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Formation And Age Of Raised Marine Beaches, Northern Scott Coast, Antarctica, Nathan Gardner
Formation And Age Of Raised Marine Beaches, Northern Scott Coast, Antarctica, Nathan Gardner
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The stability of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) is a key problem because of its potential effect on global sea level and climate. Some geologic evidence suggests that the ice sheet has collapsed in the past, which, if correct, implies that future disintegration is possible. Isolation of the mechanism(s) that have affected WAIS behavior since the last glacial maximum (LGM) may yield information about factors that control it today. Previous studies have indicated thatrecession of the WAIS from the LGM position occurred in the middle to late Holocene. However, the data come fiom points too far south to assess …
The Effect Of Nitrogen Loading On An Estuarine Faunal Community: A Stable Isotope Approach, Rachel A. Keats
The Effect Of Nitrogen Loading On An Estuarine Faunal Community: A Stable Isotope Approach, Rachel A. Keats
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Coastal ecosystems worldwide face increased nutrient enrichment from shoreline and watershed development and atmospheric pollution. To gain an understanding of the effects of nitrogen loading on the natural faunal community of Ruppia maritima beds in Northeast Creek estuary (Acadia National Park, Maine, USA), we (1) assessed the response of the faunal community to increased nitrogen loading using an in situ enrichment experiment during the summer growing season of 2001 (Chapter I), and (2) completed a description of the natural macroinvertebrate community in the estuary in 2001 with qualitative (May-July) and quantitative (August-October) monthly sample collections (Chapter 2). This study formed …
Twentieth Century Increase Of Atmospheric Ammonia Recorded In Mount Everest Ice Core, Shichang Kang, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Dahe Qin, Yuping Yan, Dongqi Zhang, Shugui Hou, Jiawen Ren
Twentieth Century Increase Of Atmospheric Ammonia Recorded In Mount Everest Ice Core, Shichang Kang, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Dahe Qin, Yuping Yan, Dongqi Zhang, Shugui Hou, Jiawen Ren
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
An NH4+ record covering the period A.D. 1845-1997 was reconstructed using an 80.4 m ice core from East Rongbuk Glacier at an elevation of 6450 m on the northern slope of Mount Everest. Variations in NH4+ are characterized by a dramatic increase since the 1950s. The highest NH4+ concentrations occur in the 1980s. They are about twofold more than those in the first half of twentieth century. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis on the eight major ion (Na+,K+,Mg2+,NH4+,Ca2+,NO3-,SO42- and Cl-) series from this core indicates that NH4+ is loaded mainly on EOF3 (60% of NH4+ variance), suggesting that NH4+ has …
A 700-Year Record Of Atmospheric Circulation Developed From The Law Dome Ice Core, East Antarctica, J. M. Souney, Paul Andrew Mayewski, I. D. Goodwin, L. D. Meeker, V. Morgan, M. A.J. Curran, T. D. Van Ommen, A. S. Palmer
A 700-Year Record Of Atmospheric Circulation Developed From The Law Dome Ice Core, East Antarctica, J. M. Souney, Paul Andrew Mayewski, I. D. Goodwin, L. D. Meeker, V. Morgan, M. A.J. Curran, T. D. Van Ommen, A. S. Palmer
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
A 700-year, high-resolution, multivariate ice core record from Dome Summit South (DSS) (66degrees46'S, 112degrees48'E; 1370 m), Law Dome, is used to investigate sea level pressure (SLP) variability in the region of East Antarctica. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis reveals that the first EOF (LDEOF1) of the combined glaciochemical, oxygen isotope ratio, and accumulation rate record from DSS represents most of the variability in sea salt seen in the record. LDEOF1 is positively correlated (at least 95% confidence level) to instrumental June mean SLP across most of East Antarctica. Over the last 700 years, LDEOF1 levels at Law Dome were the …
A New Ice Core From The Devon Ice Cap Canadian Arctic: Continued Development Of High-Resolution Proxy Records To Evaluate The Regionalization Of Climate In The Circum-Arctic, George A. Zielinski, Cameron Wake
A New Ice Core From The Devon Ice Cap Canadian Arctic: Continued Development Of High-Resolution Proxy Records To Evaluate The Regionalization Of Climate In The Circum-Arctic, George A. Zielinski, Cameron Wake
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
The primary goal of this project was to collect an ice core from the Summit of the Devon Ice Cap, Devon Island, Canadian Arctic. A 302-m core was collected during the spring of 1998 with additional field work in 1999. Individuals supported by this grant participated in the field work, although the GSC did the actual drilling. Glacier flow models as well as physical characteristics of the ice and d18O records suggest that basal ice recovered is about 86,000 years old. The first 200 meters were collected under dry drilling conditions, whereas the final 52 meters were collected with a …
