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State Criminal Laws Could Be A Light In The Dark For The Hidden Victims Of Forced Marriage, Rebekah Marcarelli
State Criminal Laws Could Be A Light In The Dark For The Hidden Victims Of Forced Marriage, Rebekah Marcarelli
Journal of Civil Rights and Economic Development
(Excerpt)
“There’s something you need to know about me . . . I am dead,” said Fraidy Reiss, a survivor of an abusive forced marriage, as she stood alone on a stage, speaking to a crowd. “I know what you’re thinking, [I don’t] look particularly dead . . . you might want to tell that to my family [because] they declared me dead almost thirteen years ago.”
Reiss, who founded the organization Unchained at Last to help forced marriage victims like herself, grew up in an ultra-Orthodox Jewish community in Brooklyn. Right after finishing high school, Reiss was asked to …
Sanctions As Virtue-Signaling: Transitioning From Symbolism To Reparation For Rohingya Genocide Victim, Kelsey Peden
Sanctions As Virtue-Signaling: Transitioning From Symbolism To Reparation For Rohingya Genocide Victim, Kelsey Peden
American University International Law Review
Kyi sat on the banks of the Inya Lake, saying goodbye to the place they said was no longer her home. The government of Myanmar had given her an option: leave or be arrested. She felt lucky to leave; most activists she knew did not get a warning first. A few kilometers away, her parents’ graves sat cleaned, adorned with fresh flowers. She hoped her sister would keep up the task in her absence, but she hadn’t been able to get ahold of her in quite some time. The feeling of the country was getting more concerned—"frantic" she explained, laughing, …
The Slippery Concept Of "Object And Purpose" In International Criminal Law, Patrick J. Keenan
The Slippery Concept Of "Object And Purpose" In International Criminal Law, Patrick J. Keenan
American University International Law Review
In little more than twenty-five years, the field of international criminal law has grown from a small slice of public international law into a functioning system of international justice, complete with multiple juridical bodies and substantial scholarly attention. Building on the legacy of the Nuremberg Tribunals and drawing from international humanitarian law, human rights law, and domestic criminal law principles, international criminal law has become its own discipline. Creating any new field of law is a complicated endeavor; this is especially true when the field affects and is affected by so many politically sensitive issues. Throughout this doctrinal experiment, one …
Sentencing Persons Convicted Of Minor Offences In Ghana: Reducing Judicial Over-Reliance On Imprisonment, Nenyo Kwasitsu
Sentencing Persons Convicted Of Minor Offences In Ghana: Reducing Judicial Over-Reliance On Imprisonment, Nenyo Kwasitsu
LLM Theses
This thesis argues that there is overuse of imprisonment for minor offenders in Ghana. These are offenders whose punishments go up to 3 years of jail time, essentially offending mainly for reasons of material poverty. Statutory sentencing provisions have essentially limited judges to impose jail terms. It is argued that one way to decongest Ghana’s prisons is to consider the institutionalization of a regime of community service orders and probation, the administration of which would equip the offenders with income-earning skills while they also reform. Drawing on Kenya, a country that has achieved reasonable success in this reform effort, this …
The Meaning Of Wrongdoing - A Crime Of Disrespecting The Flag: Grounds For Preserving National Unity, Mohammed Saif-Alden Wattad
The Meaning Of Wrongdoing - A Crime Of Disrespecting The Flag: Grounds For Preserving National Unity, Mohammed Saif-Alden Wattad
San Diego International Law Journal
To conclude on this issue, the rights of others, as individuals and as a whole, are formulated as the social protected interest that criminal law seeks to protect through criminal means, and it is with these rights that criminal law theory should be concerned in the first level of scrutiny. However, in the second level of scrutiny, an additional set of rights are brought into play; these are the rights of the individual, namely the actor, to exercise their constitutional rights e.g., free speech, liberty, free exercise of religion. The second level of scrutiny requires balancing those rights with the …
A Brief Summary And Critique Of Criminal Liability Rules For Intoxicated Conduct, Paul H. Robinson
A Brief Summary And Critique Of Criminal Liability Rules For Intoxicated Conduct, Paul H. Robinson
All Faculty Scholarship
This essay provides an overview of the legal issues relating to intoxication, including the effect of voluntary intoxication in imputing to an offender a required offense culpable state of mind that he may not actually have had at the time of the offense; the effect of involuntary intoxication in providing a defense by negating a required offense culpability element or by satisfying the conditions of a general excuse; the legal effect of alcoholism or addiction in rendering intoxication involuntary; and the limitation on using alcoholism or addiction in this way if the offender can be judged to be reasonably responsible …
The Evolution Of Pattern Of Criminalizing The Unknown Crime Of Rape In Global Scale, Sahar Jalili
The Evolution Of Pattern Of Criminalizing The Unknown Crime Of Rape In Global Scale, Sahar Jalili
SJD Dissertations
Rape is a crime globally condemned, yet it's one of the most controversial crimes at the time. What this research did was to gather the information of countries' rape laws in their penal codes from all over the world and create a pattern of how countries on a global scale criminalize rape and how far they have changed in the past century. The goal was to produce a rape criminalization map of the world to show which elements are playing the main factors and which factors are missing, how close countries define rape and how different their reactions are.
