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Articles 1 - 30 of 34
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Influence Of Formulated Chemical Cleaning Reagents On The Surface Properties And Separation Efficiency Of Nanofiltration Membranes, Alexander Simon, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem
Influence Of Formulated Chemical Cleaning Reagents On The Surface Properties And Separation Efficiency Of Nanofiltration Membranes, Alexander Simon, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
This study investigated the impact of two caustic and one acidic cleaning formulations (namely MC11, PC98, and MC3, respectively) on the properties and separation efficiency of three different nanofiltration (NF) membranes (namely NF270, NF90 and TFC-SR100). Overall, the impact of chemical cleaning on surface properties and rejection was membrane and cleaning reagent specific. It was driven mostly by conformational changes of the membrane polymeric active skin layer in response to an extreme caustic or acidic environment and to a certain extent by the adsorption of cleaning additives (e.g., surfactants and chelating reagents). The influence of chemical cleaning on the membrane …
Analysis Of N-Nitrosamines In Water By Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Electron Ionisation Tandem Mass Spectrometry, James A. Mcdonald, Nick B. Harden, Long Nghiem, Stuart J. Khan
Analysis Of N-Nitrosamines In Water By Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Electron Ionisation Tandem Mass Spectrometry, James A. Mcdonald, Nick B. Harden, Long Nghiem, Stuart J. Khan
Long D Nghiem
A method has been developed for the determination of eight N-nitrosamines in drinking water and treated municipal effluent. The method uses solid phase extraction (SPE), gas chromatography (GC) and analysis by tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) with electron ionization (EI). The target compounds are N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosomethyethylamine (NMEA), N-nitrosodiethylamine NDEA), N-nitrosodipropylamine (NDPA), N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBuA), N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPyr), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPip), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMorph). The use of direct isotope analogues for isotope dilution analysis of all analytes ensures accurate quantification, accounting for analytical variabilities that may occur during sample processing, extraction and instrumental analysis. Method detection levels (MDLs) were determined to describe analyte …
Effects Of Membrane Fouling And Scaling On Boron Rejection By Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Membranes, Kha Tu, Allan Chivas, Long Nghiem
Effects Of Membrane Fouling And Scaling On Boron Rejection By Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Membranes, Kha Tu, Allan Chivas, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
The effects of membrane fouling on the performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes with respect to boron rejection and permeate flux were investigated in this study. A nanofiltration (NF270) membrane and a reverse osmosis (BW30) membrane were used in this investigation. Four typical membrane fouling conditions were simulated under controlled laboratory conditions in a cross-flow membrane system using four model foulants including humic acid, sodium alginate, colloidal silica and CaSO4. Amongst these model foulants, humic acid was found to increase boron rejection whereas the other foulants led to a decrease in boron rejection. Properties of foulants were found to …
Solar-Powered Compaction Garbage Bins In Public Areas: A Preliminary Economic And Environmental Evaluation, Poppy Coleman, Long Nghiem
Solar-Powered Compaction Garbage Bins In Public Areas: A Preliminary Economic And Environmental Evaluation, Poppy Coleman, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
An excel-based model was developed to evaluate economic and environmental benefits of the solar-powered compaction garbage bins in public areas in Australia. Input data were collected from Brisbane and Wollongong City councils, and Sydney Olympic Park. The results demonstrate that solar-powered compaction garbage bins would provide environmental benefits in all scenarios. However, results of the economic analysis of the three studied areas varied significantly. The unique situation of Sydney Olympic Park made implementation in that facility particularly appealing. A lower monthly rental cost is needed for the implementation of this novel waste management practice.
