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Religion And Ptsd In Puerto Rico Natural Disaster Survivors, Abraham Reynolds
Religion And Ptsd In Puerto Rico Natural Disaster Survivors, Abraham Reynolds
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Religious coping can influence recovery from natural disaster trauma. Participants were recruited from a religiously sponsored university in Puerto Rico, affected by several natural disasters between 2017 and 2020, using an online survey. A significant relationship was found between negative religious coping and changes in mood and cognition, mediated by the effect of worthiness of self. Results indicate that negative religious coping may adversely influence an individual’s view of self and increase PTSD-related changes in mood and cognition. If clinicians only examine a client’s view of self, they may miss the influence of negative religious coping.
Cultural And Psychological Predictors Of Exercise-Treatment Adherence And Hba1c For People With Type 2 Diabetes, Connor M. Nance
Cultural And Psychological Predictors Of Exercise-Treatment Adherence And Hba1c For People With Type 2 Diabetes, Connor M. Nance
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Guided by the theoretical framework of Betancourt’s integrative model The aim of this study is to examine the relations among sociodemographic, cultural beliefs (i.e., cultural inhibitors of exercise), diabetes social support, and psychological factors (i.e., exercise self-efficacy, diabetes distress), as predictors of treatment adherence (biological and self-reported frequency) in a diverse population with Type-II Diabetes. It was hypothesized that: (1) cultural inhibitors of exercise and diabetes social support would predict exercise treatment adherence directly and/or indirectly via exercise self-efficacy; and (2) diabetes social support would predict HbA1c via the direct and/or indirect effect of diabetes distress. Findings suggest that both …
Factors Related To Cognitive Reserve In Healthy Older Adults, Ann Tram Nguyen
Factors Related To Cognitive Reserve In Healthy Older Adults, Ann Tram Nguyen
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Background. Physical and cognitive impairments are two of the most prevalent age-related conditions, with evidence that both factors interact prior to or concurrently with the earliest detectable stages of cognitive impairment. Cognitive reserve (CR) allows an individual to cope more successfully with age-related brain and functional changes and is associated with better cognitive function and reduced risk of cognitive decline. However, it remains unclear to date the specific roles of individual markers of CR, and whether or not this relationship is modified by genetic risk (ApoE-4 genotype) and/or physical function. Method. We assessed cognitive functioning (global cognition, psychomotor …
Therapists’ Willingness To Access Client Social Media Accounts In The Context Of Suicide Risk, Jacob A. Vermeersch
Therapists’ Willingness To Access Client Social Media Accounts In The Context Of Suicide Risk, Jacob A. Vermeersch
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The past two decades has seen a proliferation of social media use, leading to a growing body of research on the potential utility for clinical contexts. In the current study, we examine willingness of psychologists to utilize client social media to inform suicide risk-assessment and risk-related treatment decisions, and the ethical principles they used to guide their considerations. Participants were asked of the likelihood they would engage in 1) a social media-informed risk assessment, where the therapist uses client social media to inform their initial determination of risk level, and 2) a digital welfare check, where the therapist accesses an …
Chronic Disease And Its Relationship With Elder Mistreatment, Ryan Wong
Chronic Disease And Its Relationship With Elder Mistreatment, Ryan Wong
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The relationship between chronic disease and elder mistreatment was investigated using a meta-analytic approach, where 48 studies were utilized for the random effects analysis of 178 effect size data. Twelve risk markers were combined into four categories: endocrine disease, heart disease, neurological disease, and other chronic diseases for comparative analysis of elder mistreatment. Neurological disease (OR = 1.51) was found to have a significantly stronger association with elder mistreatment when compared to the heart disease category (OR = 1.17) and the other chronic disease category (OR = 1.26). When specifically investigating emotional abuse, there was a significantly stronger association with …
The Development Of A Therapeutic Alliance Focused Intervention, Amanda L. Mendez
The Development Of A Therapeutic Alliance Focused Intervention, Amanda L. Mendez
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The therapeutic working alliance is defined as the collaborative relationship between the therapist and the patient. This relationship largely determines whether the patient experiences therapy as helpful or unhelpful in reaching their agreed upon goals. The relationship between the therapeutic alliance and psychotherapy outcome has been well documented in the literature. The therapeutic alliance is considered a “main curative component” in the interpersonal process of therapy, and is the foundation necessary for successful therapy outcomes across various orientations of psychotherapy. Still, far less research has examined the relationship between specific therapist personality characteristics and the quality of the therapeutic alliance. …