The …
Reforming The Death Penalty In Egypt: An Islamic Law Perspective, Gaber Mohamed
Reforming The Death Penalty In Egypt: An Islamic Law Perspective, Gaber Mohamed
Maurer Theses and Dissertations
The main goal of this thesis is to reform the imposition of the death penalty in the Egyptian legal system through the tools and theories of Islamic law. This subject will be discussed in three main chapters: The first chapter will be a survey of the current application of the death penalty in the Egyptian legal system, including the death penalty’s history, laws, courts, appeals, legal procedures, and general comments on the current application of the penalty. The second chapter will be about the death penalty in Islamic law – including the sources of Islamic law, the crimes that merit …
The French Prosecutor As Judge. The Carpenter’S Mistake?, Mathilde Cohen
The French Prosecutor As Judge. The Carpenter’S Mistake?, Mathilde Cohen
Mathilde Cohen
Environmental Crimes And Imprisonment: Does Prison Work To Prevent And Punish Environmental Criminals?, Rafael Wolff
Environmental Crimes And Imprisonment: Does Prison Work To Prevent And Punish Environmental Criminals?, Rafael Wolff
Dissertations & Theses
Environmental degradation is a global problem. Humans need natural resources to survive and, as those resources are limited, humans’ use of these resources should respect a sustainable pace established by law. There are many approaches to addressing environmental degradation that do not honor the legal limitations and one of them is through criminal law. The question that is posed in this thesis is whether imprisonment, one of the most severe methods of punishment, is a suitable option to repress and prevent environmental crimes.
This thesis is divided in three chapters. The first chapter discusses why environmental crimes are relevant. It …
Criminal Responsibility For Arbitrators In Chinese Law: Perversion Of Law In Commercial Arbitration, Duan Xiaosong
Criminal Responsibility For Arbitrators In Chinese Law: Perversion Of Law In Commercial Arbitration, Duan Xiaosong
Pace International Law Review
This article is prompted by a recent Chinese criminal provision governing the impartiality of arbitration. The goals of the article fare to critically examine the new criminal statute created by the provision and to put forward some proposals for reform, which could be employed to resolve the tension that exists between arbitrator impartiality and deference to arbitration. Although the new provision appears to eliminate the abuse of arbitral power, it may raise more questions than it resolves. This article explores the problems and undertakes a comparative analysis of the corresponding U.S. provision, as well as an analysis of some cultural …
Public Opinion And The Abolition Or Retention Of The Death Penalty Why Is The United States Different?, Sara Sun Beale
Public Opinion And The Abolition Or Retention Of The Death Penalty Why Is The United States Different?, Sara Sun Beale
Faculty Scholarship
What explains the difference between the United States and the many other countries that have abolished capital punishment? Because the United States and many other nations that have abolished the death penalty are democracies, there seems to be an obvious answer: abolition or retention reflects the preferences of the electorate. According to this view, the U.S. electorate is simply more punitive, and the question becomes explaining the difference in national attitudes. There is some truth to this explanation. As I have argued elsewhere, the U.S. public generally does favor punitive criminal justice policies. But that cannot be the whole story. …
Law, Language, Crime, And Culture: The Value And Risks Of Comparative Law, Christopher L. Blakesley
Law, Language, Crime, And Culture: The Value And Risks Of Comparative Law, Christopher L. Blakesley
Scholarly Works
Words, language, culture, and literature are so important to us human beings that it should come as little surprise that they are part of our law. This article considers language and law in general with a focus on issues of criminal justice, both domestic and international. I examine how and why comparative law is valuable in a criminal procedure course, and generally for domestic and international criminal justice. My examination begins by looking back to our common roots in crime, punishment, and expiation, with a special focus on the role of torture and its impact on current criminal justice systems. …
Due Process In Islamic Criminal Law, Sadiq Reza
Due Process In Islamic Criminal Law, Sadiq Reza
Faculty Scholarship
Rules and principles of due process in criminal law--how to, and how not to, investigate crime and criminal suspects, prosecute the accused, adjudicate criminal cases, and punish the convicted--appear in the traditional sources of Islamic law: the Quran, the Sunna, and classical jurisprudence. But few of these rules and principles are followed in the modern-day practice of Islamic criminal law. Rather, states that claim to practice Islamic criminal law today mostly follow laws and practices of criminal procedure that were adopted from European nations in the twentieth century, without reference to the constraints and protections of Islamic law itself. To …
