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Constitutional Legitimacy: Sharia Law, Secularism And The Social Compact, Zia Akhtar
Constitutional Legitimacy: Sharia Law, Secularism And The Social Compact, Zia Akhtar
Indonesia Law Review
This article considers the general points relating to the application of Sharia law which challenges legislators in the political instability of a number of Middle Eastern countries. The question explored is how governments of these countries who are facing discontent can work towards constitutional governance. As an example comparison is made between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and Indonesia with the largest Muslim populations. In Pakistan an inherited Westminster Parliamentary system with a common law codified dated at the time of the British rule is supplemented by criminal penalties as present in the Hudood ordinances. These codes enforce punishments for …
The Democratic Constitutional State Of Indonesia, Pan Mohammad Faiz
The Democratic Constitutional State Of Indonesia, Pan Mohammad Faiz
Indonesia Law Review
The political reform in Indonesia started in 1998 when President Soeharto was forced to resign from his presidential office after 32 years in power. This momentum has transformed Indonesian political culture from an authoritarian state to the third largest democracy in the world after India and United States. It also led to Indonesian constitutional reform which was marked by the amendments of 1945 Constitution for the first time in 1999.