Digital Commons Network^™

The Influence Of Custodial Grandparental Figures’ Cultural Backgrounds On Their Grandchildren’S Educational Outcomes: A Systematic Review, Gabriela B. Gonzalez

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Researchers have continuously explored the multiple ways in which grandparents affect their grandchildren’s environments, inside and outside of their homes. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in literature that regards custodial relationships between grandparents and grandchildren, pathways to custodial relationships and how these affect the grandparent’s methods of raising their grandchildren. Multiple researchers have analyzed educational attainment and progress of custodial grandchildren. This analysis focused on exploring existing data that considered how individuals with the mentioned custodial arrangements also possess diverse cultural backgrounds as their circumstance, and how both of these factors might affect children’s educational outcomes.

Throughout this …

Examining The Relationship Between Teacher Candidate Characteristics And Teacher Workforce Entry, Amy Korzekwa

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This study aims to look for relationships between the characteristics and experiences of teacher candidates while in the program and their subsequent workforce entry after leaving the program. A hierarchical logistic regression was conducted on five blocks of variables: demographics, entry academic variables, program academic variables, completion variables, and experience variables, with employment in a New Mexico public school as the dependent variable. The rate of completers working in NM public schools was much higher than expected, 73% compared to 55%. Only the block of completion variables was significantly related to entering the workforce. A few individual variables were also …

Academic Self-Efficacy In College Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Veronica Lane

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

The purpose of this study was to explore academic self-efficacy and utility value for college coursework for college undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the present study employed qualitative analysis to explore challenges students faced and what strategies they are using to promote their sense of well-being during the pandemic. One hundred eighty-seven undergraduates enrolled in educational psychology courses completed an online survey during the spring 2022 and summer 2022 semesters. The online survey consisted of a demographic questionnaire, two self-efficacy scales, and a utility value scale. In general, students had high levels of self-efficacy for graduating from …

Longitudinal Study Of The Relations Between Corporal Punishment And Children's Aggression: The Mediating Role Of Self-Regulation, Jeremy T. Armijo, Cara Streit, Ryan J. Kelly, Ashley Martin-Cuellar

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

The current study looked to expand on established literature on the detrimental outcomes of corporal punishment by examining the long-term longitudinal associations between corporal punishment and children’s aggression in gender and racially diverse, low-income samples. Data were collected from 17 sites across the United States, with urban and rural locations included from an Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (EHSREP). Lastly, the study aimed to look at self-regulation as a mediator to help explain the relationship between corporal punishment and aggression. The results show an overall positive association between corporal punishment and aggression. This means higher levels of harsh …

Lived Experiences Of Parents With Transgender And Gender Expansive Children, Mary Kathryn Brammer

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Parents of transgender and gender expansive (TGE) children can be recognized as a marginalized community often not represented or visible in the context of Westernized society. They experience significant challenges that impact their job as primary caregivers and burden their ability to raise healthy and happy TGE people. This research, guided by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis methodology and Queer theory, aimed to discern parents of TGE children’s subjective and collective experience raising a TGE child in New Mexico, understand how they experience a support group each participant has attended at least one time, and recognize the significance of these experiences for …

The Relationship Of Biliteracy With Math Achievement For Students In Dual Language Elementary School Programs, Hope A. Gill

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This study intends to explore an approach that aims to assess biliteracy in English and Spanish among dual language elementary school students enrolled in a dual language immersion program at school. Biliteracy in this study is measured using an absolute difference score that takes the difference in degree of ability in vocabulary and comprehension in both Spanish and English to create two separate biliterate continuums. These two biliterate continuums will be utilized in the analysis to describe biliteracy and explore the relationship between biliteracy and math achievement in dual language students. A sample of 388 elementary students enrolled in a …

Correlates Of Co-Rumination Among Married Women And Men In Pakistan, Mohib Rehman