The Effects Of A Polyphenol-Rich Diet In A Fruit-Fly Model Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Alexandra D. Trofimova
The Effects Of A Polyphenol-Rich Diet In A Fruit-Fly Model Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Alexandra D. Trofimova
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death in the United States. Inflammation and oxidative stress activated by the TBI can lead to systemic inflammation. Gastrointestinal complications are common secondary injuries to TBI and are associated with elevated levels of common pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress found across the body. Intestinal permeability after TBI has also been established in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Pomegranate polyphenols have strong anti-inflammatory properties that may reduce brain and intestinal inflammation and improve functioning after TBI. This study examined the protective effects of pomegranate polyphenol supplementation in a Drosophila model of TBI. …
Religious Doubt As A Mediator Of The Relationship Between Religious Identity And Well-Being, Jedd P. Alejandro
Religious Doubt As A Mediator Of The Relationship Between Religious Identity And Well-Being, Jedd P. Alejandro
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The successful development of an identity is related to greater well-being (Beyers & Luyckx, 2016; Crocetti, 2017; Kroger & Marcia, 2011; Luyckx et al., 2013; Ritchie et al., 2013). Identity development is likely influenced by religious doubt associated with conflicts or contradictions between religion and other domains, such as science (Cook, Kimball, Leonard, & Boyatzis, 2014; Puffer et al., 2008; Ritchie et al., 2013). The aim of the current study was to examine religious doubt as a mediator of the relationship between identity and well-being among emerging adults. Participants (N = 122) included undergraduate students who identified as Christian. Participants …
An Examination Of The Neural Basis Of Self-Reflectivity In Schizophrenia, Britan M. Heavrin
An Examination Of The Neural Basis Of Self-Reflectivity In Schizophrenia, Britan M. Heavrin
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Metacognition is a term that refers to the act of thinking about thinking. The self-reflective aspect of metacognition specifically, has been shown to be impaired in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. The Default Mode Network (DMN) is a set of cortical regions that demonstrate coordinated activation during the resting state of the brain. The DMN has been linked with various aspects of self-awareness and has been hypothesized as a possible source of dysfunction in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. The current study bridged these findings by using electrophysiological measures to investigate the neural basis of self-reflectivity in a psychiatric group. A Repeated …
Adverse Childhood Experiences And Depressive Symptoms: Protective Effects Of Dietary Flavonoids, Alison Tan
Adverse Childhood Experiences And Depressive Symptoms: Protective Effects Of Dietary Flavonoids, Alison Tan
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) researchers report that childhood adversity is relatively common, often co-occurs with multiple types of exposures, and has a dose-response relationship to many leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the U.S. Prolonged exposure to stress during early brain development can lead to inflammation and oxidative stress that disrupts brain functioning associated with depressive symptoms. Flavonoids may protect the brain through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and additional mechanisms to assist in the survival, maintenance, and growth of neurons. Thus, flavonoids may buffer depressive symptoms after ACEs exposure. In the current longitudinal study, we will examine the relationship between …
Nonsexual Boundary Crossings In Psychotherapy: Factors In Ethical Decision-Making, Katherine S. H. Wu
Nonsexual Boundary Crossings In Psychotherapy: Factors In Ethical Decision-Making, Katherine S. H. Wu
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Seminal ethics studies in psychology have evidenced significant variance among practitioners in their ethical attitudes toward and engagement in various nonsexual boundary crossings; they have also identified therapist and client factors that account for some of that variance (Borys & Pope, 1989; Pope, Tabachnick, & Keith-Spiegel, 1987). Boundary crossings, as defined by Gutheil and Gabbard (1993), are deviations from common clinical practices that are not necessarily unethical. Examples of traditional crossings include nonsexual touch and nonsexual multiple relationships. This study was designed to update the literature regarding nonsexual boundary crossings in light of contemporary study designs and demographic categories, significant …
Comparison Of Neurofeedback Treatment On Ptsd Symptoms Within Military And Non-Military Populations, Lelah S. Villalpando
Comparison Of Neurofeedback Treatment On Ptsd Symptoms Within Military And Non-Military Populations, Lelah S. Villalpando
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Novel, effective, and accessible therapeutic interventions for treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms are in demand given the significant physical and psychosocial impairment associated with the disorder. Although PTSD is largely treated using various forms of cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment-resistance, or non-response, rates continue to remain high. Research has shown that talk-therapies can often trigger the limbic system, keeping it in a continual state of fight or flight. Consequently, many trauma survivors are motivated to consider alternative treatments for PTSD, such as artifact corrected EEG neurofeedback training, shifting the primary focus of the intervention away from the emotional part of …