Removal Of Micropollutants By Membrane Bioreactor Under Temperature Variation, Faisal I. Hai, Karin Tessmer, Luong N. Nguyen, Jinguo Kang, William E. Price, Long Nghiem
Removal Of Micropollutants By Membrane Bioreactor Under Temperature Variation, Faisal I. Hai, Karin Tessmer, Luong N. Nguyen, Jinguo Kang, William E. Price, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
The effects of controlled temperature variation in the range of 10–45 °C were assessed in a lab-scale MBR that treated synthetic municipal wastewater spiked with selected micropollutants. The effects were evaluated with respect to total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) removal, micropollutant removal, sludge growth, level of soluble microbial products (SMPs) in the mixed liquor and membrane fouling. Overall, the temperature shifts caused high variation in the TOC and TN levels in the reactor supernatant, however that in membrane-permeate was relatively more stable, substantiating the robustness of the MBR process. Results regarding the removal of micropollutants at ambient …
Evaluating Waste Concrete For The Treatment Of Acid Sulphate Soil Groundwater From Coastal Floodplains, Gyanendra Regmi, Buddhima Indraratna, Long Nghiem, Laura Banasiak
Evaluating Waste Concrete For The Treatment Of Acid Sulphate Soil Groundwater From Coastal Floodplains, Gyanendra Regmi, Buddhima Indraratna, Long Nghiem, Laura Banasiak
Long D Nghiem
The treatment of acidic groundwater generated from acid sulphate soil (ASS) terrain is a challenging environmental issue in coastal floodplains of Australia. In this study, a laboratory column experiment was conducted to assess the performance of waste concrete for treating the acidic groundwater leachate from ASS terrain of the Shoalhaven region of NSW. The groundwater was highly acidic (pH of 2.5–3.5) and contained elevated concentrations of iron (10–90 mg/L) and aluminium (30–45 mg/L). Passage of the acidic groundwater through the column filled with waste concrete resulted in a significant improvement in water quality. Reduction in the concentration of iron and …
Long-Term Performance Of A Permeable Reactive Barrier In Acid Sulphate Soil Terrain, Gyanendra Regmi, Buddhima Indraratna, Long Nghiem
Long-Term Performance Of A Permeable Reactive Barrier In Acid Sulphate Soil Terrain, Gyanendra Regmi, Buddhima Indraratna, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
Deep drainage technique utilised for flood mitigation in low-land coastal areas of Australia during the late 1960s has resulted in the generation of sulphuric acid in soil by the oxidation of pyritic materials. Further degradation of the subsurface environment with widespread contamination of the underlying soil and groundwater presents a major and challenging environmental issue in acid sulphate soil (ASS) terrains. Although several ASS remediation techniques recently implemented in the floodplain of Southeast Australia including operation of gates, tidal buffering and lime injections could significantly control the pyrite oxidation, they could not improve the long-term water quality. More recently, permeable …
Geo-Environmental Approaches For The Remediation Of Acid Sulphate Soil In Low-Lying Floodplains, Buddhima Indraratna, Gyanendra Regmi, Long Nghiem, Alexandra N. Golab
Geo-Environmental Approaches For The Remediation Of Acid Sulphate Soil In Low-Lying Floodplains, Buddhima Indraratna, Gyanendra Regmi, Long Nghiem, Alexandra N. Golab
Long D Nghiem
Acidity generated from the oxidation of pyrite and other sulphidic compounds that exist at shallow depths in acid sulphate soils (ASS) presents a challenging environmental problem in coastal Australia. The generated acidic groundwater can adversely impact coastal ecosystems, aquaculture and agriculture. Groundwater manipulation using weirs and modified floodgates in creeks and flood mitigation drains in ASS-affected farmland, which has been practiced for over a decade for preventing pyrite oxidation, is not effective in low-lying floodplains due to the high risk of flooding. In this paper, the authors present an overview of their experience in coastal Australia, a critical evaluation of …
