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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
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Canvas: A Fast And Accurate Geometric Sentence Alignment System Using Lexical Cues Within Complex Misalignment Settings, Hussein M. Ghaly
Canvas: A Fast And Accurate Geometric Sentence Alignment System Using Lexical Cues Within Complex Misalignment Settings, Hussein M. Ghaly
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
In this paper, we present a new sentence alignment system (Canvas), which is a Python implementation of a geometric approach to sentence alignment, based on lexical cues. Canvas system is designed mainly to handle parallel texts exhibiting complex misalignment patterns, namely within English-Arabic pairs for United Nations documents. The system relies heavily on pre-indexing words/tokens in the source and target texts, and it creates correspondences between the token indexes. From this point onward, the alignment problem is reduced to a geometric problem of finding the path that runs through the True Correspondence Points (TCPs). The likelihood of a point being …
The Computational Complexity Of Some Games And Puzzles With Theoretical Applications, Vasiliki Despoina Mitsou
The Computational Complexity Of Some Games And Puzzles With Theoretical Applications, Vasiliki Despoina Mitsou
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The subject of this thesis is the algorithmic properties of one- and two-player
games people enjoy playing, such as Sudoku or Chess. Questions asked about puzzles
and games in this context are of the following type: can we design efficient computer
programs that play optimally given any opponent (for a two-player game), or solve
any instance of the puzzle in question?
We examine four games and puzzles and show algorithmic as well as intractability
results. First, we study the wolf-goat-cabbage puzzle, where a man wants to transport
a wolf, a goat, and a cabbage across a river by using a …
Randomized Search Of Graphs In Log Space And Probabilistic Computation, Wen-Ju Cheng
Randomized Search Of Graphs In Log Space And Probabilistic Computation, Wen-Ju Cheng
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Reingold has shown that L = SL, that s-t connectivity in a poly-mixing digraph is complete for promise-RL, and that s-t connectivity for a poly-mixing out-regular digraph with known stationary distribution is in L. Several properties that bound the mixing times of random walks on digraphs have been identified, including the digraph conductance and the digraph spectral expansion. However, rapidly mixing digraphs can still have exponential cover time, thus it is important to specifically identify structural properties of digraphs that effect cover times. We examine the complexity of random walks on a basic parameterized family of unbalanced digraphs called Strong …
Quantum Crystallography Of Hydronium Cations, Sonjae Sycoria Wallace
Quantum Crystallography Of Hydronium Cations, Sonjae Sycoria Wallace
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Cationic hydronium clusters of the form [HaOb]^c,(c>0), have been investigated. After investigating over 2000 crystal structures containing hydronium cations found in the Cambridge Structural Database. The hydronium cationic compounds that were most unusual, mischaracterized, or those of apparent aggregates, were investigated further by geometry optimization and in some cases with the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM). The results of our investigations yielded the first reports of stable conformations of cyclic dihydronium cationic clusters. In a second investigation we reported the first theoretically confirmed transition state of a H7O3+conformer captured within a crystal. A third product from our …
Self-Referentiality In Constructive Semantics Of Intuitionistic And Modal Logics, Junhua Yu
Self-Referentiality In Constructive Semantics Of Intuitionistic And Modal Logics, Junhua Yu
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This thesis explores self-referentiality in the framework of justification logic. In this framework initialed by Artemov, the language has formulas of the form t:F, which means "the term t is a justification of the formula F." Moreover, terms can occur inside formulas and hence it is legal to have t:F(t), which means "the term t is a justification of the formula F about t itself." Expressions like this is not only interesting in the semantics of justification logic, but also, as we will see, necessary in applications of justification logic in formalizing constructive contents implicitly carried by modal and intuitionistic …
Text Extraction From Natural Scene: Methodology And Application, Chucai Yi
Text Extraction From Natural Scene: Methodology And Application, Chucai Yi
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
With the popularity of the Internet and the smart mobile device, there is an increasing demand for the techniques and applications of image/video-based analytics and information retrieval. Most of these applications can benefit from text information extraction in natural scene. However, scene text extraction is a challenging problem to be solved, due to cluttered background of natural scene and multiple patterns of scene text itself. To solve these problems, this dissertation proposes a framework of scene text extraction.
Scene text extraction in our framework is divided into two components, detection and recognition. Scene text detection is to find out the …
Systematic Comparison Of Cross-Lingual Projection Techniques For Low-Density Nlp Under Strict Resource Constraints, Joshua Waxman
Systematic Comparison Of Cross-Lingual Projection Techniques For Low-Density Nlp Under Strict Resource Constraints, Joshua Waxman
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The field of low-density NLP is often approached from an engineering perspective, and evaluations are typically haphazard - considering different architectures, given different languages, and different available resources - without a systematic comparison. The resulting architectures are then tested on the unique corpus and language for which this approach has been designed. This makes it difficult to truly evaluate which approach is truly the "best," or which approaches are best for a given language.
