Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Cave minerals (5)
- Romania (4)
- Caves (3)
- Geochemistry (3)
- Karst (3)
-
- Cyanobacteria (2)
- Earth Sciences (2)
- Geology (2)
- Lava tubes (2)
- Mineralogy (2)
- Speleothem (2)
- Stable isotopes (2)
- 14C (1)
- Alunite (1)
- Aquifer (1)
- Archeology (1)
- Arizona (1)
- Austria (1)
- Azores (1)
- Bacteria (1)
- Biospeleology (1)
- Biostratigraphy (1)
- Budapest (1)
- Calcite powder (1)
- Caledonian Orogeny (1)
- Cansiliella servadeii (1)
- Carbonate microfacies and facies (1)
- Carpathians (1)
- Cave (1)
- Cave climate (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Evaluation Of Pgaa Data For Provenance Of Lithic Artifacts, Otis N. Crandell
Evaluation Of Pgaa Data For Provenance Of Lithic Artifacts, Otis N. Crandell
Studia UBB Geologia
The objectives of the study were to determine whether Prompt Gamma Activation Analyses (PGAA) could be successfully used to trace the source(s) of various Neolithic artifacts made of microcrystaline quartz. Two macroscopically identical sources of jasper from central and western Romania were analyzed by PGAA along with five Neolithic artifacts from the Limba site (Alba County). Due to the limited number of trace elements, which can be measured by PGAA, this method when used alone might produce inconclusive results for discriminating between jaspers from different sources. The interpretation of the data may be used for general assessments of provenance involving …
2011 Percival Allen Medal Award, Corina Ionescu, Tudor Berza
2011 Percival Allen Medal Award, Corina Ionescu, Tudor Berza
Studia UBB Geologia
The Association of European Geological Societies (AEGS) connects geological societies all over Europe. In 2006, the AEGS Executive Committee established an award named for Prof. Percival Allen FRS, one of the AEGS's founders. This medal is given biennially to a geoscientist for outstanding achievements in the field of international relations in Earth Sciences. Other than a distinguished record in fostering international relations in geosciences, there are no special eligibility criteria. The Award Committee announces the laureate at the Meetings of AEGS (MAEGS).
Dr. Jens Dieter Becker-Platen from Germany (at MAEGS-15, held in Tallinn 2007) and Dr. Eduardo de Mulder from …
Agglutinated Foraminifera From The Northern Tarcău Nappe (Eastern Carpathians, Romania), Raluca Bindiu, Sorin Filipescu
Agglutinated Foraminifera From The Northern Tarcău Nappe (Eastern Carpathians, Romania), Raluca Bindiu, Sorin Filipescu
Studia UBB Geologia
The Tarcău Nappe is the most important unit of the Carpathian flysch due to its size, stratigraphic, and tectonic complexity. Our purpose was to identify the major types of foraminifera assemblages in relation to the paleoenvironmental settings and their biostratigraphic potential. The identified assemblages are characteristic to the Cretaceous and Paleogene, consisting mostly of benthic agglutinated and, in lower proportions, benthic calcareous and planktonic species. Local abundances of Glomospira specimens allowed the correlation of the examined strata to the early Eocene “Glomospira event” described from the Carpathians in Poland, Morocco, and Labrador. Rzehakina fissistomata (Grzybowski) identified at Palma makes …
Effects Of Sediment Mineralogy To High-Iron Content In The Groundwater Of Rrogozhina Aquifer (Western Albania), Arjan Beqiraj, Enkeleida Beqiraj
Effects Of Sediment Mineralogy To High-Iron Content In The Groundwater Of Rrogozhina Aquifer (Western Albania), Arjan Beqiraj, Enkeleida Beqiraj
Studia UBB Geologia
The groundwater of Rrogozhina aquifer (western Albania) is generally characterized by high iron contents. Its water-bearing medium consists of soft to hard sandstone and conglomerate with intercalations of impermeable clay layers. The groundwater of Rrogozhina aquifer, that extends over a surface of 2100 km2 in the pre-Adriatic depression of Albania, occurs under typically artesian conditions. The iron content in ground water ranges from 0.2% up to 2.5%, but most of them fall within the interval 0.5-1.0 %. In groundwater iron occurs as reduced divalent ferrous iron (Fe+2) which is conditioned by the lack of water exposure to …