Examination Of The 500,000-Year Climate Record In Ice At Mt. Moulton, West Antarctica, Gregory A. Zielinski, Paul Andrew Mayewski
Examination Of The 500,000-Year Climate Record In Ice At Mt. Moulton, West Antarctica, Gregory A. Zielinski, Paul Andrew Mayewski
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This project was a pilot project to determine if the ice on Mt. Moulton provides a reliable record of past climatic conditions. The area of study is a several hundred-meter section of blue ice (Trench A) that spans the time period from approximately the early Holocene to over 492k years ago. Dating control is obtained through radiometrically-dated tephra layers (i.e., air fall deposits) within the section (Figure 1) originating from the adjacent Mt. Berlin. Fieldwork during the 1999-2000 field season included the trenching of the complete section with electric chain saws mounted on a wheeled frame. Blocks were extracted and …
(Esh) Holocene Climate Variability, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Loreen Meeker
(Esh) Holocene Climate Variability, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Loreen Meeker
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
With the successful completion of deep drilling at Summit Greenland there is now a well-dated, high resolution, multi-parameter record of climate change (response and forcing) for the Northern Hemisphere that covers the last glacial cycle. This record reveals evidence of rapid and dramatic change in climate. Recent examination of the Holocene portion (last 11,500 years) of the Greenland record has demonstrated that, while relatively stable by comparison with glacial age climate, the Holocene does contain subdued versions of glacial age millennial scale and rapid climate change events. The Holocene is also characterized by significant annual to centennial scale variability plus …
Relationships Between Stream Geomorphology And Fish Community Structure And Diversity In Maine, Emily Gaenzle
Relationships Between Stream Geomorphology And Fish Community Structure And Diversity In Maine, Emily Gaenzle
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Predicting patterns in species distribution and abundance for resource management and conservation is a major focus of applied ecology. The primary objective of this study was to determine if there is a predictable relationship between stream geomorphology and fish community structure, native species richness, and native salmonid abundance in Maine. Specifically, I examined relationships between fish assemblages and geomorphic stream types, as delineated by the Rosgen classification system (Rosgen 1996). Fifty-three stream reaches in Maine were classified, and fish communities within the reaches were characterized using backpack electrofishing. Species richness was lowest in A-type streams (i.e., steep, entrenched, confined), which …
Late Holocene Sea-Level Change Around Newfoundland, Julia Daly
Late Holocene Sea-Level Change Around Newfoundland, Julia Daly
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Analysis of basal salt-marsh peats and tide-gauge data from several locations around Newfoundland yield high-resolution late Holocene sea-level reconstructions and constrain differential sea-level change. The transition between rising and falling local sea levels and the influence of glacioisostasy on relative sea-level change around Newfoundland through the late Holocene are not well known fiom previous research. The patterns of local relative sea-level change during this time have important implications for constraining numerical models of sea-level change, and therefore inferences about ice sheet thickness and the response of the lithosphere to deglaciation. I investigated the stratigraphy of salt marshes at four locations …
A Finite-Element Model Of Basal Water Generated By Melting In An Ice Sheet Model, James L. Fastook
A Finite-Element Model Of Basal Water Generated By Melting In An Ice Sheet Model, James L. Fastook
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
It is well known that water is produced at the bed of an ice sheet when the temperature of the bed reaches the pressure melting point. The current ice sheet model, with its ability to calculate temperatures throughout the ice sheet, is also able to calculate melt rates at the bed. By incorporating a model of the continuity equation for the basal-water flow, this project will attempt to follow the movement of this water under the ice sheet as it flows from source regions to sink regions. The ability to predict wet-based regions is important to the understanding of the …
Evolution Of Seabed Pockmarks In Penobscot Bay, Maine, Allen M. Gontz