In this dissertation, several state-of-the-art architectures and approaches to low-density language Part-Of-Speech Tagging are reimplemented; all of these techniques exploit a relationship between a high-density (HD) …
The Lived Experience Of Young Adult Burn Survivors' Use Of Social Media, Marie S. Giordano
The Lived Experience Of Young Adult Burn Survivors' Use Of Social Media, Marie S. Giordano
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to illuminate the meaning of social media use by young adult burn survivors. Five females and four males, aged 20-25, who sustained burns > 25%, were interviewed. Van Manen's (1999) phenomenological methodology provided the framework for this study. The meaning of the context of the lived experience is described in the five essential themes of identity, connectivity, social support, making meaning, and privacy. These young adult burn survivors, having experienced the traumatic effects of a burn during adolescence, use social media as a way of expressing their identity, while being cautious about privacy. Part …
Temporal Information Extraction And Knowledge Base Population, Taylor Cassidy
Temporal Information Extraction And Knowledge Base Population, Taylor Cassidy
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Temporal Information Extraction (TIE) from text plays an important role in many Natural Language Processing and Database applications. Many features of the world are time-dependent, and rich temporal knowledge is required for a more complete and precise understanding of the world. In this thesis we address aspects of two core tasks in TIE. First, we provide a new corpus of labeled temporal relations between events and temporal expressions, dense enough to facilitate a change in research directions from relation classification to identification, and present a system designed to address corresponding new challenges. Second, we implement a novel approach for the …
Automated Classification Of Argument Stance In Student Essays: A Linguistically Motivated Approach With An Application For Supporting Argument Summarization, Adam Robert Faulkner
Automated Classification Of Argument Stance In Student Essays: A Linguistically Motivated Approach With An Application For Supporting Argument Summarization, Adam Robert Faulkner
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This study describes a set of document- and sentence-level classification models designed to automate the task of determining the argument stance (for or against) of a student argumentative essay and the task of identifying any arguments in the essay that provide reasons in support of that stance. A suggested application utilizing these models is presented which involves the automated extraction of a single-sentence summary of an argumentative essay. This summary sentence indicates the overall argument stance of the essay from which the sentence was extracted and provides a representative argument in support of that stance.
A novel set …
Bass In Your Face: A Case-Study Exploration Of Networked Culture, Samantha Phyllis Kretmar
Bass In Your Face: A Case-Study Exploration Of Networked Culture, Samantha Phyllis Kretmar
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Using dubstep DJ Bassnectar as a case-study example, this thesis explores the impact of social networks and mobile connectivity. As evidenced by Bassnectar's digitally based approach to experiencing, distributing, and consuming music, these developments have contributed to the shift to a new model I describe as Networked Culture.
Figure 1 is a video highlighting the Bassnectar concert experience. Figure 2 is an audio clip illustrating the "drop" in dubstep. Figure 3 is another audio clip demonstrating the dubstep sound. Figure 4 is an image of an Ableton Live sound library. Figure 5 is an image of Ableton Live's functionality. Figure …
Echolocation: Using Word-Burst Analysis To Rescore Keyword Search Candidates In Low-Resource Languages, Justin Richards
Echolocation: Using Word-Burst Analysis To Rescore Keyword Search Candidates In Low-Resource Languages, Justin Richards
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
State of the art technologies for speech recognition are very accurate for heavily studied languages like English. They perform poorly, though, for languages wherein the recorded archives of speech data available to researchers are relatively scant. In the context of these low-resource languages, the task of keyword search within recorded speech is formidable. We demonstrate a method that generates more accurate keyword search results on low-resource languages by studying a pattern not exploited by the speech recognizer. The word-burst, or burstiness, pattern is the tendency for word utterances to appear together in bursts as conversational topics fluctuate. We give evidence …
Discovering Regularity In Point Clouds Of Urban Scenes, Sam Friedman
Discovering Regularity In Point Clouds Of Urban Scenes, Sam Friedman
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Despite the apparent chaos of the urban environment, cities are actually replete with regularity. From the grid of streets laid out over the earth, to the lattice of windows thrown up into the sky, periodic regularity abounds in the urban scene. Just as salient, though less uniform, are the self-similar branching patterns of trees and vegetation that line streets and fill parks. We propose novel methods for discovering these regularities in 3D range scans acquired by a time-of-flight laser sensor. The applications of this regularity information are broad, and we present two original algorithms. The first exploits the efficiency of …
Analysis Of Dna Motifs In The Human Genome, Yupu Liang
Analysis Of Dna Motifs In The Human Genome, Yupu Liang
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
DNA motifs include repeat elements, promoter elements and gene regulator elements, and play a critical role in the human genome. This thesis describes a genome-wide computational study on two groups of motifs: tandem repeats and core promoter elements.