Experimental Techniques For Cement Hydration Studies, Andreas Luttge
Experimental Techniques For Cement Hydration Studies, Andreas Luttge
Studia UBB Geologia
Cement hydration kinetics is a complex problem of dissolution, nucleation and growth that is still not well understood, particularly in a quantitative way. While cement systems are unique in certain aspects they are also comparable to natural mineral systems. Therefore, geochemistry and particularly the study of mineral dissolution and growth may be able to provide insight and methods that can be utilized in cement hydration research. Here, we review mainly what is not known or what is currently used and applied in a problematic way. Examples are the typical Avrami approach, the application of Transition State Theory (TST) to overall …
Geomathematical Characterisation Of The Mineralization Indicators: A Case Study From Tincova Magmatic Intrusion (Romania), George Tudor
Geomathematical Characterisation Of The Mineralization Indicators: A Case Study From Tincova Magmatic Intrusion (Romania), George Tudor
Studia UBB Geologia
Indicators of the hydrothermal mineralization in the Tincova Laramian intrusion were tested at the contact zone between the intrusive body and the metamorphic host rocks. The mineralization consists of Cu, Pb and Zn sulfides, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite and pyrite in gangue of quartz, carbonates, feldspar, sericite or clay minerals, and includes areas of hydrothermal alteration or oxidation. Seventy-nine samples were analyzed and processed as two distinct populations. Geomathematical methods highlight the importance of factors such as the shape, sizes of the mineralized zones and geological processes involved in the ore genesis. Trend maps for Cu, Pb + Zn, and Ag interpolated …
About A Peri-Gondwanan-North African Enlarged Acceptance Of The Caledonian Orogeny, Ioan Balintoni, Constantin Balica, Horst-Peter Hann
About A Peri-Gondwanan-North African Enlarged Acceptance Of The Caledonian Orogeny, Ioan Balintoni, Constantin Balica, Horst-Peter Hann
Studia UBB Geologia
The notion of “Caledonian Orogeny” is restricted by most authors to the Ordovician-Devonian thermotectonic events associated with the Laurentia-Baltica- Avalonia suturing. However, some views consider an orogeny as the sum of tectonic, metamorphic and magmatic events accompanying an entire supercontinent assembly or Wilson cycle. Following this line of thinking, the Caledonian and Variscan orogenies successively assembled Pangea. During the Ordovician Period, rifting, collision, deformation, metamorphism and magmatism took place within the Gondwana margin. All these events are known today in the basement of the Cadomian terranes from Iberia through the Alps up to the Romanian Carpathians and Balkans. We plead …
In Memoriam, Lukas Plan, Michele Citterio
In Memoriam, Lukas Plan, Michele Citterio
Studia UBB Geologia
In Memoriam - Willi Dansgaard & Robert Seemann
State Of The Art And Challenges In Cave Minerals Studies, Bogdan P. Onac, Paolo Forti
State Of The Art And Challenges In Cave Minerals Studies, Bogdan P. Onac, Paolo Forti
Studia UBB Geologia
The present note is an updated inventory of all known cave minerals as March 2011. After including the new minerals described since the last edition of the Cave Minerals of the World book (1997) and made the necessary corrections to incorporate all discreditations, redefinitions, or revalidation proposed by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclatures and Classification (CNMNC) of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA), we summed up 319 cave minerals, many of these only known from caves. Some of the minerals building up speleothems are powerful tracers of changes in Quaternary climate, other minerals are useful for reconstructing landscape evolution, or …