Evolution Of Seabed Pockmarks In Penobscot Bay, Maine, Allen M. Gontz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Seafloor depressions, called pockmarks, have been known to exist in Penobscot Bay, Maine since the mid 1980's (Knebel and Scanlon, 1985). Earlier workers (Ostericher, 1965) recognized "channels" on sonoprobe records that are in the sanle area as the pockmarks recognized by Knebel and Scanlon (1985). Their origins and pathways of evolution are unknown. Much speculation about the sources of pore fluids, levels of activity, and evolutionary pathways has occurred since their discovery. Two surveys of Belfast Bay, in 1998 and 1989, have shown differences in the pockmark field population. Over the course of a decade, 36% of the field's 1998 …
The Role Of Forest Soils In A Northern New England Effluent Management System, Leslie B. Nelson
The Role Of Forest Soils In A Northern New England Effluent Management System, Leslie B. Nelson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Carrabassett Valley Sanitary District in Carrabassett Valley, Maine has utilized both a forest spray irrigation system and a Snowfluent™ system for the treatment of their wastewater effluent. This study was designed to evaluate potential changes in soil properties after approximately 20 years of treatment in the forested spray irrigation site and three years of treatment in the field Snowfluent™ site. In addition, grass yield and composition were evaluated on the field study sites. After treatment with effluent or Snowfluent™, soils showed an increase in soil exchangeable Ca, Mg, Na, and K, base saturation, and pH. While most constituents were …
Distribution Of Patterned Ground And Surficial Deposits On A Debris-Covered Glacier Surface In Mullins Valley And Upper Beacon Valley, Antarctica, Andrew M. Lorrey
Distribution Of Patterned Ground And Surficial Deposits On A Debris-Covered Glacier Surface In Mullins Valley And Upper Beacon Valley, Antarctica, Andrew M. Lorrey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Beacon Valley is located in the western Dry Valleys, Antarctica, adjacent to the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS). The surficial material on the floor of Beacon Valley is segmented into large polygonal landforms separated by trenches. Buried beneath the polygons and surficial material is massive ground ice. One hypothesis is that the buried ice in upper Beacon Valley is glacier ice originating from local debris-covered glaciers. The networks of polygons and trenches form as the buried ice undergoes thermal contraction and sublimation. Contraction cracks that penetrate the surficial material and buried ice in Beacon Valley contain Late Miocene age volcanic …
Siple Dome Deep Ice Core Glaciochemistry And Regional Survey - A Contribution To The Wais Initiative, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Loren D. Meeker
Siple Dome Deep Ice Core Glaciochemistry And Regional Survey - A Contribution To The Wais Initiative, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Loren D. Meeker
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Our project focuses on the analysis and interpretation of major ions and methanesulfonate (in conjunction with the Univ. of Miami) from a deep ice core at Siple Dome, Antarctica. In addition, this study investigates the regional glaciochemical variability on Siple Dome, continuing work begun during the 1994 field season. The first field season for this project was conducted during the 1996/97 austral season. Because this project closely follows work begun in 1994, selected glaciochemical results from 1994 are presented, along with reports that detail Siple Dome research to present.
Investigating Peatland Stratigraphy And Hydrogeology Using Integrated Electrical Geophysics, Lee D. Slater, Andrew S. Reeve
Investigating Peatland Stratigraphy And Hydrogeology Using Integrated Electrical Geophysics, Lee D. Slater, Andrew S. Reeve
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
Hydrology has been suggested as the mechanism controlling vegetation and related surficial pore-water chemistry in large peatlands. Peatland hydrology influences the carbon dynamics within these large carbon reservoirs and will influence their response to global warming. A geophysical survey was completed in Caribou Bog, a large peatland in Maine, to evaluate peatland stratigraphy and hydrology. Geophysical measurements were integrated with direct measurements of peat stratigraphy from probing, fluid chemistry, and vegetation patterns in the peatland. Consistent with previous field studies, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) was an excellent method for delineating peatland stratigraphy. Prominent reflectors from the peat-lake sediment and lake sediment-mineral …
Stable-Isotopic Composition Of Precipitation Over The Northern Slope Of The Central Himalaya, Shichang Kang, Karl J. Kreutz, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Dahe Qin, Tandong Yao
Stable-Isotopic Composition Of Precipitation Over The Northern Slope Of The Central Himalaya, Shichang Kang, Karl J. Kreutz, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Dahe Qin, Tandong Yao
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
