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Articles 1 - 30 of 123
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Prosecuting Atrocities Committed In Ukraine: A New Era For Universal Jurisdiction?, Yvonne M. Dutton
Prosecuting Atrocities Committed In Ukraine: A New Era For Universal Jurisdiction?, Yvonne M. Dutton
Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law
No abstract provided.
Domestic Terrorism Classification In The United States V. Canada And The United Kingdom, Michelle Hayek
Domestic Terrorism Classification In The United States V. Canada And The United Kingdom, Michelle Hayek
Brooklyn Journal of International Law
For the past two decades, discourse on terrorism (both global and domestic) has been commonplace throughout the international sphere. Following the attacks on September 11, 2001, many nations have followed suit in launching counterterrorism operations to identify and prevent attacks by both radical groups and lone actors. While the common narrative has focused on “why” terrorist actors commit heinous acts and “how” to best prevent future incidents from emerging, it is important to analyze the legal nuances between prosecuting domestic versus international terrorists. With the rise on “homegrown” domestic lone actors, nations have had to reevaluate and adapt counterterrorism statutes …
Slaying The Serpents: Why Alternative Intervention Is Necessary To Protect Those In Mental Health Crisis From The State-Created Danger “Snake Pit”, Kathleen Giunta
Slaying The Serpents: Why Alternative Intervention Is Necessary To Protect Those In Mental Health Crisis From The State-Created Danger “Snake Pit”, Kathleen Giunta
Journal of Law and Policy
The Black Lives Matter protests in 2020 and ongoing reports of police brutality around the United States sparked extensive debate over qualified immunity and the legal protections that prevent police accountability. Individuals experiencing mental health crises are especially vulnerable to police violence, since police officers lack the requisite skills and knowledge to provide effective crisis support during mental health emergencies. Although the state-created danger doctrine was created by the courts as an exception to qualified immunity, it is so rarely applied that individuals harmed or even killed by police are left without legal remedy. This Note explores qualified immunity and …
Lifting The Veil Of Mona Lisa: A Multifaceted Investigation Of The "Beyond A Reasonable Doubt" Standard, Zhuhao Wang, Eric Zhi
Lifting The Veil Of Mona Lisa: A Multifaceted Investigation Of The "Beyond A Reasonable Doubt" Standard, Zhuhao Wang, Eric Zhi
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
For a long period of time, the golden standard in judicial fact-finding of criminal cases in the United States and many other countries has been the “Beyond a Reasonable Doubt” (BARD) standard – every person accused of a crime is presumed to be innocent unless, and until, his or her guilt is established beyond a reasonable doubt. The BARD standard’s undergirding principle is one of error distribution, where wrongful conviction of the innocent is a much greater wrong than failed conviction of the guilty. This concept was famously expressed by the English jurist William Blackstone in 1760s: “It is better …
Kidnapping Reconsidered: Courts Merger Tests Inadequately Remedy The Inequities Which Developed From Kidnapping's Sensationalized And Racialized History, Samuel P. Newton
Kidnapping Reconsidered: Courts Merger Tests Inadequately Remedy The Inequities Which Developed From Kidnapping's Sensationalized And Racialized History, Samuel P. Newton
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Supervised Release Is Not Parole, Jacob Schuman
Supervised Release Is Not Parole, Jacob Schuman
Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review
The United States has the largest prison population in the developed world. Yet outside prisons, there are almost twice as many people serving terms of criminal supervision in the community— probation, parole, and supervised release. At the federal level, this “mass supervision” of convicted offenders began with the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984, which abolished parole and created a harsher and more expansive system called supervised release. Last term in United States v. Haymond, the Supreme Court took a small step against mass supervision by striking down one provision of the supervised release statute as violating the right to …
The African Union-Icc Controversy Before The Icj: A Way Forward To Strengthen International Criminal Justice?, Sascha-Dominick Dov Bachmann, Naa A. Sowatey-Adjei
The African Union-Icc Controversy Before The Icj: A Way Forward To Strengthen International Criminal Justice?, Sascha-Dominick Dov Bachmann, Naa A. Sowatey-Adjei
Washington International Law Journal
