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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
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A Resource Constrained Shortest Paths Approach To Reducing Personal Pollution Exposure, Elling Payne
A Resource Constrained Shortest Paths Approach To Reducing Personal Pollution Exposure, Elling Payne
REU Final Reports
As wildfires surge in frequency and impact in the Pacific Northwest, in tandem with increasingly traffic-choked roads, personal exposure to harmful airborne pollutants is a rising concern. Particularly at risk are school-age children, especially those living in disadvantaged communities near major motorways and industrial centers. Many of these children must walk to school, and the choice of route can effect exposure. Route-planning applications and frameworks utilizing computational shortest paths methods have been proposed which consider personal exposure with reasonable success, but few have focused on pollution exposure, and all have been limited in scalability or geographic scope. This paper addresses …
A Computational Model For Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury, Wayne Wakeland, Erin S. Kenzie
A Computational Model For Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury, Wayne Wakeland, Erin S. Kenzie
Systems Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
A computational simulation model calculates estimated recovery trajectories following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Prior publications include a multi-scale conceptual framework for studying concussion, a systems-level causal loop diagram (CLD) and an analysis of key feedback processes. A set of first order ordinary differential equations and their associated parameters determines recovery trajectories. The model contains 15 state variables, 73 auxiliary variables, and 50 parameters describing TBI pathology in an aggregate fashion at the cellular, network, cognitive and social levels. There are 1200 feedback loops, which give rise to a variety of behavior modes, many of which are highly nonlinear. Exogenous parameters …
Event Trend Aggregation Under Rich Event Matching Semantics, Olga Poppe, Chuan Lei, Elke A. Rundensteiner, David Maier
Event Trend Aggregation Under Rich Event Matching Semantics, Olga Poppe, Chuan Lei, Elke A. Rundensteiner, David Maier
Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Streaming applications from cluster monitoring to algorithmic trading deploy Kleene queries to detect and aggregate event trends. Rich event matching semantics determine how to compose events into trends. The expressive power of stateof- the-art streaming systems remains limited since they do not support many of these semantics. Worse yet, they suffer from long delays and high memory costs because they maintain aggregates at a fine granularity. To overcome these limitations, our Coarse-Grained Event Trend Aggregation (Cogra) approach supports a rich variety of event matching semantics within one system. Better yet, Cogra incrementally maintains aggregates at the coarsest granularity possible for …
Good Similar Patches For Image Denoising, Si Lu
Good Similar Patches For Image Denoising, Si Lu
Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Patch-based denoising algorithms like BM3D have achieved outstanding performance. An important idea for the success of these methods is to exploit the recurrence of similar patches in an input image to estimate the underlying image structures. However, in these algorithms, the similar patches used for denoising are obtained via Nearest Neighbour Search (NNS) and are sometimes not optimal. First, due to the existence of noise, NNS can select similar patches with similar noise patterns to the reference patch. Second, the unreliable noisy pixels in digital images can bring a bias to the patch searching process and result in a loss …
High-Speed Video From Asynchronous Camera Array, Si Lu
High-Speed Video From Asynchronous Camera Array, Si Lu
Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
This paper presents a method for capturing high-speed video using an asynchronous camera array. Our method sequentially fires each sensor in a camera array with a small time offset and assembles captured frames into a high-speed video according to the time stamps. The resulting video, however, suffers from parallax jittering caused by the viewpoint difference among sensors in the camera array. To address this problem, we develop a dedicated novel view synthesis algorithm that transforms the video frames as if they were captured by a single reference sensor. Specifically, for any frame from a non-reference sensor, we find the two …
Artificial Intelligence Hits The Barrier Of Meaning, Melanie Mitchell
Artificial Intelligence Hits The Barrier Of Meaning, Melanie Mitchell
Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Today’s AI systems sorely lack the essence of human intelligence: Understanding the situations we experience, being able to grasp their meaning. The lack of humanlike understanding in machines is underscored by recent studies demonstrating lack of robustness of state-of-the-art deep-learning systems. Deeper networks and larger datasets alone are not likely to unlock AI’s “barrier of meaning”; instead the field will need to embrace its original roots as an interdisciplinary science of intelligence.