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This dissertation examined co-rumination among married men and women and its effects on their marital quality and depressive outcomes. The study addressed the concept of co-rumination in the Pakistani family context as the notion of gender role affects many aspects of people’s lives in Pakistan including their self-disclosure. Data were collected online through social media from 150 married men and women who were in a marital relationship for at least a year. Using multiple regression, the association between co-rumination and depression was assessed and the moderating role of gender was examined to see if co-rumination results in different outcomes among …

Examining Self-Care Practices From A Sytemic Perspective: Understanding The Lived Experiences Of Hispanic Female Counselors In Rural New Mexico, Melissa C. Henry

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) explored the experiences of Hispanic female counselors in rural New Mexico conceptualization and practice of self-care and wellness. The aim of the study was to understand the systemic, environmental, and cultural factors that reinforce and prevent resilience and wellness. Data consisted of two interviews: one structured hour-long demographic interview and one semi-structured hour-long interview related to the participant’s experience of identity, professional counseling, and self-care. Participants included 9 Hispanic women practicing professional counseling and living in various rural communities in New Mexico. Six main themes identified systemic, environmental, and cultural strengths and barriers for participants …

Goal Orientation, Regulation Of Motivation, And Academic Achievement In Pharmacy Students, Krystal L. Ward

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This study examined goal orientation in Doctor of Pharmacy Students and its relationship with regulation of motivation and academic achievement. Research questions included: 1) Do student cohorts (first-year, second-year, and third-year students) differ in their initial goal orientation? Do students’ goal orientation vary across time (from fall to spring)? 2) How does change in goal orientation impact changes in regulation of motivation? 3) How does change in goal orientation impact changes in academic achievement? 4) Which factor, regulation of motivation or academic achievement, has the strongest relationship with goal orientation?

178 participants completed survey instruments in the fall and spring …

A Thin Line Of Social Justice: Challenges And Changes In Navigating Relations Of Power In Graduate Schools Of Education, Heather Catherine Sands

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This dissertation brings together three qualitative research articles to interrogate a disjuncture between curriculum development in graduate schools of education and the relations of power it fosters in teacher education and counselor education. In applying biopower and intersectional analyses throughout each article, this dissertation contends that the recognition of power relations within these fields helps to highlight hegemonic patterns of teaching and counseling that occur in settings of classrooms and sessions. Three themes emerged within this dissertation: resistance, community, and subjectivity. Article One demonstrates a gap between teachers and school counselors with cyberbullying directed toward LGBTQ+ students. The Article leverages …

Exploring The Role Of Core Positive Selves With Men Convicted Of Child Sexual Offenses: A Character Strengths Initiative, Tiffany A. Miner

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

The aim of this study was to help men convicted of child sexual offenses learn to recognize and engage their character strengths over 12 months. Participants were six men convicted of contact and noncontact (internet) child sexual offenses. All participants were members of a community-based reintegration group for registered citizens. In the first weeks of the study, participants received the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths survey. The survey, containing 240 questions—10 items for each of the 24 character strengths outlined—helped participants identify their top character strengths. The study explored (a) how the men could use their character strengths to …

Project C.O.P.E Sexual Health Intervention On Sexual Negotiations Skills Among Black And Hispanic Adolescents In An Under-Resourced Northeastern Urban Community, Irene N. Cantu

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Decades of sexual health interventions have focused on the disparities youth of color face; however, inequalities in health outcomes and resources remain. This study evaluated Project C.O.P.E. (Communities Organizing for Prevention and Empowerment), a sexual health intervention in an under-resourced northeastern urban community. The goal of the study was to determine if the intervention, personal domains (ethnic identity and family support), or sexual health domains (Viral Hepatitis [VH] knowledge and human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] knowledge) had an impact on sexual negotiation skills in Black and Hispanic adolescent participants (n =510; M_age =16.78 ± 1.14). Between group analyses found significant …

