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Health Professionals’ Roles In Animal Agriculture, Climate Change, And Human Health, Aysha Z. Akhtar, Michael Greger, Hope Ferdowsian, Erica Frank Dec 2014

Health Professionals’ Roles In Animal Agriculture, Climate Change, And Human Health, Aysha Z. Akhtar, Michael Greger, Hope Ferdowsian, Erica Frank

Michael Greger, MD, FACLM

What we eat is rapidly becoming an issue of global concern. With food shortages, the rise in chronic disease, and global warming, the impact of our dietary choices seems more relevant today than ever. Globally, a transition is taking place toward greater consumption of foods of animal origin, in lieu of plantbased diets. With this transition comes intensification of animal agriculture that in turn is associated with the emergence of zoonotic infectious diseases, environmental degradation, and the epidemics of chronic disease and obesity. Health professionals should be aware of these trends and consider them as they promote healthier and more …


Health Care And Hiv Testing Experiences Among Black Men In The South: Implications For "Seek, Test, Treat And Retain" Hiv Prevention Strategies, Rupali K. Doshi, David J. Malebranche, Lisa Bowleg, Thurka Sangaramoorthy Dec 2012

Health Care And Hiv Testing Experiences Among Black Men In The South: Implications For "Seek, Test, Treat And Retain" Hiv Prevention Strategies, Rupali K. Doshi, David J. Malebranche, Lisa Bowleg, Thurka Sangaramoorthy

David J Malebranche

Few studies have explored how overall general health care and HIV/STI testing experiences may influence receipt of ‘‘Seek, Test, Treat, and Retain’’ (STTR) HIV prevention approaches among Black men in the southern United States. Using in-depth qualitative interviews with 78 HIV-negative/unknown Black men in Georgia, we explored factors influencing their general health care and HIV/STI testing experiences. The Andersen behavioral model of health care utilization (Andersen model) offers a useful framework through which to examine the general health care experiences and HIV testing practices of Black men. It has four primary domains: Environment, Population characteristics, Health behavior, and Outcomes. Within …


A Reappraisal In São Paulo, Brazil (2008) Of "The Ecology Of Medical Care:" The "One Per Thousand's Rule"., Adriana Roncoletta, Gustavo D. Gusso, Isabela M. Bensenor, Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 2012

A Reappraisal In São Paulo, Brazil (2008) Of "The Ecology Of Medical Care:" The "One Per Thousand's Rule"., Adriana Roncoletta, Gustavo D. Gusso, Isabela M. Bensenor, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

This paper reassessed in Brazil, the concept of "Medical ecology" i introduced in 1961 to describe the relationship and utilization of health care services by a given population. This was a cross-sectional telephone survey among a random sample of people enrolled in a private HMO. We interviewed a random sample of non-pregnant adults over age 18 using 10 questions about symptoms and health care use during the month prior to interview. The final sample consisted of 1,065 participants (mean age 68 years, 68% female). From this sample, 424 (39.8%) reported the presence of symptoms, 311 (29.2%) had a medical office …


Neighborhood Disparities In Stroke And Myocardial Infarction Mortality: A Gis And Spatial Scan Statistics Approach, Agricola Odoi Aug 2011

Neighborhood Disparities In Stroke And Myocardial Infarction Mortality: A Gis And Spatial Scan Statistics Approach, Agricola Odoi

Agricola Odoi

Background: Stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) are serious public health burdens in the US. These burdens vary by geographic location with the highest mortality risks reported in the southeastern US. While these disparities have been investigated at state and county levels, little is known regarding disparities in risk at lower levels of geography, such as neighborhoods. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate spatial patterns of stroke and MI mortality risks in the East Tennessee Appalachian Region so as to identify neighborhoods with the highest risks. Methods: Stroke and MI mortality data for the period 1999-2007, obtained free …


Physical Interventions To Interrupt Or Reduce The Spread Of Respiratory Viruses: Systematic Review, Tom Jefferson, Chris Del Mar, Liz Dooley, Eliana Ferroni, Lubna A. Al-Ansary, Shaikh Abdullah S. Bahamdam, Ghada A. Bawazeer, Mieke L. Van Driel, Ruth Foxlee, Alessandro Rivetti Sep 2010

