Prepackaged software like GENOCOP, GENESIS, and mGA are in use to …
Compare And Complexity - When Is Compare Not Enough?, Chris E. Greiman
Compare And Complexity - When Is Compare Not Enough?, Chris E. Greiman
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this case study research is to determine the utility of COMPARE, the DoD approved software for conducting A-76 competitions, in the more complex world of public-private competition. COMPARE serves as the baseline for establishing cost factors, while two Air Force Depots are used as a basis of comparison. Research questions answered are: 1. What are the baseline cost comparison factors established in COMPARE? 2. What are the common cost factors found in the Air Force Depot public-private competitions? 3. What are the similarities and differences between the cost factors established in COMPARE and those used in the …
The Predictive Validity Of The Afit Graduate Engineering And Environmental (Geem) Admission Requirements, Charles C. Zitzmann
The Predictive Validity Of The Afit Graduate Engineering And Environmental (Geem) Admission Requirements, Charles C. Zitzmann
Theses and Dissertations
Recognizing that a strong commitment to advanced technical and management education (Van Scotter, 1993, p. 1) serves to maintain the capability and strength of the United States Air Force (USAF), the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) Graduate School of Engineering and Management (GSEM) offers a full-time, eighteen-month, Graduate Engineering and Environmental Management (GEEM) program to military officers and Department of Defense (DoD) civilian employees. The AFIT uses the applicant's undergraduate grade-point average (UGPA), Graduate Record Examination (GRE) General Test verbal and quantitative scores, and undergraduate mathematics course grade-point average (UMGPA) to select applicants for admission. This study analyzed how …
Performance Evaluation Of Hyperbolic Position Location Technique In Cellular Wireless Networks, Hakan Senturk
Performance Evaluation Of Hyperbolic Position Location Technique In Cellular Wireless Networks, Hakan Senturk
Theses and Dissertations
This study addresses the wireless geolocation problem that has been an attractive subject for the last few years after Federal Communications Commission (FCC) mandate for wireless service providers to locate emergency 911 users with a high degree of accuracy -within a radius of 125 meters, 67 percent of the time by October 2001. There are a number of different geolocation technologies that have been proposed. These include, Assisted GPS (A-GPS), network-based technologies such as Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Angle of Arrival (AOA), and Cell of Origin (COO). This research focuses on network based techniques, …
Use Of Critical Chain Scheduling To Increase Aircraft Availability, Daniel D. Mattioda
Use Of Critical Chain Scheduling To Increase Aircraft Availability, Daniel D. Mattioda
Theses and Dissertations
This study addresses the operation and support cost differences between the TUAF C-130E & C-130B, and the USAF C-130J aircraft. The TUAF C-130s have been being used for more than 30 years and changing world situations give armed forces different roles, and Turkey participates in all peacekeeping missions that are assigned by NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and the United Nations. While performing these roles, the importance of air mobility and the importance of reliability became widely appreciated. Moreover, the coming retiring age of the existing C-130s in the TUAF forced the TUAF to look for ways to improve its …
An Examination Of Latency And Degradation Issues In Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle Environments, Shane A. Dougherty
An Examination Of Latency And Degradation Issues In Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle Environments, Shane A. Dougherty
Theses and Dissertations
Since the multidimensional knapsack problems are NP-hard problems, the exact solutions of knapsack problems often need excessive computing time and storage space. Thus, heuristic approaches are more practical for multidimensional knapsack problems as problems get large. This thesis presents the results of an empirical study of the performance of heuristic solution procedures based on the coefficients correlation structures and constraint slackness settings. In this thesis, the three representative greedy heuristics, Toyoda, Senju and Toyoda, and Loulou and Michaelides methods, are studied. The purpose of this thesis is to explore which heuristic of the three representative greedy heuristics perform best under …
Identifying Enlisted Stay And Leave Population Characteristics With Discriminant Analysis, Zabrina Y. Hoggard
Identifying Enlisted Stay And Leave Population Characteristics With Discriminant Analysis, Zabrina Y. Hoggard
Theses and Dissertations
The research contribution of this thesis is the first known integrated architecture and feature selection algorithm for Radial Basis Neural Networks (RBNNs). The objective is to apply the network iteratively to determine the final architecture and feature set used to evaluate a problem. Additionally, this thesis compares three different classification techniques, Discriminant Analysis (DA), Feed-Forward Neural Networks (FFN) and RBNNs against several hard to solve problems. These problems were used to evaluate general classifier performance as well as the performance of the feature selection techniques. This thesis describes the classification techniques as well as the measures used to evaluate them. …
Analysis Of Air Force Contingency Contracting Training Needs, Peter S. Lasch
Analysis Of Air Force Contingency Contracting Training Needs, Peter S. Lasch
Theses and Dissertations
This research examines the Air Force training needs of contingency contracting officers (CCOs). The study utilized the deductive approach to research. A survey instrument captured the data for the study. The survey captured input from CCOs with deployment experience and each of the Air Force components and MAJCOMs. Series 1 of the survey polls CCOs with deployment experience to determine the training CCOs require based on their personal experiences. Series 2 surveys the component and MAJCOM level supervisors to determine their perception of the training that should be required for CCOs. Comparing the two series will identify any differences in …
The Analysis Of Sophisticated Direction Of Arrival Estimation Methods In Passive Coherent Locators, Ahmet Ozcetin
The Analysis Of Sophisticated Direction Of Arrival Estimation Methods In Passive Coherent Locators, Ahmet Ozcetin
Theses and Dissertations
In passive coherent locators (PCL) systems, noise and the precision of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation are key issues. This thesis addresses the implementation of sophisticated DOA estimation methods, in particular the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm, the conventional beam forming (CBF) algorithm, and the algebraic constant modulus algorithm (ACMA). The goal is to compare the ACMA to the MUSIC, and CBF algorithms for application to PCL. The results and analysis presented here support the use of constant modulus information, where available, as an important addition to DOA estimation. The ACMA offers many simple solutions to noise and separation related …
Modeling The Pre-Positioning Of Air Force Precision Guided Munitions, Daniel P. Johnstone
Modeling The Pre-Positioning Of Air Force Precision Guided Munitions, Daniel P. Johnstone
Theses and Dissertations
There exist factors that play a major role in an enlisted Airman's decision to either stay on active duty in the Air Force or separate. The current force structure of the U.S. Air Force and increased loss of enlisted personnel is a major concern as we look at maintaining manpower to meet the needs of the Air Force. The Air Force is reacting to this low retention problem by increasing the bonuses for initial enlistments and reenlistments, home basing, increasing quality of life for Air Force personnel with enlisted dormitory plus-ups, and under AEF personnel have increased predictability of deployment. …