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Assessing The Impact Of Stricter Food Safety Standards On Trade:Haccp In U.S. Seafood Trade With The Developing World, Julie Caswell
Assessing The Impact Of Stricter Food Safety Standards On Trade:Haccp In U.S. Seafood Trade With The Developing World, Julie Caswell
Julie Caswell
Health risks associated with seafood products prompted the introduction of mandatory HACCP in the seafood industry in the United States in 1997. This paper quantifies the trade impact of this introduction by analyzing patterns of seafood imports to the U.S. over the period 1990 to 2004. The results of a gravity model using panel data suggest that HACCP had a negative and significant impact on overall seafood imports from the top 33 developing and developed countries selling into the U.S. For developing countries, the results support the view of “standards-as-barriers” versus ”standards-as-catalysts” as the negative HACCP effect was experienced by …
Traceability Adoption At The Farm Level: Analysis Of The Portuguese Pear Industry, Julie Caswell
Traceability Adoption At The Farm Level: Analysis Of The Portuguese Pear Industry, Julie Caswell
Julie Caswell
Traceability is becoming a condition for doing business in European food markets. Retailers are adopting standards that are more stringent than what is mandatory. An example is EurepGAP, a quality standard for good agricultural practices that includes traceability as a main requirement. We analyze EurepGAP implementation in the Portuguese pear industry and find that implementation cannot be distinguished from sales to British supermarkets. Discrete choice models show the odds of traceability adoption increase with farm size and previous compliance with quality assurance schemes, while farm productivity has a negative impact on the probability of adoption.
An Employment-Targeted Economic Programme For South Africa, Robert Pollin, Gerald Epstein, James Heintz, Léonce Ndikumana
An Employment-Targeted Economic Programme For South Africa, Robert Pollin, Gerald Epstein, James Heintz, Léonce Ndikumana
Léonce Ndikumana
This is an independent report produced by a team of international and national consultants supported by the international Poverty Centre in Brasilia (IPC). Initial support for this report was provided by the Poverty Group of the United Nations Development Programme in New York. This Report is part of a wider global research programme encompassing several other countires. The views in this report are the authors' and not necessarily IPC's. However, the IPC regards this report as an important contribution to the debate on economic policies and employment programmes in South Africa as well as in other countries in Africa.
Working Paper Of Fiscal Impact Analysis: Methods, Cases, And Intellectual Debate, John Mullin, Zenia Kotval
Working Paper Of Fiscal Impact Analysis: Methods, Cases, And Intellectual Debate, John Mullin, Zenia Kotval
John R. Mullin
Fiscal impact analysis seeks to connect planning and local economics by estimating the public costs and revenues that result from property investments. This type of analysis enables the comparison of revenues to costs associated with new development indicating whether local government can meet new demands for services, or must raise taxes to meet new service demands. This paper is a comprehensive description and assessment of current methods for estimating fiscal impacts, it discusses the influence of local factors such as property tax structure and type of development or growth pattern on fiscal impacts and limitations of methods frequently used. It …