Physical Interventions To Interrupt Or Reduce The Spread Of Respiratory Viruses: Systematic Review, Tom Jefferson, Chris Del Mar, Liz Dooley, Eliana Ferroni, Lubna A. Al-Ansary, Shaikh Abdullah S. Bahamdam, Ghada A. Bawazeer, Mieke L. Van Driel, Ruth Foxlee, Alessandro Rivetti

Liz Dooley

Objective: To review systematically the evidence of effectiveness of physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Data sources: Cochrane Library, Medline, OldMedline, Embase, and CINAHL, without restrictions on language or publication. Data selection: Studies of any intervention to prevent the transmission of respiratory viruses (isolation, quarantine, social distancing, barriers, personal protection, and hygiene). A search of study designs included randomised trials, cohort, case-control, crossover, before and after, and time series studies. After scanning of the titles, abstracts and full text articles as a first filter, a standardised form was used to assess the eligibility of the …


Socioeconomic Status, Hospital Volume, And Stroke Fatality In Canada., Gustavo Saposnik Dec 2008

Socioeconomic Status, Hospital Volume, And Stroke Fatality In Canada., Gustavo Saposnik

Gustavo Saposnik

No abstract provided.


Race, Gender And Stroke Subtypes Mortality In Sao Paulo, Brazil., Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 2007

Race, Gender And Stroke Subtypes Mortality In Sao Paulo, Brazil., Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Stroke mortality rates have a discrepant distribution according to socioeconomic variables as social exclusion in Brazil. Recently, data from race has been available from the official health statistics considering five categories: White, Mixed, Black, Asian and Native. We addressed in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, an analysis of cerebrovascular mortality according to race (excluding Asian and Native due to small number of events) and gender during 1999-2001 for people aged 30 to 79 years-old. For all cerebrovascular diseases, age-adjusted mortality rates (x 100,000) for men were higher for Black (150.2), intermediate for Mixed (124.2) and lower for White (104.5) …


Sunshine And Suicide At The Tropic Of Capricorn, São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2004, Paulo A. Lotufo Dec 2006

Sunshine And Suicide At The Tropic Of Capricorn, São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2004, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Several studies have confi rmed seasonal variation in suicide rates according to hours of sunshine. The suicide pattern was assessed in São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, at the tropic of Capricorn from 1996 to 2004. Poisson regression was employed to estimate parameters of seasonality, as well as to verify associations for each day between daylight duration and suicide. During the nine-year study period, there were 3,984 suicides (76.9% in men; median age=38.7 years old). Seasonal averages of suicides were similar, as were monthly averages. Poisson regression did not reveal any association between suicide rates and hours of sunshine (p=0.45) for both …


Premature Mortality From Chronic Diseases In Brazil. [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo May 1996

Premature Mortality From Chronic Diseases In Brazil. [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

This thesis evaluated the pattern of chronic diaseases mortality in Brazil during the 1980´s. We studied the age strata from 35-years-old to 64-years-old to analyze the chronic disease-related premature deaths. The questions are the following: 1. Are chronic disease-related premature deaths higher in Brazil than abroad? 2. Is premature mortality higher in males than in females? Which is the best indicator for premature mortality, age-adjusted rates or the impact of deaths elimination by Chiang’ method? Are there geographic or temporal differences in chronic diseases mortality rates among Brazilian metropolitan areas? 5. Which are the social and economics determinants of chronic …


Smoking And Mortality From Cerebrovascular Disorders In Brazil [Portuguese]L: Comparative Study Of Capital Cities Of Metropolitan Regions, 1988 [Porug, Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 1995

Smoking And Mortality From Cerebrovascular Disorders In Brazil [Portuguese]L: Comparative Study Of Capital Cities Of Metropolitan Regions, 1988 [Porug, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

The role of smoking as risk factor for stroke is controversial. An ecological design study was performed to test the association between stroke mortality and smoking in Brazil. Lung cancer mortality was used as a surrogate for smoking habit.The mortality rate for stroke (ICD-9:430-438) and lung cancer (ICD-9: 162) were determined in the following metropolitan areas: Belém, Recife, Salvador, Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Curitiba and Porto Alegre for males and females between 30 years-old and 69 years-old. ANOVA test was used to compare both age-adjusted mortality rates. A negative association by ANOVA was determined between age-adjusted rates …