The International Criminal Court was set up as a court of last resort to prosecute the most serious crimes under international law when its member states are either unable or unwilling to act. The African Union initially welcomed the court due to the continent’s history of violence and war. However, their soured when the ICC began indicting African heads of state and government officials. Since then, there has been a constant “battle” over whether such defendants could invoke immunity under customary international law. General criticism of the ICC by the African Union and other observers for its lack of focus …
Entering The Trump Ice Age: Contextualizing The New Immigration Enforcement Regime, Bill Ong Hing
Entering The Trump Ice Age: Contextualizing The New Immigration Enforcement Regime, Bill Ong Hing
Texas A&M Law Review
During the early stages of the Trump ICE age, America seemed to be witnessing and experiencing an unparalleled era of immigration enforcement. But is it unparalleled? Did we not label Barack Obama the “deporter-inchief?” Was it not George W. Bush who used the authority of the Patriot Act to round up nonimmigrants from Muslim and Arab countries, and did his ICE not commonly engage in armed raids at factories and other worksites? Are there not strong parallels that can be drawn between Trump enforcement plans and actions and those of other eras? What about the fear and hysteria that seems …
Sadomasochism: Descent Into Darkness, Annotated Accounts Of Cases, 1996-2014, Robert Peters
Sadomasochism: Descent Into Darkness, Annotated Accounts Of Cases, 1996-2014, Robert Peters
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
A collection of accounts of sadomasochistic sexual abuse from news reports and scholarly and professional sources about the dark underbelly of sadomasochism and the pornography that contributes to it. It focuses on crimes and other harmful sexual behavior related to the pursuit of sadistic sexual pleasure in North America and the U.K. It is intended to be a resource to educate people about how sadomasochism can lead to harmful and even deadly sadistic sexual behavior.
Decriminalization Of Prostitution: The Soros Effect, Jody Raphael
Decriminalization Of Prostitution: The Soros Effect, Jody Raphael
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
This article explores the activities of George Soros and his charitable organization, Open Society Foundations (OSF), in advocating for the full decriminalization of the sex trade industry. Research finds that OSF spends only a small amount of money on grass roots “sex worker” groups around the world advocating for full decriminalization, but the foundation awards larger amounts of funds to large human rights groups whose reports and policies have a wider reach. OSF’s rationale for full decriminalization fails to consider violence and coercion in the sex trade industry, misreads research, and does not include research from venues where full decriminalization …
The Death Penalty's Darkside: A Response To Phyllis Goldfarb's Matters Of Strata: Race, Gender, And Class Structures In Capital Cases, Kevin Barry, Bharat Malkani
The Death Penalty's Darkside: A Response To Phyllis Goldfarb's Matters Of Strata: Race, Gender, And Class Structures In Capital Cases, Kevin Barry, Bharat Malkani
Washington and Lee Law Review Online
In Matters of Strata: Race, Gender, and Class Structures in Capital Cases, Professor Phyllis Goldfarb examines the ways in which race, class, and gender affect the American criminal justice system generally, and its death penalty system in particular. This Response focuses on one of Goldfarb’s observations: The relationship between slavery and the death penalty. This relationship helps to explain why, over the past four decades, the thirteen states that comprised the former Confederacy have been responsible for nearly all of this nation’s executions. Although the U.S. Supreme Court has repeatedly failed to address the death penalty’s roots in slavery, …
The Inequality Of America‘S Death Penalty: A Crossroads For Capital Punishment At The Intersection Of The Eighth And Fourteenth Amendments, John D. Bessler
The Inequality Of America‘S Death Penalty: A Crossroads For Capital Punishment At The Intersection Of The Eighth And Fourteenth Amendments, John D. Bessler
Washington and Lee Law Review Online
No abstract provided.
Competent Hunger Strikers: Applying The Lessons From Northern Ireland To The Force-Feeding In Guantanamo, Sara Cloon
Competent Hunger Strikers: Applying The Lessons From Northern Ireland To The Force-Feeding In Guantanamo, Sara Cloon
Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy
The United States allows force-feeding of prisoners, regardless of their state of mind or mental health because they deem preservation of life as paramount. In the United Kingdom, a prisoner who is of a sound mind “can be allowed to starve himself to death.”1 This difference is due to the balance between the importance of preservation of life and of the right to self-determination and autonomy in medical decisions. My note will first briefly explore the history of force-feeding prisoners who are protesting for political purposes in both countries, and the relevant cases and statues that led up to the …
Criminal Punishment - Legal And Moral Considerations, S. Oley Cutler, S.J.
Criminal Punishment - Legal And Moral Considerations, S. Oley Cutler, S.J.