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By A Membrane Bioreactor-Granular Activated Carbon (Mbr -Gac) System, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, William E. Price, Long Nghiem
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By A Membrane Bioreactor-Granular Activated Carbon (Mbr -Gac) System, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, Jinguo Kang, William E. Price, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
The removal of trace organics by a membrane bioreactor–granular activated carbon (MBR–GAC) integrated system were investigated. The results confirmed that MBR treatment can be effective for the removal of hydrophobic (logD > 3.2) and readily biodegradable trace organics. The data also highlighted the limitation of MBR in removing hydrophilic and persistent compounds (e.g. carbamazepine, diclofenac, and fenoprop) and that GAC could complement MBR very well as a post-treatment process. The MBR– GAC system showed high removal of all selected trace organics including those that are hydrophilic and persistent to biological degradation at up to 406 bed volumes (BV). However, over an …
Effects Of Membrane Fouling On N-Nitrosamine Rejection By Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Membranes, Takahiro Fujioka, Stuart J. Khan, James A. Mcdonald, Rita K. Henderson, Yvan Poussade, Jorg E. Drewes, Long Nghiem
Effects Of Membrane Fouling On N-Nitrosamine Rejection By Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Membranes, Takahiro Fujioka, Stuart J. Khan, James A. Mcdonald, Rita K. Henderson, Yvan Poussade, Jorg E. Drewes, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
The impact of fouling on N-nitrosamine rejection by nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes was investigated in this study. Membrane fouling was simulated using tertiary treated effluent and several model fouling solutions (that contained sodium alginate, bovine serum albumin, humic acid or colloidal silica) to elucidate the changes in rejection behaviour of N-nitrosamines. In general, the rejection of N-nitrosamines increased when the membranes were fouled by tertiary effluent. The rejection of small molecular weight N-nitrosamines was most affected by membrane fouling. In particular, the rejection of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) by the ESPA2 membrane increased from 34 to 73% after membrane …
Extraction And Transport Of Metal Ions And Small Organic Com#163s Using Polymer Inclusion Membranes (Pims), Long Nghiem, Patrick Mornane, Ian Potter, Jilska Perera, Robert Cattral, Spas Kolev
Extraction And Transport Of Metal Ions And Small Organic Com#163s Using Polymer Inclusion Membranes (Pims), Long Nghiem, Patrick Mornane, Ian Potter, Jilska Perera, Robert Cattral, Spas Kolev
Long D Nghiem
The stability of polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) relative to other liquid membranes is amongst the major reasons for the recent rejuvenation of interest in carrier-mediated transport for selective separation and recovery of metal ions as well as numerous organic solutes. This is reflected by an increasing number of PIM investigations reported in the literature over the last two decades. Given the outstanding performance of PIMs compared to other types of liquid membranes particularly in terms of membrane lifetime, it has been predicted that practical industrial applications of PIMs will be realized in the near future. This review provides a comprehensive …
Comparison Of The Removal Of Hydrophobic Trace Organic Contaminants By Forward Osmosis And Reverse Osmosis, Ming Xie, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Menachem Elimelech
Comparison Of The Removal Of Hydrophobic Trace Organic Contaminants By Forward Osmosis And Reverse Osmosis, Ming Xie, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price, Menachem Elimelech
Long D Nghiem