Mothers’ Satisfaction With Childcare Choices And Its Links To Family Involvement And Community Support, Hadeel Shamlan Al-Essa

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This study examined mothers ’reports on types of childcare arrangement for a preschool-age child, levels of mothers’, fathers’, and relatives’ involvement in childcare at home, maternal satisfaction with childcare arrangement, the influence of socioeconomic status and social support on mothers ’satisfaction with childcare arrangement, and the nature of mothers ’affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching behaviors during mother-child play sessions. The sample consisted of 130 New Mexico mothers from two-parent families with a preschool child. A subsample of four mothers was selected for collecting data on mother-child play interactions through a 10-minute observation session. Analyses suggested that mothers were the primary …

Caregivers' Perceptions Towards Medical Nutritional Supplements, Nancy Perez, Kathryn E Coakley, Diana Gonzales-Pacheco, Deborah Luffey, Deborah Cohen

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Children 2-5 years of age can be vulnerable to being underweight due to characteristics like selective eating. As a result, children may not be consuming essential nutrients from balanced meals and may have a reduction in the variety of foods they eat. Medical nutritional supplements are often recommended by healthcare professionals including physicians and registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs). Parents/caregivers may not research how the medical nutritional supplement benefits their child’s health and may not comprehend the meaning of the words “healthy growth”. This study investigated the attitudes and the perceptions of caregivers of children 2-5 years of age toward liquid …

The Effectiveness Of Mind Maps As A Study Tool In An Undergraduate Human Nutrition Class To Increase Knowledge, Exam Scores, And Final Grades, Suzanne Porter-Bolton

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

The objective of this quasi-experimental study was to assess whether instructor-prepared mind maps increased knowledge, exam scores and final grades in undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory human nutrition course. Two sections of the same class (one intervention, one control) were taught by the same student instructor/investigator. Mind maps were posted online for the intervention class following each chapter lecture. Students tracked their study methods, including whether they used the mind maps. Exam scores and final grades were analyzed and compared for differences in learning and course performance between groups. There were no statistically significant differences in exam scores or …

Food Insecurity Among Undergraduate Students In The College Of Education At The University Of New Mexico, Qamar Hadi

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

The purpose of this study was to assess factors associated with food insecurity among undergraduate students at the University of New Mexico (UNM). New Mexico has a higher estimated prevalence of adult food insecurity compared to the United States. The study design was a cross-sectional survey that collected self-reported socio-demographic data (race/ethnicity, age, living conditions, etc.) and food security status using an adapted 10-item USDA Adult Food Security Survey Module (AFSSM) from 83 undergraduate students enrolled in the UNM College of Education (COE). Data analysis was performed using Fisher’s Exact test and logistic regression. The results showed that 43% of …

Exploring Differential Effects Of Therapeutic Alliance Across Treatment Therapies, Alexandra T. Tonigan

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Effects of therapeutic alliance has been widely studied for depression, anxiety, and interpersonal problems and been found to have small to moderate positive outcomes. Consistent findings are lacking, however, regarding the relationship between therapeutic alliance, treatment therapy, and client characteristics, in alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment.

The current paper utilizes data from Project MATCH to assess the differential effects of therapeutic alliance on 12-month alcohol abstinence across clients receiving Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET), and Twelve Step Facilitation (TSF) treatment. Moreover, higher order interactions were explored to determine whether such effects differed across client characteristics. This research …

Social Cognitive Predictors Of Academic Success In First-Year College Students, Mary A. Hershberger

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Success in the first year of college is due in part to how well students can adjust to the demands of school and integrate into collegiate life. Social cognitive factors such as self-efficacy relating to college activities, academic resilience, social support, and academic stress may contribute to students’ overall feelings of belonging and academic performance, yet most research does not take into account ways that students may change across the first year of school. Two path models investigated relationships between pairs of predictors on belonging and GPA in fall and spring semesters among 212 first-year college students, also examining differences …