The Catholic Lawyer
No abstract provided.
Humane Proposals For Swift And Painless Death, Bryce Buchmann
Humane Proposals For Swift And Painless Death, Bryce Buchmann
Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest
This comment will provide reasons why lethal injection is not the appropriate method of execution in the United States, discuss factors that should be considered in selecting a method of execution and conclude that several alternative methods of punishment are preferable to lethal injection. Part I of this comment will detail the history of lethal injection in the United States and the issues associated with the practice. Part II examines how the government determines which method of execution is appropriate. Finally, Part III provides proposals for more humane punishment and concludes the comment.
Humane Proposals For Swift And Painless Death, Bryce Buchmann
Humane Proposals For Swift And Painless Death, Bryce Buchmann
Richmond Public Interest Law Review
This comment will provide reasons why lethal injection is not the appropriate method of execution in the United States, discuss factors that should be considered in selecting a method of execution and conclude that several alternative methods of punishment are preferable to lethal injection. Part I of this comment will detail the history of lethal injection in the United States and the issues associated with the practice. Part II examines how the government determines which method of execution is appropriate. Finally, Part III provides proposals for more humane punishment and concludes the comment.
Think Twice Before Posting Online: Criminalizing Threats Under 18 U.S.C. § 875(C) After Elonis, 50 J. Marshall L. Rev. 167 (2016), Georgette Geha
Think Twice Before Posting Online: Criminalizing Threats Under 18 U.S.C. § 875(C) After Elonis, 50 J. Marshall L. Rev. 167 (2016), Georgette Geha
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Constitution And Revenge Porn, John A. Humbach
The Constitution And Revenge Porn, John A. Humbach
Pace Law Review
While the Supreme Court has recognized a number of circumstances that justify government impingements on free expression, the Court has been extremely reluctant to permit speech restrictions that discriminate based on a message’s content, its viewpoint, or the speaker. It has nearly always refused to tolerate such discrimination unless the case falls within one of the several historically established exceptions to First Amendment protection. Because of the special place that the modern First Amendment cases accord to content discrimination (and the allied discriminations based on viewpoint and speaker), any statutes designed specifically to outlaw revenge porn as such would seem …
Genocide Denial And The Law: A Critical Appraisal, Paul Behrens
Genocide Denial And The Law: A Critical Appraisal, Paul Behrens
Buffalo Human Rights Law Review
Genocide denial carries particular relevance for international law: it is the negation of international crimes, and it can prepare the ground for new crimes of this kind. But its criminalization raises concerns as well. The danger of a clash with human rights, particularly with the freedom of ex- pression, cannot be dismissed lightly. This article explores reasons for and repercussions of the criminalization of denial. It also investigates alterna- tives, including the use of truth and reconciliation, and evaluates methods that focus on direct confrontation of the deniers.
Taming The Counterfeit Dragon: The Wto, Trips And Chinese Amendments To Intellectual Property Laws, Andrew Evans
Taming The Counterfeit Dragon: The Wto, Trips And Chinese Amendments To Intellectual Property Laws, Andrew Evans
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Increasing Victimization Through Fetal Abuse Redefinition, Margaret Kelly
Increasing Victimization Through Fetal Abuse Redefinition, Margaret Kelly
William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Magnifying Deterrence By Prosecuting Professionals, Scott Schumacher
Magnifying Deterrence By Prosecuting Professionals, Scott Schumacher
Indiana Law Journal
This Article examines the recent series of criminal prosecutions against tax professionals and offshore bankers. These criminal cases, brought against the largest Swiss bank (UBS), the oldest Swiss bank (Wegelin), one of the largest accounting firms in the world (KPMG), as well as numerous lawyers and accountants, represent a dramatic shift for the U.S. Department of Justice. After decades of tolerating abusive tax shelters and tax haven banks, the government changed its policy. However, rather than indicting the individuals and corporations who invested in tax shelters or hid money in offshore accounts, the Justice Department indicted the lawyers, accountants, and …
Investing In Cannabis: Inconsistent Government Regulation And Constraints On Capital, Adrian A. Ohmer
Investing In Cannabis: Inconsistent Government Regulation And Constraints On Capital, Adrian A. Ohmer
Michigan Business & Entrepreneurial Law Review
This note’s focus is on the future of investing in the growing legalized cannabis industry. In Part II, it will provide a brief history of federal and state regulation of cannabis. Part III will discuss the current role of the federal government in regulating the cannabis industry. Part IV will explore the current avenues of access to capital for the cannabis industry. Lastly, Part V will provide suggestions for the federal government and state governments to reduce investment risk that exists in the cannabis industry.