Stable-water-isotope data (deltaD and delta(18)O) from three groups of samples (fresh-snow and snow-pit samples collected on Qomolangma (Mount Everest) and Xixabangma during field seasons 1997,1998 and 2001, and precipitation samples collected at Tingri station during summer 2000) are presented and used to survey the isotopic composition of precipitation over the northern slope of the central Himalaya. Multi-year snow-pit samples on Qomolangma have a local meteoric water-line (slope = 8) close to the global value. Deuterium excess (d = deltaD - 8delta(18)O) values at Tingri are much lower than those in fresh snow from Qomolangma, probably due to differences in moisture …
Antarctic Volcanic Flux Ratios From Law Dome Ice Cores, Anne S. Palmer, Vin I. Morgan, Mark A.J. Curran, Tas D. Van Ommen, Paul Andrew Mayewski
Antarctic Volcanic Flux Ratios From Law Dome Ice Cores, Anne S. Palmer, Vin I. Morgan, Mark A.J. Curran, Tas D. Van Ommen, Paul Andrew Mayewski
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
Explosive volcanic eruptions can inject large quantities of sulphur dioxide into the stratosphere. The aerosols that result from oxidation of the sulphur dioxide can produce significant cooling of the troposphere by reflecting or absorbing solar radiation. It is possible to obtain an estimate of the relative stratospheric sulphur aerosol concentration produced by different volcanoes by comparing sulphuric acid fluxes determined by analysis of polar ice cores. Here, we use a non-sea-salt sulphate time series derived from three well-dated Law Dome ice cores to investigate sulphuric acid flux ratios for major eruptions over the period AD 1301-1995. We use additional data …
Local Rates Of Ice-Sheet Thickness Change In Greenland, Gordon S. Hamilton, Ian M. Whillans
Local Rates Of Ice-Sheet Thickness Change In Greenland, Gordon S. Hamilton, Ian M. Whillans
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
The rate of ice-sheet thickness change is calculated for 10 sites in Greenland by comparing measured values of ice vertical velocity and snow-accumulation rate. Vertical velocities are derived from repeat surveys of markers using precision global positioning system techniques, and accumulation rates are determined from stratigraphic analysis of firn cores. The results apply to time-scales covered by the firn-core records, which in most cases are a few decades. A spectrum of thickness-change rates is obtained, ranging from substantial thinning to slow thickening. The sites where ice-sheet thinning is indicated are located near the ice-sheet margin or in outlet glacier catchments. …
Mass Balance And Accumulation Rate Across Siple Dome, West Antarctica, Gordon S. Hamilton
Mass Balance And Accumulation Rate Across Siple Dome, West Antarctica, Gordon S. Hamilton
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
Snow-accumulation rates and rates of ice-thickness change (mass balance) are studied at several sites on Siple Dome, West Antarctica. Accumulation rates are derived from analyses of gross beta radioactivity in shallow firn cores located along a 60 km transect spanning both flanks and the crest of the dome. There is a north-south gradient in snow-accumulation rate across the dome that is consistent with earlier radar mapping of internal stratigraphy. Orographic processes probably control this distribution. Mass balance is inferred from the difference between global positioning system (GPS)-derived vertical velocities and snow-accumulation rates for sites close to the firn-core locations. Results …
Post-Depositional Movement Of Methanesulphonic Acid At Law Dome, Antarctica, And The Influence Of Accumulation Rate, Mark A.J. Curran, Anne S. Palmer, Tas D. Van Ommen, Vin I. Morgan, Katrina L. Phillips, Alison J. Mcmorrow, Paul Andrew Mayewski
Post-Depositional Movement Of Methanesulphonic Acid At Law Dome, Antarctica, And The Influence Of Accumulation Rate, Mark A.J. Curran, Anne S. Palmer, Tas D. Van Ommen, Vin I. Morgan, Katrina L. Phillips, Alison J. Mcmorrow, Paul Andrew Mayewski
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
A series of ice cores from sites with different snow-accumulation rates across Law Dome, East Antarctica, was investigated for methanesulphonic acid (MSA) movement. The precipitation at these sites (up to 35 km apart) is influenced by the same air masses, the principal difference being the accumulation rate. At the low-accumulation-rate W20k site (0.17 in ice equivalent), MSA was completely relocated from the summer to winter layer. Moderate movement was observed at the intermediate-accumulation-rate site (0.7 in ice equivalent), Dome Summit South (DSS), while there was no evidence of movement at the high-accumulation-rate DE08 site (1.4 in ice equivalent). The main …
Preliminary Results From The Chemical Records Of An 80.4 M Ice Core Recovered From East Rongbuk Glacier, Qomolangma (Mount Everest), Himalaya, Qin Dahe, Hou Shugui, Zhang Dongqi, Ren Jiawen, Shichang Kang, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Cameron P. Wake