Supporting Pre-Service Teachers With Skills From Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Almut K. Zieher

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Mindfulness trainings, which tend to include daily home meditation practice, have been found to improve in- and pre-service teachers well-being, but findings indicate that participants struggle to complete the recommended home meditation practice. A mindfulness training based on Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) skills may be a more feasible training format for teachers because the home practice is informal and easily integrated into daily life. DBT skills are also discrete and easy-to-understand and directly relate to the intrapersonal and interpersonal challenges teachers face. Although DBT skills-based trainings have been used with non-clinical populations, to date no study has been identified exploring …

Affecting Social Change For Transgender And Gender-Expansive Children: Exploring Advocates' Perspectives, Cortny Stark

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This interpretive case study explored the experience of advocates as they pursue social change for transgender and gender-expansive children (ages 4-12). The aim of the study is to improve current understanding of the process of advocacy for this population, as well as the context in which advocacy efforts occur. Data consisted of hour long interviews, advocacy artifacts as recommended by participants, and the researcher’s field journal. Participants included 12 advocates from a variety of backgrounds and geographic locations within the United States, to include educators, community advocates, and helping professionals. Implications of this study may include increased understanding of the …

Social Determinants Of Health And Variability In Weight Trends Of Children Of Low Income Families Living In New Mexico, Molly Aileen Morrison

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

When evaluating the prevalence of obesity rates throughout New Mexico (NM), it appears these rates have reached a plateau. A recent study conducted by the NM Department of Health (DOH) found that NM was among 19 other states that have had a first time decrease in child obesity rates among low income families. However, when examined deeper, when looking at geographical areas throughout NM, hidden geography of weight disparities become apparent. Although obesity rates may have decreased in some areas, they have increased in others. The purpose of this study is to effectively evaluate variability in weight trends between geographical …

Perceptions And Clinical Applications Of Feedback Type If Dental Hygiene, Elmer Eleazar Gonzalez

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Purpose/Objectives: The study assesses whether or not feedback type and feedback delivery method play a significant role in students’ learning and clinical performance. The study explores Ego Stroking Sandwich feedback and Non-Sandwich feedback as the feedback types and Instructors feedback vs. Scoring guide feedback as the feedback delivery method. Students’ perceptions and clinical applications were considered as part of the study.

Methods: Eleven participants were included in the study. One group was the Ego Stroking Sandwich type feedback (n=5) and the other was the Non-Sandwich Type feedback (n=6). Each group performed two dental impressions (a maxillary and a mandibular) while …

The Role Of Mothers And Fathers In Predicting Adolescents' Peer Affiliation And Behavioral Adjustment, Becky Grelle, Alexandra N. Davis, Ryan J. Kelly, Cara Streit

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

The current study aimed to examine the associations between parental warmth and control and adolescents’ social behaviors (altruistic and public prosocial behaviors, aggression, and delinquency) in a low-income, Midwestern sample. The study also aimed to examine how peer relationships may play an indirect role in these associations. The results demonstrated complex links between parenting dimensions and adolescents' peer affiliation and social behaviors. Specifically, maternal and paternal warmth were predictive of peer affiliation, which in turn predicted adolescents' prosocial behaviors as well as negative social behaviors. There were also direct links between maternal and paternal parenting dimensions and social behaviors, highlighting …

Experiences Of Western Clinical Practice And Traditional Mexican American Healing When The Provider Is The Same Person, Helen Marie Tafoya

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

EXPERIENCES OF WESTERN CLINICAL PRACTICE AND TRADITIONAL MEXICAN AMERICAN HEALING WHEN THE PROVIDER IS THE SAME PERSON

By

Helen Marie Tafoya

B.A. Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 1991

M. A. Clinical Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, 1995

Ph.D., Counselor Education, University of New Mexico, 2018

ABSTRACT

In counseling ethics and standards, there is a call to integrate practices and for practitioners to become more aware of other cultures and traditions (Sue, Arrendondo, & McDavis, 1992; Ratts, Singh, Butler, Nassar-McMillan, & McCullough, 2015). Very little research exists that addresses when the Western mental health practitioner and the traditional healer are …