Tandem repeats in DNA sequences are extremely relevant in biological phenomena and diagnostic tools. Computational programs that discover tandem repeats generate a huge volume of data, which can be difficult to decipher without further organization. A new method is presented here to organize and rank detected tandem repeats through clustering and classification. Our work presents multiple ways of expressing tandem repeats using …
Data-Driven Synthesis Of Animations Of Spatially Inflected American Sign Language Verbs Using Human Data, Pengfei Lu
Data-Driven Synthesis Of Animations Of Spatially Inflected American Sign Language Verbs Using Human Data, Pengfei Lu
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Techniques for producing realistic and understandable animations of American Sign Language (ASL) have accessibility benefits for signers with lower levels of written language literacy. Previous research in sign language animation didn’t address the specific linguistic issue of space use and verb inflection, due to a lack of sufficiently detailed and linguistically annotated ASL corpora, which is necessary for modern data-driven approaches. In this dissertation, a high-quality ASL motion capture corpus with ASL-specific linguistic structures is collected, annotated, and evaluated using carefully designed protocols and well-calibrated motion capture equipment. In addition, ASL animations are modeled, synthesized, and evaluated based on samples …
Lean, Green, And Lifetime Maximizing Sensor Deployment On A Barrier, Peter Michael Terlecky
Lean, Green, And Lifetime Maximizing Sensor Deployment On A Barrier, Peter Michael Terlecky
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Mobile sensors are located on a barrier represented by a line segment, and each sensor has a single energy source that can be used for both moving and sensing. Sensors may move once to their desired destinations and then coverage/communication is commenced. The sensors are collectively required to cover the barrier or in the communication scenario set up a chain of communication from endpoint to endpoint. A sensor consumes energy in movement in proportion to distance traveled, and it expends energy per time unit for sensing in direct proportion to its radius raised to a constant exponent.
The first focus …
Scheduling And Resource Allocation In Wireless Sensor Networks, Yosef Alayev
Scheduling And Resource Allocation In Wireless Sensor Networks, Yosef Alayev
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
In computer science and telecommunications, wireless sensor networks are an active research area. Each sensor in a wireless sensor network has some pre-defined or on demand tasks such as collecting or disseminating data. Network resources, such as broadcast channels, number of sensors, power, battery life, etc., are limited. Hence, a schedule is required to optimally allocate network resources so as to maximize some profit or minimize some cost. This thesis focuses on scheduling problems in the wireless sensor networks environment. In particular, we study three scheduling problems in the wireless sensor networks: broadcast scheduling, sensor scheduling for area monitoring, and …
Automated Learner Classification Through Interface Event Stream And Summary Statistics Analysis, Edgar E. Troudt
Automated Learner Classification Through Interface Event Stream And Summary Statistics Analysis, Edgar E. Troudt
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Reading comprehension is predominately measured through multiple choice examinations. Yet, as we will discuss in this thesis, such exams are often criticized for their inaccuracies. With the advent of "big data" and the rise of ITS (Intelligent Tutoring Systems), increasing focus will be placed on finding dynamic, automated ways of measuring students' aptitude and progress.
This work takes the first step towards automated learner classification based on the application of graphic organizers. We address the following specific problem experimentally: How effectively can we measure task comprehension via human translation of written text into a visual representation on a computer? Can …
Phylogenetic Trees And Their Analysis, Eric Ford
Phylogenetic Trees And Their Analysis, Eric Ford
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Determining the best possible evolutionary history, the lowest-cost phylogenetic tree, to fit a given set of taxa and character sequences using maximum parsimony is an active area of research due to its underlying importance in understanding biological processes. As several steps in this process are NP-Hard when using popular, biologically-motivated optimality criteria, significant amounts of resources are dedicated to both both heuristics and to making exact methods more computationally tractable. We examine both phylogenetic data and the structure of the search space in order to suggest methods to reduce the number of possible trees that must be examined to find …
A Parametrization-Based Surface Reconstruction System For Triangular Mesh Simplification With Application To Large Scale Scenes, Adriana Wise
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The laser scanner is nowadays widely used to capture the geometry of art, animation maquettes, or large architectural, industrial, and land form models. It thus poses specific problems depending on the model scale. This thesis provides a solution for simplification of triangulated data and for surface reconstruction of large data sets, where feature edges provide an obvious segmentation structure. It also explores a new method for model segmentation, with the goal of applying multiresolution techniques to data sets characterized by curvy areas and the lack of clear demarcation features. The preliminary stage of surface segmentation, which takes as input single …