Preliminary Results From The Chemical Records Of An 80.4 M Ice Core Recovered From East Rongbuk Glacier, Qomolangma (Mount Everest), Himalaya, Qin Dahe, Hou Shugui, Zhang Dongqi, Ren Jiawen, Shichang Kang, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Cameron P. Wake
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
High-resolution chemical records from an 80.4 m ice core from the central Himalaya demonstrate climatic and environmental changes since 1844. The chronological net accumulation series shows a sharp decrease from the mid-1950s, which is coincident with the widely observed glacier retreat. A negative correlation is found between the ice-core delta(18)O record and the monsoon precipitation for Indian region 7. The temporal variation of the terrestrial ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) is controlled by both the monsoon precipitation for Indian regions 3,7 and 8, located directly south and west of the Himalaya, and the dust-storm duration and frequency in the northern arid …
The Effects Of Flowline Length Evolution On Chemistry-Delta O-18 Profiles From Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada, David A. Fisher, Roy M. Koerner, Gregory A. Zielinski, Cameron P. Wake, Christian M. Zdanowicz, Jocelyne C. Bourgeois, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Nancy Grummet
The Effects Of Flowline Length Evolution On Chemistry-Delta O-18 Profiles From Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada, David A. Fisher, Roy M. Koerner, Gregory A. Zielinski, Cameron P. Wake, Christian M. Zdanowicz, Jocelyne C. Bourgeois, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Nancy Grummet
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
The isotopic and chemical signatures for ice-age and Holocene ice from Summit, Greenland and Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada, arc compared. The usual pattern of low delta(18)O, high Ca2+ and high Cl- is presented in the Summit records, but Penny Ice Cap has lower than present Cl- in its ice-age ice. A simple extension of the Hansson model (Hansson, 1994) is developed and used to simulate these signatures. The low ice-age Cl- from Penny Ice Cap is explained by having the ice-age ice originating many thousands of km inland near the centre of the Laurentide ice sheet and much …
The Polar Expression Of Enso And Sea-Ice Variability As Recorded In A South Pole Ice Core, Eric A. Myerson, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Karl J. Kreutz, L. David Meeker, Sallie I. Whitlow, Mark S. Twickler
The Polar Expression Of Enso And Sea-Ice Variability As Recorded In A South Pole Ice Core, Eric A. Myerson, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Karl J. Kreutz, L. David Meeker, Sallie I. Whitlow, Mark S. Twickler
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
An annually dated ice core recovered from South Pole (2850 in a.s.l.) in 1995, that covers the period 1487-1992, was analyzed for the marine biogenic sulfur species methanesulfonate (MS). Empirical orthogonal function analysis is used to calibrate the high-resolution MS series with associated environmental series for the period of overlap (1973-92). Utilizing this calibration we present a similar to500 year long proxy record of the polar expression of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and southeastern Pacific sea-ice extent variations. These records reveal short-term periods of increased (1800-50, 1900-40) and decreased sea-ice extent (1550-1610., 1660-1710, 1760-1800). In general, increased (decreased) sea-ice …
Chemical Composition Of Fresh Snow On Xixabangma Peak, Central Himalaya, During The Summer Monsoon Season, Shichang Kang, Qin Dahe, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Sharon B. Sneed, Yao Tandong
Chemical Composition Of Fresh Snow On Xixabangma Peak, Central Himalaya, During The Summer Monsoon Season, Shichang Kang, Qin Dahe, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Sharon B. Sneed, Yao Tandong
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Chemical Composition Of Fresh Snow On Xixabangma Peak, Central Himalaya, During The Summer Monsoon Season, Shichang Kang, Dahe Qin, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Sharon B. Sneed
Chemical Composition Of Fresh Snow On Xixabangma Peak, Central Himalaya, During The Summer Monsoon Season, Shichang Kang, Dahe Qin, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Sharon B. Sneed
Earth Science Faculty Scholarship
The physical and chemical analysis of ice cores recovered from glaciers in the Himalaya provide some of the best records of past climate change in the region (e.g. Qin and others, 2000; Thompson and others, 2000; Kang and others, 2001, 2002). In order to better understand the climatic and environmental records preserved in snow and ice, studies have investigated the precipitation chemistry in the high Himalaya, notably that the northern slopes of the central Himalaya (Mayewski and others, 1986; Jenkins and others 1987) and the southern slopes of the central Himalaya (Shrestha and others, 1997; Marinoni and others, 2001).