Restorative Justice In The Gilded Age:Shared Principles Underlying Twomovements In Criminal Justice, Ali M. Abid
Restorative Justice In The Gilded Age:Shared Principles Underlying Twomovements In Criminal Justice, Ali M. Abid
American University Criminal Law Brief
No abstract provided.
Salvage Awards On The Somali Coast: Who Pays For Public And Private Rescue Efforts In Piracy Crises?, Geoffrey Christopher Rapp
Salvage Awards On The Somali Coast: Who Pays For Public And Private Rescue Efforts In Piracy Crises?, Geoffrey Christopher Rapp
American University Law Review
This paper, a contribution to the "Troubled Waters: Combating Modern Piracy with the Rule of Law" symposium, explores the question of who pays for rescue efforts associated with maritime piracy. The paper explores the availability of admiralty law's salvage awards to governmental and non-governmental actors who intervene to rescue vessels and crew from pirates. Such awards provide an unusual incentive to rescue, traditionally unavailable for land-based rescue, but may raise complicated questions of policy and international law. The paper concludes by comparing salvage awards to a recent trend in American states to adopt "Search and Rescue" expense statutes allowing governments …
"Why Rebottle The Genie?": Capitalizing On Closure In Death Penalty Proceedings, Jody L. Madeira
"Why Rebottle The Genie?": Capitalizing On Closure In Death Penalty Proceedings, Jody L. Madeira
Indiana Law Journal
Closure, though a term with great rhetorical force in the capital punishment context, has to date evaded systematic analysis, instead becoming embroiled in ideological controversy. For victims who have rubbed the rights lamp for years, inclusion in capital proceedings and accompanying closure opportunities are perceived as a force with the potential to grant wishes of peace and finality. Scholars, however, argue for rebottling the closure genie lest closure itself prove false or its pursuit violate a defendant's constitutional rights. In order to effectively appraise the relationship of closure to criminal jurisprudence, however, and thus to decide whether and to what …
Northern Ireland's Criminal Trials Without Jury: The Diplock Experiment, Carol Daugherty Rasnic
Northern Ireland's Criminal Trials Without Jury: The Diplock Experiment, Carol Daugherty Rasnic
Annual Survey of International & Comparative Law
Northern Ireland's principle of non-jury felony trials is an anomaly in Anglo-American jurisprudence. Indeed, it is unique among common law systems. One British legal scholar has referred to the jury trial as the "paradigm of all [criminal] trials." The exceptional situation in Northern Ireland has resulted from the ongoing "troubles" which, since the late 1960s, have been a prominent feature of life in this small segment of the United Kingdom. Eliminating the jury in trials dealing with terrorist charges was determined to be necessary in dealing with the mounting sectarian violence. Part I of this article summarizes the issue dividing …
How Not To Argue That Reasonable Provocation Is Not An Excuse, Peter K. Westen
How Not To Argue That Reasonable Provocation Is Not An Excuse, Peter K. Westen
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Reid Fontaine draws two conclusions regarding the partial defense to murder of reasonable provocation-one regarding its substantive content, the other regarding its formal classification…. I agree with both of Fontaine's two conclusions, and, indeed, I have previously written to that effect. Unfortunately, while I agree with Fontaine's conclusions, I do not think he adequately supports them.
Limits Of Preventive Detention, The, Rinat Kitai-Sangero
Limits Of Preventive Detention, The, Rinat Kitai-Sangero
McGeorge Law Review
No abstract provided.
"Behind This Mortal Bone": The (In)Effectiveness Of Torture, Jeannine Bell
"Behind This Mortal Bone": The (In)Effectiveness Of Torture, Jeannine Bell
Indiana Law Journal
This Essay addresses the theoretical debate on torture in an empirical way. It urges that as part of our evaluation of the merits of torture, we take a shrewd look at the quality of information brutal interrogations produce. The Essay identifies widespread belief in what the author identifies as the "torture myth "-the idea that torture is the most effective interrogation practice. In reality, in addition to its oft-acknowledged moral and legal problems, the use of torture carries with it a host of practical problems which seriously blunt its effectiveness. This Essay demonstrates that contrary to the myth, torture and …