New Data On The Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Limestones From Bihor Mountains: Case Study Of Gârda Seacă-Hodobana Region, Romania, Valentin Turi, Emanoil Sasaran, Ioan I. Bucur
New Data On The Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Limestones From Bihor Mountains: Case Study Of Gârda Seacă-Hodobana Region, Romania, Valentin Turi, Emanoil Sasaran, Ioan I. Bucur
Studia UBB Geologia
This study refers to some problems regarding the lithological succession, facies and carbonate microfacies, and to biostratigraphic markers of the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous carbonates from Bihor Mountains. Three types of facies (external marginal facies, subtidal and peritidal facies) were separated for the Upper Jurassic, and two (coastal-peritidal and open shelf facies) for the Lower Cretaceous carbonates. The micropaleontological assemblages identified contain species that allow the separation of the two formations of different age: Labyrinthina mirabilis, Kurnubia palastiniensis, Neokilianina rahonensis, Clypeina sulcata (Kimmeridgian-Lower Tithonian) and Parakoskinolina? jourdanensis, Montseciella arabica, Palorbitolina lenticularis, Falsolikanella danilovae (Barremian – Lower Aptian). Field observations and data …
Comparison Of 14c And U-Th Ages Of Two Holocene Phreatic Overgrowths On Speleothems From Mallorca (Western Mediterranean): Environmental Implications, Paola Tuccimei, Mark Van Strydonck, Angel Ginés, Joaquín Ginés, Michele Soligo, Igor M. Villa, Joan J. Fornós
Comparison Of 14c And U-Th Ages Of Two Holocene Phreatic Overgrowths On Speleothems From Mallorca (Western Mediterranean): Environmental Implications, Paola Tuccimei, Mark Van Strydonck, Angel Ginés, Joaquín Ginés, Michele Soligo, Igor M. Villa, Joan J. Fornós
International Journal of Speleology
This investigation reports on the comparison between ICP-MS U-Th and AMS 14C ages of Phreatic Overgrowths on Speleothems (POS) from two different caves on the island of Mallorca (Spain). These speleothem encrustations form at the water table of coastal caves in a low-amplitude tide-controlled microenvironment and are used to reconstruct past sea level changes. The aim of this study is to evaluate if this particular type of speleothem is datable using 14C method and to investigate possible problems connected with the incorporation of dead carbon inherited from the dissolution of 14C-free limestone. The results show that 14C ages are strongly …
Editorial, Carol A. Hill
Trace Element And Stable Isotope Data From A Flowstone In A Natural Cave Of The Mining District Of Sw Sardinia (Italy): Evidence For Zn²⁺-Induced Aragonite Precipitation In Comparatively Wet Climatic Conditions, Guglielmo Angelo Caddeo, Jo De Waele, Franco Frau, Loren Bruce Railsback
Trace Element And Stable Isotope Data From A Flowstone In A Natural Cave Of The Mining District Of Sw Sardinia (Italy): Evidence For Zn²⁺-Induced Aragonite Precipitation In Comparatively Wet Climatic Conditions, Guglielmo Angelo Caddeo, Jo De Waele, Franco Frau, Loren Bruce Railsback
International Journal of Speleology
A speleothem from Crovassa Azzurra, a mine cave in SW Sardinia (Italy), has been analysed for mineralogy, minor and trace elements and stable isotopes. It is composed of layers of primary calcite and aragonite, with a region of secondary calcite. The primary carbonate is strikingly rich in Zn and Pb, presumably as the result of transport in solution from overlying Pb-Zn deposits. Immediately below the transition between calcite and aragonite, concentrations of Zn, Cd and P increase. At the transition between aragonite and Pb-rich aragonite, concentrations of Pb and P increase. Stable isotopes indicate an evolution toward more humid periods …
A Comparative Integrated Geophysical Study Of Horseshoe Chimney Cave, Colorado Bend State Park, Texas, Wesley A. Brown, Kevin W. Stafford, Mindy Shaw-Faulkner, Andy Grubbs
