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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
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The Depressing Of China's Economy: The Effect Of Rural---Urban Educational Inequality And Absence Of Land Market, Huayong Zhou
The Depressing Of China's Economy: The Effect Of Rural---Urban Educational Inequality And Absence Of Land Market, Huayong Zhou
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This paper argues that too many workers were placed in traditional agricultural sector in China's economy after 1978. I investigate two factors which hindered the labor mobility from agricultural and non-agricultural sector: (1) human capital dierence between rural and urban workers brought by China's urban oriented public educational policy; (2) absence of land property rights and a well functioning land market. I incorporate those two frictions into a two-sector dynamic macro model. I calibrate the model and show that it provides a good fit for the evolution of GDP per-capita and employment share in agriculture in the Chinese economy. I …
Assimilation Of Foreigners In Germany, Jan Schiebler
Assimilation Of Foreigners In Germany, Jan Schiebler
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The first chapter of this dissertation is using data from the German SOEP panel, and I analyze the assimilation of immigrants in terms of initial wage gap and assimilation rate. The analysis consists of a basic assimilation model, a cohort model, and a source country specific model. The source country specific model allows us to distinguish assimilation rates for different groups of immigrants. I find that despite having the highest education of all immigrants, East European immigrants have the largest wage gap. Secondly individuals immigrating from former East Germany have a larger wage gap than immigrants from Italy and Turkey. …
Essays In Public And Corporate Finance, Joseph Newhard
Essays In Public And Corporate Finance, Joseph Newhard
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Each of the three chapters of this dissertation makes a unique contribution to the fields of public finance or corporate finance. In chapter one I show that tax-price is increasing in workplace risk due to a positive wage-risk response that is observed in the labor supply price for hazardous industries. This result implies that, holding human capital constant, workers in more dangerous industries will demand a relatively smaller public sector. I test this with county-level data on fatality rates and support for the two major party candidates in the 2004 US Presidential election. Taking Republicans to represent the party of …
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis Of Wage Differentials Using Nonparametric Methods, Eric Makela
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis Of Wage Differentials Using Nonparametric Methods, Eric Makela
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The vast empirical literature on wage differentials reflects extreme interest in the subject from economists, social scientists, and policymakers alike. A review of the literature reveals two noticeable shortcomings. First, nearly all past studies have assumed a linear relationship between earnings and worker characteristics without consideration as to the potential specification error this imposes on their estimates. Second, researchers have generally focused on simple mean effects rather than estimating the effects of characteristics and wage rates on earnings distributions as a whole. Using data from the American Community Survey, this Dissertation addresses both issues with a simple nonparametric approach, and …
Essays On The Political Geography Of The United States Of America, Wesley Harris
Essays On The Political Geography Of The United States Of America, Wesley Harris
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The Correlation between income and voting is very different based on what part of the country a voter resides. In rural areas, there is a strong and negative correlation between income and probability of voting for a Democratic Presidential Candidate, while in urban areas, the correlation is much weaker. This paper shows that once you control for not only individual specific characteristics of voters but also geographic characteristics such as racial diversity, population density, and economic diversity, the regional differences between the effects of income on voting disappears. One potential explanation for this geographical significance is in urban areas the …
Essays In International Economics, Eyup Dogan
Essays In International Economics, Eyup Dogan
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This Dissertation consists of three chapters. These chapters use the power of the gravity model widely employed in the international economics literature. The first chapter investigates how economic integration agreements impact countries' local technology, wages, prices and market access, and how to aggregate these effects to compute the changes in countries' welfare. By examining 16 countries that have harmonized with the European Union since 1980, we show that almost all of the participating countries experience welfare gains as a result of signing integration agreements with the European Union. The objective of the second chapter is to explain the determinants of …
Socioeconomic Indicators Of Family Forest Owner Use Of Federal Income Tax Provisions, John Hatcher
Socioeconomic Indicators Of Family Forest Owner Use Of Federal Income Tax Provisions, John Hatcher
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Family forest owners control a majority of the South's forest land and nearly half of its growing stock. These owners are a diverse group with widely varied objectives for ownership and management. Many family forest owners manage their holdings for timber production objectives and thus, are concerned with issues such as reforestation incentives and tax treatment of timber revenues. Their actual knowledge of the tax aspects of timber management varies, with some owners unaware of the federal income tax provisions that apply to timber. This study uses econometric techniques to establish socioeconomic predictors of family forest owner use of seven …
Cost, Quality, And The Community College Enrollment Decision, Caroline Swiger
Cost, Quality, And The Community College Enrollment Decision, Caroline Swiger
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Numerous studies model whether students enroll in higher education, but few have investigated how students decide where to attend. Even fewer studies have considered how community college students make this nearly first noncompulsory human capital investment decision. This research focuses on the enrollment decisions of students whose first postsecondary destination after high school graduation is one of the nation's public two-year colleges, a group that comprises nearly 40 percent of the undergraduates in American higher education (Knapp et al. 2011). The first chapter introduces the reader to community colleges with a brief history of the schools, their role in higher …
Essays On Adaptation To Climate Change, Margarita Portnykh
Essays On Adaptation To Climate Change, Margarita Portnykh
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Climate change represents a formidable challenge for mankind going forward. It is important to understand its effects. In this thesis I study how people adopt to climate change and argue that these responses could go a long way towards mitigating the effects of climate change. I show that in some cases accounting for such adaptation could completely reverse the negative effects of climate change. In the first chapter of my thesis I consider the general impact of adaptation without focusing on a particular adaptation mechanism studying mortality in Russia. Using regional monthly mortality and daily temperature data, I estimate a …
Essays On The Effect Of Early Investments On Children's Outcomes, Lyudmyla Sonchak
Essays On The Effect Of Early Investments On Children's Outcomes, Lyudmyla Sonchak
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The first chapter of this dissertation evaluates the impact of state-level Medicaid reimbursement rates for obstetric care on prenatal care utilization across demographic groups. It also uses these rates as an instrumental variable to assess the importance of prenatal care on birth weight. The analysis is conducted using a unique dataset of Medicaid reimbursement rates and 2001-2010 Vital Statistics Natality data. Conditional on county fixed effects, a doubling of reimbursement rates yields an additional prenatal visit for black disadvantaged mothers, an 11% increase. The magnitude of the effect is somewhat smaller for white disadvantaged mothers. However, the effect of an …
Residential Energy Demand And Energy Efficiency, Zhixin Wang
Residential Energy Demand And Energy Efficiency, Zhixin Wang
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The first essay investigates the relatively higher energy efficiency (EE) investment rates in housing units of homeowners versus those of renters. In the empirical analysis, discrete choice models are employed to explore households' EE investment behavior. After testing three groups of implications derived from the initial analysis, the paper suggests that due to the existence of contracting costs, landlords/renters make efficient decisions to invest less in EE than homeowners due to renters' increased mobility and the characteristics of typical EE investments. The second essay analyzes households' choices of energy efficient dishwashers and the potential influence from those choices on dish …