The Logic And Limits Of Environmental Criminal Law In The Global Setting: Brazil And The United States--Comparisons, Contrasts, And Questions In Search Of A Robust Theory, Robert F. Blomquist
The Logic And Limits Of Environmental Criminal Law In The Global Setting: Brazil And The United States--Comparisons, Contrasts, And Questions In Search Of A Robust Theory, Robert F. Blomquist
Law Faculty Publications
Strict but arguably unfair and counterproductive systems of criminal environmental law and enforcement exist in both the United States and Brazll in the twenty-first century. In order to create a sovereignty dividend encompassing the rule of law and evenhanded administrative control in the competitive global setting, both countries should rethink and reform their respective systems of environmental criminal law by seeking answers to several questions of legal philosophy in search of a robust theory.
Public And Private Justice: Redressing Health Care Harm In Japan, Robert B. Leflar
Public And Private Justice: Redressing Health Care Harm In Japan, Robert B. Leflar
Robert B Leflar
Japanese legal structures addressing health care-related deaths and injuries rely more on public law institutions and rules than do the common-law North American jurisdictions, where private law adjudication is predominant. This article explores four developments in 21st-century Japanese health care law. The first two are in the public law sphere: criminal prosecutions of health care personnel accused of medical errors, and a health ministry-sponsored “Model Project” to analyze medical-practice-associated deaths. The article addresses a private law innovation: health care divisions of trial courts in several metropolitan areas. Finally, the article introduces Japan’s new no-fault program for compensating birth-related obstetrical injuries. …
The Method And Role Of Comparative Law, Edward J. Eberle
The Method And Role Of Comparative Law, Edward J. Eberle
Law Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Proportionality In The Criminal Law: The Differing American Versus Canadian Approaches To Punishment, Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker
Proportionality In The Criminal Law: The Differing American Versus Canadian Approaches To Punishment, Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
No abstract provided.
Criminal Performances: Film, Autobiography, And Confession, Jessica Silbey
Criminal Performances: Film, Autobiography, And Confession, Jessica Silbey
Faculty Scholarship
This article questions the criminal justice emphasis on filmed confession as the superlative evidentiary proffer that promotes accuracy and minimizes unconstitutional coercion by comparing filmed confessions to autobiographical film. It suggests that analyzing filmed confessions as a kind of autobiographical film exposes helpful tensions between the law's reliance on confession as revealing the inner self and the literary and filmic conception of confession as constituting one self among many. Through a close examination of several filmed confessions along side an examination of the history of autobiographical writing and film, this article shows how filmed confessions do not reveal the truthfulness …
Child Pornography In Canada And The United States: The Myth Of Right Answers, Travis Johnson
Child Pornography In Canada And The United States: The Myth Of Right Answers, Travis Johnson
Dalhousie Law Journal
Child pornography is an increasing worldwide concern and is one of the most active fronts in the ongoing battle between freedom of expression and public safety and morality. In 2005, the child pornography provisions of the Canadian Criminal Code were amended in response to the controversial decision of the Supreme Court in R. v. Sharpe. Similar legislative response has occurred in the United States following the U.S. Supreme Court decision inAshcroft v. Free Speech Coalition. A comparative examination of the legislative and judicial treatments of the issue of child pornography in these countries reveals that despite reaching differing rights-balancing positions, …
A Miscarriage Of Justice In Massachusetts: Eyewitness Identification Procedures, Unrecorded Admissions, And A Comparison With English Law, Stanley Z. Fisher, Ian K. Mckenzie
A Miscarriage Of Justice In Massachusetts: Eyewitness Identification Procedures, Unrecorded Admissions, And A Comparison With English Law, Stanley Z. Fisher, Ian K. Mckenzie
Faculty Scholarship
Like many other states, Massachusetts has recently known a number of acknowledged miscarriages of justice. This article examines one of them, the Marvin Mitchell case, in order to ask two questions: "What went wrong?" and "What systemic reforms might have prevented this injustice?" In seeking ideas for reform, we look to English law.