A Comparative Integrated Geophysical Study Of Horseshoe Chimney Cave, Colorado Bend State Park, Texas, Wesley A. Brown, Kevin W. Stafford, Mindy Shaw-Faulkner, Andy Grubbs
International Journal of Speleology
An integrated geophysical study was performed over a known cave in Colorado Bend State Park (CBSP), Texas, where shallow karst features are common within the Ellenberger Limestone. Geophysical survey such as microgravity, ground penetrating radar (GPR), direct current (DC) resistivity, capacitively coupled (CC) resistivity, induced polarization (IP) and ground conductivity (GC) measurements were performed in an effort to distinguish which geophysical method worked most effectively and efficiently in detecting the presence of subsurface voids, caves and collapsed features. Horseshoe Chimney Cave (HCC), which is part of a larger network of cave systems, provides a good control environment for this research. …
In Situ Acetylene Reduction Activity Of Scytonema Julianum In Vapor Cave (Spain), Antonia Dolores Asencio, Marina Aboal
In Situ Acetylene Reduction Activity Of Scytonema Julianum In Vapor Cave (Spain), Antonia Dolores Asencio, Marina Aboal
International Journal of Speleology
Nitrogen fixation was measured in situ for the first time by acetylene reduction for a greyish mat composed of Scytonema julianum in cave-like environments. Mat-specific rates (129.9-215.7 nmol C2 H4 m-2 s-1 for daytime fixation and 65.1-120.6 nmol C2 H4 m-2 s-1 for nighttime fixation) recorded in the Vapor cave differed considerably due to the energy reserves stored during photosynthesis being exhausted and used in the dark phase. The most influential environmental parameter for nitrogen fixation in the Vapor cave is temperature in the daytime and nighttime fixations. Nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria may contribute considerably to the overall nitrogen cycle …
A Note On The Occurrence Of A Crayback Stalagmite At Niah Caves, Borneo, Joyce Lundberg, Donald A. Mcfarlane
A Note On The Occurrence Of A Crayback Stalagmite At Niah Caves, Borneo, Joyce Lundberg, Donald A. Mcfarlane
International Journal of Speleology
Crayback stalagmites have mainly been reported from New South Wales, Australia. Here we document a small crayback in the entrance of Painted Cave (Kain Hitam), part of the Niah Caves complex in Sarawak, Borneo. Measuring some 65 cm in length and 18 cm in height, this deposit is elongate in the direction of the dominant wind and thus oriented towards the natural tunnel entrance. It shows the classic humpbacked long profile, made up of small transverse segments or plates, in this case the tail extending towards the entrance. The dark blue-green colour down the centre suggests that cyanobacterial growth follows …
Eogenetic Caves In Conglomerate: An Example From Udin Boršt, Slovenia, Matej Lipar, Mateja Ferk
Eogenetic Caves In Conglomerate: An Example From Udin Boršt, Slovenia, Matej Lipar, Mateja Ferk
International Journal of Speleology
Udin Boršt is a karstified terrace of carbonate rock, which is of fluvioglacial origin, and is situated in the north-western part of Slovenia. There are 15 registered caves, which have been interpreted as caves in conglomerate, while karst of Udin Boršt itself was interpreted as conglomerate karst, shallow karst or isolated karst. In this article, caves in Udin Boršt have been interpreted as eogenetic caves. Based on porosity and bedding material, different types of caves and cave passages have developed. Four general types of eogenetic caves found in Udin Boršt are; linear stream caves, shelter caves, breakdown caves and vadose …
Editorial, Jo De Waele
Book Review: Aspects Of The History Of Slovene Karst 1545 – 2008, Arrigo A. Cigna
Book Review: Aspects Of The History Of Slovene Karst 1545 – 2008, Arrigo A. Cigna
International Journal of Speleology
No abstract provided.
Book Review: Advances In Research In Karst Media, Bartolomé Andreo Navarro
Book Review: Advances In Research In Karst Media, Bartolomé Andreo Navarro
International Journal of Speleology
No abstract provided.