We compared the rejection behaviours of three hydrophobic trace organic contaminants, bisphenol A, triclosan and diclofenac, in forward osmosis (FO) and reverse osmosis (RO). Using erythritol, xylose and glucose as inert reference organic solutes and the membrane pore transport model, the mean effective pore size of a commercial cellulose-based FO membrane was estimated to be 0.74 nm. When NaCl was used as the draw solute, at the same water permeate flux of 5.4 L/m2 h (or 1.5 mm/s), the adsorption of all three compounds to the membrane in the FO mode was consistently lower than that in the RO mode. …
Simultaneous Activated Carbon Adsorption Within A Membrane Bioreactor For An Enhanced Micropollutant Removal, Xueqing Li, Faisal I. Hai, Long Nghiem
Simultaneous Activated Carbon Adsorption Within A Membrane Bioreactor For An Enhanced Micropollutant Removal, Xueqing Li, Faisal I. Hai, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
Significant adsorption of sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine to powdered activated carbon (PAC) was confirmed by a series of adsorption tests. In contrast, adsorption of these micropollutants to the sludge was negligible. The removal of these compounds in membrane bioreactor (MBR) was dependent on their hydrophobicity and loading as well as the PAC dosage. Sulfamethoxazole exhibited better removal rate during operation under no or low (0.1 g/L) PAC dosage. When the PAC concentration in MBR was raised to 1.0 g/L, a sustainable and significantly improved performance in the removal of both compounds was observed – the removal efficiencies of sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine …
Pesticide Removal By A Mixed Culture Of Bacteria And White-Rot Fungi, Faisal I. Hai, Oska Modin, Kazuo Yamamoto, Kensuke Fukushi, Fumiyuki Nakajiam, Long Nghiem
Pesticide Removal By A Mixed Culture Of Bacteria And White-Rot Fungi, Faisal I. Hai, Oska Modin, Kazuo Yamamoto, Kensuke Fukushi, Fumiyuki Nakajiam, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
Combining activated sludge cultures with microbes harboring specific degradation pathways could constitute a relevant process for the removal of toxic and recalcitrant organic substances from wastewater. Enhanced removal of three widely used recalcitrant pesticides from their liquid mixture was demonstrated by implementing a non-acclimated mixed culture of bacteria and white-rot fungus. During an incubation period of 14 days, the mixed fungus–bacteria culture achieved 47, 98, and 62% removal of aldicarb, atrazine and alachlor from the liquid phase, respectively. This compared favorably to batches containing only non-acclimated fungus or previously published removal rates with nonacclimated bacterial cultures. Biosorption along with biodegradation …
Removal Of Carbamazepine And Sulfamethoxazole By Mbr Under Anoxic And Aerobic Conditions, Faisal I. Hai, Xueqing Li, William E. Price, Long Nghiem
Removal Of Carbamazepine And Sulfamethoxazole By Mbr Under Anoxic And Aerobic Conditions, Faisal I. Hai, Xueqing Li, William E. Price, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
This study reveals for the first time that near-anoxic conditions (dissolved oxygen, DO - 0.5 mg/L) can be a favorable operating regime for the removal of the persistent micropollutant carbamazepine by MBR treatment. The removal efficiencies of carbamazepine and sulfamethoxazole by an MBR were systematically examined and compared under near-anoxic (DO'" 0.5 mg/L) and aerobic (DO> 2 mg/L) conditions. Preliminary batch tests confirmed that sulfamethoxazole is amenable to both aerobic and anoxic biotransformation. However, carbamazepine-a known persistent compound-showed degradation only under an anoxic environment. In good agreement with the batch tests, during near-anoxic operation, under a high loading of 750 …
Membrane Fouling In The Nanofiltration Of Landfill Leachate And Its Impact On Trace Contaminant Removal, Dirk Vogel, Bernd Bilitewski, Long Nghiem
Membrane Fouling In The Nanofiltration Of Landfill Leachate And Its Impact On Trace Contaminant Removal, Dirk Vogel, Bernd Bilitewski, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
Landfilling is the most common municipal solid waste disposal method in Australia. During the decomposition of the deposited waste, leachate is generated mainly due to the seepage of stormwater through the landfill body.