Strategic Technology Planning In Product-Service Systems With Embedded Customer Experience Requirements, Soheil Zarrin, Tugrul Daim
Strategic Technology Planning In Product-Service Systems With Embedded Customer Experience Requirements, Soheil Zarrin, Tugrul Daim
Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations
The undeniable impact of Artificial Intelligence and Internet of things on value proposition and offerings of firms, drive many strategic initiatives in organizations to design solutions which integrate products and services. Since designing Product-Service Systems inherently introduce high level of complexity and adding artificial intelligence requirements as one of the influential factors overcomplicate the long-term planning processes, the strategic planners seek for effective tools to enable them to manage the level of complexity as well as empowering them to communicate the outcomes with the whole organization. In order to achieve this purpose, Technology Roadmaps provides a structured and flexible means …
The Changing Moral Mirror Of Society: From Human To Artifical Intelligent Systems, Gary Langford, Teresa Langford
The Changing Moral Mirror Of Society: From Human To Artifical Intelligent Systems, Gary Langford, Teresa Langford
Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations
Management of technology and its development carry along the responsibility and consequences for interactions between Human and Artificial Intelligent Systems (AIS). In spite of all good intentions, the effects and repercussions of conflicts between Human and the systems built with intent to assist Human may be proceeding along the path that will recognize a dismal mistake in judgment. Dreadful and intolerable impositions on Human behavior may arise regardless of how AIS is designed. That is not to say progress should cease, but rather to make the case that intensely determined efforts need to delve into the uses and implications of …
Contingent Requirements For Artifical Intelligent Systems Development, Gary Langford, Herman Migliore
Contingent Requirements For Artifical Intelligent Systems Development, Gary Langford, Herman Migliore
Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations
A substantial portion of project failures are due to poorly defined requirements before enough is known about pragmatic end-item product capability, technology maturity, or development strategy. Process models either start with requirements or are weakly structured to elicit and derive actual stakeholder needs and to establish incontrovertible requirements. Existing process models are used acceptably for systems but are wholly inadequate for system and system of systems requirements that involve interactions with humans at a personal level. Problems with products and services are notable when artificial intelligent systems are put into use. Rather than establishing a technology baseline then working up …
Domain Process Model Overcome Limitations Of Engineering Models For Developing Artificial Intelligent Systems, Gary O. Langford, John Green, Daniel P. Burns, Alexander Keller, Dean C. Schmidt
Domain Process Model Overcome Limitations Of Engineering Models For Developing Artificial Intelligent Systems, Gary O. Langford, John Green, Daniel P. Burns, Alexander Keller, Dean C. Schmidt
Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations
The integrated set of prognostic domains (ISPD) of technology presented here provides a normative means to construct a wholly new process model for guiding Technology Management of Artificial Intelligent Systems (AIS). Seventeen domains represent all-inclusive stakeholder perspectives that encapsulate lifecycle analyses, evaluations, feasibilities, and tradeoffs with the domain contexts. Following Systems Model-Based thinking (SMBT), a postulated focal point interaction is the entry condition from which each domain is considered and thereafter traversed. Domains are interactive with each other through concurrent, iterative, recursive, and non-recursive processes. This interactive work continues until the completion milestones of each domain are satisfied. Techniques such …
Good Similar Patches For Image Denoising (Poster), Si Lu
Good Similar Patches For Image Denoising (Poster), Si Lu
Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Patch-based denoising algorithms like BM3D have achieved outstanding performance. An important idea for the success of these methods is to exploit the recurrence of similar patches in an input image to estimate the underlying image structures....
High-Speed Video From Asynchronous Camera Array (Poster), Si Lu
High-Speed Video From Asynchronous Camera Array (Poster), Si Lu
Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Poster presented at: 2019 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)
Joint Stabilization And Direction Of 360° Videos, Chengzhou Tang, Oliver Wang, Feng Liu, Ping Tan
Joint Stabilization And Direction Of 360° Videos, Chengzhou Tang, Oliver Wang, Feng Liu, Ping Tan
Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Three-hundred-sixty-degree (360°) video provides an immersive experience for viewers, allowing them to freely explore the world by turning their head. However, creating high-quality 360° video content can be challenging, as viewers may miss important events by looking in the wrong direction, or they may see things that ruin the immersion, such as stitching artifacts and the film crew. We take advantage of the fact that not all directions are equally likely to be observed; most viewers are more likely to see content located at “true north,” i.e., in front of them, due to ergonomic constraints. We therefore propose 360° video …
Context-Aware Synthesis For Video Frame Interpolation, Simon Niklaus, Feng Liu
Context-Aware Synthesis For Video Frame Interpolation, Simon Niklaus, Feng Liu
Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Video frame interpolation algorithms typically estimate optical flow or its variations and then use it to guide the synthesis of an intermediate frame between two consecutive original frames. To handle challenges like occlusion, bidirectional flow between the two input frames is often estimated and used to warp and blend the input frames. However, how to effectively blend the two warped frames still remains a challenging problem. This paper presents a context-aware synthesis approach that warps not only the input frames but also their pixel-wise contextual information and uses them to interpolate a high-quality intermediate frame. Specifically, we first use a …