A Phenomenological Study Of A Combined Mindfulness And Social-And-Emotional Learning Intervention As Delivered By A Counselor-Consultant To Early-Childhood Educators, Alfredo F. Palacios

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Mindfulness is an emerging tool that is growing in use in early childhood educational settings. This project identified a high needs area of Albuquerque New Mexico and implemented a mindfulness-based intervention with teachers in a Head Start setting. This study took place over a school year where teachers met weekly with researchers for training in mindfulness and social emotional learning. This study employed a phenomenological inquiry into the perceived experiences of teachers learning these pedagogical tools to be used in their classrooms. Implications are made for early childhood educators and professional counselors that serve in a consultation role in these …

American Indian Student Motivation At A Tribal College, Rebecca L. Izzo

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between motivational characteristics of American Indian college students attending a tribal college. The Inventory of School Motivation (ISM) was utilized to identify motivational constructs. The literature in general continues to portray American Indian students as the lowest academically achieving subgroup as well as having a lack of persistence and high dropout rate in higher education. This study identified areas that support motivation to attend college, which then can be shared with the tribal college to develop programs and innovations to recruit and sustain American Indian students in education, as well as …

Emotion And Metacognitive Monitoring: The Role Of Emotion In The Development Of Learning Beliefs, Robert Craig Hoy

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Educators have daily experience with how students' emotional states influence their behaviors and levels of motivation. What is more poorly understood and even counterintuitive in effect is the subtler role of emotion in the role of metacognitive monitoring in the form of learning belief development. The research driving current understanding in this area is limited and fragmented across disciplines. The purpose of the current quantitative, cross-sectional study was to contribute to our understanding of the role that emotion plays in metacognitive monitoring. The study used self-report measures given before and after a video-based learning task. Metrics included measures of emotional …

How Brief Motivational Interventions Impact Math Beliefs In Undergraduate University Students, Ayesha Lynn Livingston Phd

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

Despite best efforts, students in U.S. schools still underperform in mathematics compared to many other developed countries, and the achievement gap persists. Teachers play a most important role in student success, yet the knowledge about adult beliefs (and how they can be changed) concerning one’s ability to learn math, the value one has for math, and one’s understanding about how math anxiety derails learning still falls short in informing efforts to best train/support pre-service or in-service teachers. A group of undergraduate university students (N=123) participated in a fully online intervention measuring each of the components in the Expectancy-Value-Cost (EVC) motivational …

Effective Training Modalities To Teach The Use Of Naloxone Nasal Spray, Dominick V. Zurlo

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This paper examines the use of four different modalities to teach the correct assembly and administration method to use a naloxone nasal device. Naloxone is a medication which can reverse an opioid overdose when administered correctly. This specific device has been used for over a decade, and has been instrumental in opioid prevention educational programs to bystanders and individuals who use substances (NMDOH, 2017). Prior research studies utilizing naloxone nasal devices, have included outcome data collected from programs which train individuals who use opioids, and distribute the naloxone nasal device (Kerr, 2008). Others have included examination of curriculum content with …

The Effect Of The Sophomore Slump On Students’ Persistence, Vanessa Harris

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

For years, universities have focused on student admissions and getting students through their first-year. According to Schaller (2010), this has resulted in limited literature and research regarding the persistence of sophomore students. From Fall 2010 to Fall 2015, the University of New Mexico (UNM) has experienced a decrease in the persistence of its cohorts from the third to the fifth semester. The existence of this higher attrition rate amongst sophomore students has been associated with a phenomenon known as the “sophomore slump” (Tobolowsky & Cox, 2007). The purpose of this research study was to utilize student retention conceptual models to …