Treatment Of Saline Aqueous Solutions Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation, Long Nghiem, Florian Hildinger, Faisal I. Hai, Tzahi Cath
Treatment Of Saline Aqueous Solutions Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation, Long Nghiem, Florian Hildinger, Faisal I. Hai, Tzahi Cath
Long D Nghiem
The treatment of highly saline aqueous solutions using direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was evaluated in this study. Experiments were conducted using a flat sheet polytetrafluoroethylene membrane with nominal pore size of 0.22 µm. Seawater, reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate collected from a wastewater reclamation plant, and a synthetic solution containing 2,000 mg/L of CaSO4 were selected as the representative saline solutions. A gradual decline in permeate flux was observed at the beginning of the experiments when the seawater and RO concentrate solutions were treated using the DCMD process, most likely due to initial organic fouling and scaling. In contrast, when …
N-Nitrosamine Removal By Reverse Osmosis For Indirect Potable Water Reuse – A Critical Review Based On Observations From Laboratory, Pilot And Full-Scale Studies, Takahiro Fujioka, Stuart J. Khan, Yvan Poussade, Jorg E. Drewes, Long D. Nghiem
N-Nitrosamine Removal By Reverse Osmosis For Indirect Potable Water Reuse – A Critical Review Based On Observations From Laboratory, Pilot And Full-Scale Studies, Takahiro Fujioka, Stuart J. Khan, Yvan Poussade, Jorg E. Drewes, Long D. Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and several other N-nitrosamines have been identified as probable human carcinogens. Here, we review key aspects related to the occurrence and removal of N-nitrosamines by reverse osmosis (RO) membranes in the context of indirect potable water reuse. A comprehensive analysis of the existing data reveals significant variations in the rejection of NDMA by RO membranes reported in the literature, ranging from negligible up to 86%. This review article provides some insight into the reasons for such variations by examining the available data on the effects of operating conditions on NDMA rejection. Amongst several operating parameters investigated so far …
Effects Of Operating Conditions On The Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By A Loose Nanofiltration Membrane, Long Nghiem, Stuart Khan
Effects Of Operating Conditions On The Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By A Loose Nanofiltration Membrane, Long Nghiem, Stuart Khan
Long D Nghiem
In recent years, there has been considerable research effort focusing on the removal of specific individual contaminants at trace level concentrations instead of the traditional surrogate, and often ill-defined, water quality indicators. The need for this more precise water quality characterisation has been driven by stricter environmental regulations and legislation, and the increasing need to utilise non-traditional water resources including reclaimed municipal wastewaters. Amongst several advanced technologies used for high quality water treatment, removal of trace contaminants by nanofiltration membranes has been investigated to a considerable extent. However, it is known that such membrane filtration processes tend not to operate …
Performance Of A Prb For The Remediation Of Acidic Groundwater In Acid Sulfate Soil Terrain, Buddhima Indraratna, Gyanendra Regmi, Long Nghiem, A. Golab
Performance Of A Prb For The Remediation Of Acidic Groundwater In Acid Sulfate Soil Terrain, Buddhima Indraratna, Gyanendra Regmi, Long Nghiem, A. Golab
Long D Nghiem
Contaminated groundwater resulting from pyrite oxidation of acid sulfate soils (ASSs) is a major environmental problem in coastal Australia. A column test was carried out for an extended period with recycled concrete to study the efficiency of the reactive materials for neutralizing acidic groundwater. Results show that the actual acid neutralization capacity of the recycled concrete could decrease to less than 50% of the theoretical value due to armoring effects. Nevertheless, the performance is good as a spot treatment in ASS Terrain using a near-zero cost waste product. Based on the test results and site characterization, a permeable reactive barrier …
Critical Risk Points Of Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Processes In Water Recycling Applications, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer
Critical Risk Points Of Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Processes In Water Recycling Applications, Long Nghiem, Andrea Schaefer
Long D Nghiem
NF/RO membrane filtration processes have been recognized as an important technology to facilitate water recycling. Those processes are well-proven technologies, which can be used to remove a wide range of contaminants including trace contaminants that are of particular concern in water recycling. However, risk implications in association with brine or concentrate and membrane cleaning wastewater disposal have to date not been adequately understood. This study examines the adsorption and release process of several endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during NF/RO filtration processes. Results reported here indicate that the membrane can serve as a large reservoir for EDCs and their release may be …
Membrane Bioreactor Technology For Decentralised Wastewater Treatment, Nichanan Tadkaew, Long Nghiem, Muttucumaru Sivakumar
Membrane Bioreactor Technology For Decentralised Wastewater Treatment, Nichanan Tadkaew, Long Nghiem, Muttucumaru Sivakumar
Long D Nghiem
Driven by stricter environmental regulations and legalisation on wastewater discharge and shrinking fresh water resources, water treatment has become an area of significant concern while at the same time there is a growing interest in utilising non-traditional water resources by means of water reclamation and water recycling.