Minerogenetic Mechanisms Occurring In The Cave Environment: An Overview, Bogdan P. Onac, Paolo Forti
Minerogenetic Mechanisms Occurring In The Cave Environment: An Overview, Bogdan P. Onac, Paolo Forti
International Journal of Speleology
Perhaps man’s first motivation to explore caves, beyond using them as shelter, was the search for substances that were not available elsewhere: most of them were minerals. However, for a long time it was believed that the cave environment was not very interesting from the mineralogical point of view. This was due to the fact that most cave deposits are normally composed of a single compound: calcium carbonate. Therefore, the systematic study of cave mineralogy is of only recent origin. However, although only a limited number of natural cavities have been investigated in detail, about 350 cave minerals have already …
Revisiting Three Minerals From Cioclovina Cave (Romania), Bogdan P. Onac, Herta S. Effenberger, Nathan C. Collins, Joe B. Kearns, Radu C. Breban
Revisiting Three Minerals From Cioclovina Cave (Romania), Bogdan P. Onac, Herta S. Effenberger, Nathan C. Collins, Joe B. Kearns, Radu C. Breban
International Journal of Speleology
Cioclovina Cave in Romania’s Southern Carpathians is a world-renowned cave site for its paleontological, anthropological, and mineralogical (type locality of ardealite) findings. To date, over 25 mineral species have been documented, some unusual for a cave environment. This paper presents details on the occurrence of collinsite [Ca2(Mg,Fe2+)(PO4)2·2H2O], atacamite [Cu22+Cl(OH)3], and kröhnkite [Na2Cu2+(SO4)2·2H2O] based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe, stable isotope analyses, and scanning electron microscope imaging. This is the first reported occurrence of kröhnkite …
Alunite Formation Within Silica Stalactites From The Sydney Region, South-Eastern Australia, R. A.L. Wray
Alunite Formation Within Silica Stalactites From The Sydney Region, South-Eastern Australia, R. A.L. Wray
International Journal of Speleology
This paper presents X-ray diffraction and SEM evidence for the formation of alunite, and possibly small quantities of natroalunite, within opal-A stalactites formed on quartz sandstone near Sydney in south-eastern, Australia. Alunite has been reported as a speleogenetic mineral from sediments within a number of caves around the world, but this is believed to be the first report of speleothemic alunite in opaline silica speleothems. Individual alunite crystals have not been visually identified, but SEM X-ray element mapping suggests the alunite has formed amongst kaolinite clay. Sedimentary alunite and natroalunite formation is usually associated with the reaction of sulphuric acid …
The Present Day Genesis And Evolution Of Cave Minerals Inside The Ojo De La Reina Cave (Naica Mine, Mexico), Giovanni Badino, José Maria Calaforra, Paolo Forti, Paolo Garofalo, Laura Sanna
The Present Day Genesis And Evolution Of Cave Minerals Inside The Ojo De La Reina Cave (Naica Mine, Mexico), Giovanni Badino, José Maria Calaforra, Paolo Forti, Paolo Garofalo, Laura Sanna
International Journal of Speleology
Ojo de la Reina is the first and the smallest cave intersected at the -290 level in the Naica Mine (Mexico), therefore it was the first cavity in which the lowering of temperature induced by mine ventilation caused condensation over crystals’ surface since 2005. The consequent dissolution of the gypsum crystals and subsequent condensed water evaporation lead to the deposition of several new minerals, among which some highly soluble Mg/Na compounds (bloedite, epsomite, halite, hexahydrite, kieserite, starkeyite). The single available source of Mg and Na ions in this minerogenetic environment is represented by the huge fluid inclusions widespread within the …
The First Cave Occurrence Of Orpiment (As₂S₃) From The Sulfuric Acid Caves Of Aghia Paraskevi (Kassandra Peninsula, N. Greece), Georgios Lazaridis, Vasilios Melfos, Lambrini Papadopoulou