In 1990 Marvin Mitchell was convicted of rape in Massachusetts. Seven years later he became the first Massachusetts prisoner to be exonerated by DNA testing. In this article we describe the two key factors leading to Mitchell's wrongful conviction: faulty eyewitness identification procedures, and inadequate safeguards surrounding …
The Introduction Of Jury Trials And Adversarial Elements Into The Former Soviet Union And Other Inquisitorial Countries, James W. Diehm
The Introduction Of Jury Trials And Adversarial Elements Into The Former Soviet Union And Other Inquisitorial Countries, James W. Diehm
James W. Diehm
Main-Streaming Comparative Criminal Justice: How To Incorporate Comparative And International Concepts And Materials Into Basic Criminal Law And Procedure Courses, Richard S. Frase
Main-Streaming Comparative Criminal Justice: How To Incorporate Comparative And International Concepts And Materials Into Basic Criminal Law And Procedure Courses, Richard S. Frase
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
European Perspectives On The Accused As A Source Of Testimonial Evidence, Gordon Van Kessel
European Perspectives On The Accused As A Source Of Testimonial Evidence, Gordon Van Kessel
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Introduction: Adding A Comparative Perspective To American Criminal Procedure Classes, Albert W. Alschuler
Introduction: Adding A Comparative Perspective To American Criminal Procedure Classes, Albert W. Alschuler
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Comparative Law Symposium: Is There A European Advantage In Criminal Procedure: Preface, Carl M. Selinger
Comparative Law Symposium: Is There A European Advantage In Criminal Procedure: Preface, Carl M. Selinger
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Islamic Law In Sudan: A Comparative Analysis, Kent Benedict Gravelle
Islamic Law In Sudan: A Comparative Analysis, Kent Benedict Gravelle
ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law
Since the late 1970's, Islamic fundamentalism and violence has spread from the Middle East to as far away as Algeria in West Africa and Mindanao, an island in the Philippines.
The O.J. Inquisition: An American Encounter With Continental Criminal Justice, Myron Moskovitz
The O.J. Inquisition: An American Encounter With Continental Criminal Justice, Myron Moskovitz
Publications
October 3, 1995 marked the end of the O.J. Simpson double murder trial, which lasted 474 days and was billed "the trial of the century. " After less than four hours of deliberation, the jury acquitted Mr. Simpson of all charges. The following article is a dramatization of how a case similar to the Simpson trial might be handled by a civil-law European criminal justice system.
Utilizing an unusual format, Professor Myron Moskovitz examines and illustrates the differences between the United States and civil-law European criminal justice systems. The author uses a play script inspired by the events in the …
The Right To A Criminal Appeal In The People's Republic Of China, Margaret Y.K. Woo
The Right To A Criminal Appeal In The People's Republic Of China, Margaret Y.K. Woo
Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies
No abstract provided.
Mcnaghten Rules Ok? The Need For Revision Of The Automatism And Insanity Defenses In English Criminal Law, R. D. Mackay
Mcnaghten Rules Ok? The Need For Revision Of The Automatism And Insanity Defenses In English Criminal Law, R. D. Mackay
Penn State International Law Review
There has been a resurgence of interest in the codification of "craziness" both in the United States and in England. Most recent legislative reforms in the United States have followed in the wake of the jury's verdict in the Hinckley case, whilst in England renewed interest in revising the insanity defense has been prompted by a report to the Law Commission on the codification of the criminal law. The purpose of this article is first to briefly review relevant reforms in the United States; second to critically analyze the present legal position in England; third to discuss English reform proposals; …