Strategies To Enhance The Removal Of The Persistent Pharmaceutically Active Compound Carbamazepine By Membrane Bioreactors, Xueqing Li, Faisal I. Hai, Nichanan Tadkaew, Sara Gilbertson, Long Nghiem
Strategies To Enhance The Removal Of The Persistent Pharmaceutically Active Compound Carbamazepine By Membrane Bioreactors, Xueqing Li, Faisal I. Hai, Nichanan Tadkaew, Sara Gilbertson, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
Carbamazepine, which is an anti-epileptic drug, is ubiquitously present in municipal wastewater. Owing to its recalcitrant chemical structure, carbamazepine is not significantly removed during conventional biological treatment or even by membrane bioreactor (MBR). With the ultimate aim of providing insights into the strategies to enhance carbamazepine removal, the effect of key operational parameters, namely, loading rate (2–750 μg/L• d), pH (5–9), mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentration (1–15 g/L) and dissolved oxygen (DO) (
Diagnosing Fouling Of Hollow Fibre Mf Membranes In Wastewater Reclamation, Long Nghiem, Andrea I. Schaefer
Diagnosing Fouling Of Hollow Fibre Mf Membranes In Wastewater Reclamation, Long Nghiem, Andrea I. Schaefer
Long D Nghiem
Fouling in membrane filtration processes is problematic but inevitable as it occurs with the retention of contaminants that accumulate on the membrane surface. The causes of fouling are often specific, depending upon feed water constituents, the membrane, and the operation regime. Therefore, it is desirable that a thorough investigation is performed on fouled membrane elements of the affected plant. This technique is known as "membrane autopsy", which identities the cause of poor membrane performance, and hence, gives the opportunity to rectify or mitigate the problem and improve future plant design. In this study, the cause of membrane fouling at a …
Is Halogen Content The Most Important Factor In The Removal Of Halogenated Trace Organics By Mbr Treatment?, Faisal I. Hai, Nichanan Tadkaew, James A. Mcdonald, Stuart J. Khan, Long Nghiem
Is Halogen Content The Most Important Factor In The Removal Of Halogenated Trace Organics By Mbr Treatment?, Faisal I. Hai, Nichanan Tadkaew, James A. Mcdonald, Stuart J. Khan, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
Incorporating Sustainable Practice in Mechanics of Structures and Materials covers a wide range of topics, from composite structures, via fire engineering and masonry structures, to timber engineering. Valuable reference for academics, researchers and practicing engineers working in structural engineering and structural mechanics. Summary Incorporating Sustainable Practice in Mechanics of Structures and Materials is a collection of peer-reviewed papers presented at the 21st Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM21, Victoria, University, Melbourne, Australia, 7th – 10th of December 2010). The contributions from academics, researchers and practicing engineers from 17 countries, mainly from Australasia and the Asia-pacific region, …
Preparation Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles From Electrocoagulated Sludge Using Sacrificial Titanium Electrodes, H K. Shon, S Phuntsho, S Vigneswaran, Jaya Kandasamy, Long Nghiem, G J. Kim, J B. Kim, Jin-Ho Kim
Preparation Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles From Electrocoagulated Sludge Using Sacrificial Titanium Electrodes, H K. Shon, S Phuntsho, S Vigneswaran, Jaya Kandasamy, Long Nghiem, G J. Kim, J B. Kim, Jin-Ho Kim
Long D Nghiem
A comprehensive investigation of electrocoagulation using sacrificial titanium (Ti) electrodes in wastewater was carried out. The effects of specific process variables, such as initial pH, mixing, current density, initial organic loading, and ionic/electrolyte strength were first optimized to produce recyclable Ti-based sludge. The sludge was incinerated at 600 °C to produce functional TiO2 photocatalyst. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that TiO2 produced at optimum electrocoagulation conditions was mostly anatase structure. The specific surface area of the synthesized TiO2 photocatalyst was higher than that of the commercially available and widely used Degussa P-25 TiO2. Furthermore, energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy …
Embedding Graduate Attribute Development Into The Engineering Curriculum: Less Is More?, Long Nghiem, Thomas L. Goldfinch, Maureen E. Bell
Embedding Graduate Attribute Development Into The Engineering Curriculum: Less Is More?, Long Nghiem, Thomas L. Goldfinch, Maureen E. Bell
Long D Nghiem
'Graduate Attributes' is a term which all too frequently sends shivers down the spines of engineering academics. The idea of having to instil a diverse set of professional behaviours and attitudes in youthful engineering students, while still ensuring a level of technical competence, can be intimidating for many. With high stakes associated with accreditation, high level university policy, and external government auditing, there can be perception that addressing as many different attributes as possible in a subject is desirable. Recent research at the University of Wollongong suggests that the idea of tackling several different Graduate attributes may be ineffective. This …
Treatment Of High Tds Liquid Waste: Is Zero Liquid Discharge Feasible?, Alexander Robertson, Long Nghiem
Treatment Of High Tds Liquid Waste: Is Zero Liquid Discharge Feasible?, Alexander Robertson, Long Nghiem
Long D Nghiem
A zero liquid discharge treatment system for the disposal of saline industrial liquid waste was proposed and evaluated in this study. Microfiltration was selected as a pretreatment process after a qualitative assessment against `conventional¿ options. Two reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were examined for the pre-concentration of liquid waste using a laboratory scale membrane rig. The results were used to validate the use of the ROSA simulation package. ROSA simulation was conducted with liquid waste having a range of salinity of up to 100,000 ppm of total dissolved solid (TDS). Results reported here indicated that RO membranes were highly suitable for …
Coupling Effects Of Feed Solution Ph And Ionic Strength On The Rejection Of Boron By Nf/Ro Membranes, Kha Tu, Long Nghiem, Allan Chivas
Coupling Effects Of Feed Solution Ph And Ionic Strength On The Rejection Of Boron By Nf/Ro Membranes, Kha Tu, Long Nghiem, Allan Chivas
Long D Nghiem
The coupling effects of solution pH and ionic strength on boron rejection by nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were investigated. Two NF membranes (namely NF270 and NF90) and three RO membranes (namely BW30, SW30 and UTC80) were used to provide a full spectrum of NF/RO membranes. The rejection of boron by all five membranes was pH-dependent. The dependency of boron rejection on the feed solution pH became much more substantial as the nominal salt (sodium or calcium) rejection value of the membrane decreased. At pH 11, boron rejections by the NF90 and the NF270 membranes were only 10% …
Effect Of Fouling On Removal Of Trace Organic Compounds By Nanofiltration, Shima Hajibabania, A Verliefde, Jörg E Drewes, Long Nghiem, J Mc Donald, S Khan, P Le-Clech
Effect Of Fouling On Removal Of Trace Organic Compounds By Nanofiltration, Shima Hajibabania, A Verliefde, Jörg E Drewes, Long Nghiem, J Mc Donald, S Khan, P Le-Clech
Long D Nghiem
The fate of chemical of concern is not yet fully understood during treatment of impaired waters. The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of different organic-based fouling layers on the removal of a large range of trace organics. Both model and real water samples (mixed with trace organic contaminants at environmental concentration of 2 μg l−1) were used to simulate fouling in nanofiltration under controlled environment. The new and fouled membranes were systematically characterised for surface charge, hydrophobicity and roughness. It was observed that fouling generally reduced the membrane surface charge; however, the alterations of the membrane …