Early Stage Humification During Amendment Decomposition And Its Influence On Cu-Binding Capacity Of Dissolved Organic Carbon, Karen A. Merritt
Early Stage Humification During Amendment Decomposition And Its Influence On Cu-Binding Capacity Of Dissolved Organic Carbon, Karen A. Merritt
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis monitored the progression of early-stage humification during the decomposition of four soil amendments and analyzed the effect of hurnification on the copper (Cu) binding capacity of amendment-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Amendments chosen for the 8-week incubation were: wheat straw (Triticum aestivium L.), crimson clover (Trifolium incamaturn L.), a primary papermill residue (PPR), and a primary papermill residue mixed with secondary wastewater treatment sludge (PPR+SS). Specific attention was given to the
Variability And Continuity Between Paleoindian Assemblages In The Northeast: A Technological Approach, Edward Cyrus Moore
Variability And Continuity Between Paleoindian Assemblages In The Northeast: A Technological Approach, Edward Cyrus Moore
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Paleoindian record in Maine consists almost exclusively of stone artifacts. Of these artifacts, the fluted projectile point is the most widely recognized and researched, particularly its morphology. Very little is known of the technological strategies involved in the production of Paleoindian stone tools or whether these strategies were consistent between Paleoindian sites. This research examines stone tool production methods and technological organization between two Paleoindian sites in Maine (Janet Cormier and Nicholas) using remnant technological attributes observed on discarded artifacts. Both sites are located in southwestern Maine within the Little Androscoggin River. The sites are situated on elevated, well-drained …
Growth Increment Analysis Of Marine Bivalves From The North, Stephen D. Houk
Growth Increment Analysis Of Marine Bivalves From The North, Stephen D. Houk
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study aids in developing a sea surface temperature (SST) proxy with monthly temporal resolution using a combination of growth increment and stable isotope analyses of marine bivalves from the north coast of Peru. Faunal assemblages from the Siches and Ostra Base Camp archaeological sites contain shells of warm-tropical mollusks that currently live farther north in Ecuador. The presence of warm-tropical species in these sites and others as far south as 10"s latitude and dating prior to 5730 cal yr B.P. indicates a stable warm-water regime in the eastern tropical Pacific which subsequently changes to a modern temperate-water regime after …
Surficial Geology And Geomorphology Of The Western Olympus Range, Antarctica: Implications For Ice-Sheet History, Brett Vandenheuvel
Surficial Geology And Geomorphology Of The Western Olympus Range, Antarctica: Implications For Ice-Sheet History, Brett Vandenheuvel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A widespread erosion surface passes across bedrock and sedimentary deposits in the western Dry Valleys sector of the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM), southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The surface includes stoss-and-lee slopes, channels, potholes, scoured basins, and corrugated bedrock. These features have been taken to represent subglacial meltwater erosion beneath a greatly expanded East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) in the mid-Miocene (Denton et al. 1984, Marchant et al. 1993a). Sedimentary deposits that are typically associated with ice-sheet wastage, such as outwash, are not present on the erosion surface. The lack of these deposits indicates that the expanded ice-sheet postulated to be responsible …
Decadal Responses In Soil N Dynamics At A Paired Watershed Experiment In Maine, Sultana Sarvatara Shah
Decadal Responses In Soil N Dynamics At A Paired Watershed Experiment In Maine, Sultana Sarvatara Shah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nitrogen is commonly thought of as the most limiting nutrient to plant growth, yet elevated N deposition can result in N accumulating in excess of biotic demand, a condition known as 'TI Saturation." Excess N can perturb soil microbial N transformations and may cause initial increases in net N mineralization rates followed by decreases in net N mineralization with concomitant increases in net nitrification. Along with increases in net nitrification and N loss, N saturation is often associated with a loss of forest productivity. Understanding nitrogen dynamics in soil under enhanced N deposition is key to predicting future forest health. …