The First Cave Occurrence Of Orpiment (As₂S₃) From The Sulfuric Acid Caves Of Aghia Paraskevi (Kassandra Peninsula, N. Greece), Georgios Lazaridis, Vasilios Melfos, Lambrini Papadopoulou
International Journal of Speleology
Orpiment, tamarugite and pickeringite occur in close association above the surface of thermal water cave pools in the active sulfuric acid caves of Aghia Paraskevi on the Kassandra peninsula, northern Greece. Gypsum also occurs as small interstitial crystals or encrustations. Orpiment is of high significance since it has not previously been reported as a cave mineral. In addition, tamarugite and pickeringite rarely occur in karst caves. Water from a borehole and a spring is of Na-Cl type and contains traces of CO2 and H2S. The B/Cl ratios indicate seawater participation with a possible mixing with geothermal water …
Secondary Halite Deposits In The Iranian Salt Karst: General Description And Origin, Michal Filippi, Jiří Bruthans, Lukáš Palatinus, Mohammad Zare, Naser Asadi
Secondary Halite Deposits In The Iranian Salt Karst: General Description And Origin, Michal Filippi, Jiří Bruthans, Lukáš Palatinus, Mohammad Zare, Naser Asadi
International Journal of Speleology
This paper summaries 12 years of documentation of secondary halite deposits in the Iranian salt karst.
A variety of secondary halite deposits was distinguished and classified into several groups, on the basis of the site and mechanism of their origin. Deposits formed: i) via crystallization in/on streams and pools, ii) from dripping, splashing and aerosol water, iii) from evaporation of seepage and capillary water, and iv) other types of deposits. The following examples of halite forms were distinguished in each of the above mentioned group: i) euhedral crystals, floating rafts (raft cones), thin brine surface crusts and films; ii) straw …
Black Mn-Fe Crusts As Markers Of Abrupt Palaeoenvironmental Changes In El Soplao Cave (Cantabria, Spain), Fernando Gázquez, Jose Maria Calaforra, Paolo Forti
Black Mn-Fe Crusts As Markers Of Abrupt Palaeoenvironmental Changes In El Soplao Cave (Cantabria, Spain), Fernando Gázquez, Jose Maria Calaforra, Paolo Forti
International Journal of Speleology
Peculiar iron and manganese deposits coating walls, floors and ceilings of many galleries are one of the special features of the El Soplao Cave (Cantabria, Spain). These speleothems appear to have been deposited over wall clay deposits, as well as forming part of flowstones. Structure of crusts is essentially amorphous but several manganese and iron oxides were identified like goethite and birnessite, though all occur with a low degree of crystallinity. In the outer layer of the crusts, alteration iron minerals appear that derive from previous minerals in a process probably mediated by microorganisms. EDX microanalyses report fairly high values …
Iron Oxide And Calcite Associated With Leptothrix Sp. Biofilms Within An Estavelle In The Upper Floridan Aquifer, Lee J. Florea, Chasity L. Stinson, Josh Brewer, Rick Fowler, B Joe Kearns, Anthony M. Greco
Iron Oxide And Calcite Associated With Leptothrix Sp. Biofilms Within An Estavelle In The Upper Floridan Aquifer, Lee J. Florea, Chasity L. Stinson, Josh Brewer, Rick Fowler, B Joe Kearns, Anthony M. Greco
International Journal of Speleology
In Thornton’s Cave, an estavelle in west-central Florida, SEM, EDS, and XRD data reveal biofilms that are predominantly comprised of FeOOH-encrusted hollow sheaths that are overgrown and intercalated with calcite. Fragments of this crystalline biofilm adhere to the walls and ceiling as water levels vary within the cave. Those on the wall have a ‘cornflake’ appearance and those affixed to the ceiling hang as fibrous membranes. PCR of DNA in the active biofilm, combined with morphologic data from the tubes in SEM micrographs, point to Leptothrix sp., a common Fe-oxidizing bacteria, as the primary organism in the biofilm. Recent discoveries …