Exploring The Effects Of Age In A Drosophila Melanogaster Model Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Andrea Maria Briseño
Exploring The Effects Of Age In A Drosophila Melanogaster Model Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Andrea Maria Briseño
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and can lead to immediate and long-term behavioral, physical, and cognitive deficits. Our laboratory has previously characterized the neuropathological and behavioral consequences of mild-to-severe TBI in rodents of varying ages. To develop a high-throughput platform upon which to test the effects of therapeutic interventions, we have recently begun to assess behavior and physiological parameters in a Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) model using a simple spring-loaded high impact trauma (HIT) device as a model of blunt force trauma. Drosophila (young, middle, and old) received either TBI or a …
The Relationship Between Cognitive Function And Activities Of Daily Living, Pamela V. Lorenzo
The Relationship Between Cognitive Function And Activities Of Daily Living, Pamela V. Lorenzo
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Dementia is a cognitive disorder that can be caused by several underlying diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and vascular disease. Dementia is not only characterized by declines in cognition, but is also associated with declines in instrumental and basic activities of daily living (ADLs). Cognitive decline generally begins prior to any declines in ADLs, and as cognitive impairments progress, the ability to independently perform ADLs begins to decline as well. Accurate assessment of ADL functioning, though critical to the diagnosis of dementia, can be difficult with the use of self-report measures. One objective measure of ADLs is the Functional Independence Measure …
Education And Social Support As Mediators Of Function And Cognition In Patients With Schizophrenia, Spring Flores Johnson
Education And Social Support As Mediators Of Function And Cognition In Patients With Schizophrenia, Spring Flores Johnson
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Schizophrenia affects an estimated 1% of the population worldwide and the devastating symptoms impact a patient’s daily functioning, social and interpersonal relationships, cognitive abilities, and overall quality of life (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Additionally, patients with schizophrenia can struggle to maintain employment and live independently due to low cognitive ability and functional capacity. Given the pervasive and deleterious impact of schizophrenia, it is imperative to address the functional toll this diagnosis can have on those suffering with the disorder to develop helpful strategies that increase functional capability. The goal of this study is to determine the impact symptom severity has …
Fatalism And Pain Experience In Hispanic And Non-Hispanic White Patients With Chronic Pain, Esmeralda Ibette Nuñez
Fatalism And Pain Experience In Hispanic And Non-Hispanic White Patients With Chronic Pain, Esmeralda Ibette Nuñez
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The purpose of this dissertation was to explore fatalistic beliefs about pain among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients with chronic pain in order to assess the assertion that fatalism is a uniquely important cultural determinant of pain experience among Hispanics. Hypotheses were that across both Hispanic and NHW patients, lower socioeconomic status and lack of access to a usual source of healthcare for chronic pain, rather than ethnicity, would relate to greater pain fatalism. Secondly, it was hypothesized that greater pain fatalism would relate to higher pain severity and pain interference for both groups. Pearson product-moment correlations were used …
Religious Orientation, Social Identity, And Reactions To Religious Disaffiliation, Alexander Daniel Larson
Religious Orientation, Social Identity, And Reactions To Religious Disaffiliation, Alexander Daniel Larson
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Researchers are noting that within the past two decades Americans are increasingly identifying as nonreligious and are reporting an awareness of the secularization of American life. Many individuals who no longer identify as religious and leave their religious communities, called religious disaffiliates, report being shunned and negatively judged by fellow church members, and research suggests that church members often make negative attributions towards religious disaffiliates. Within the context of the Seventh-day Adventist church, Ryan Bell’s recent public process of religious disaffiliation, the Year Without God, sparked a wide range of reactions from Christians nationwide. The current research aimed to add …
The Role Of Therapeutic Processes Within Mbsr For Parents Of Children With Developmental Delays, Grant Griffin Boostrom
The Role Of Therapeutic Processes Within Mbsr For Parents Of Children With Developmental Delays, Grant Griffin Boostrom
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Parents of children with developmental delays (DD) report higher levels of stress than parents of typically developing children, and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has proven effective at reducing stress in parents of children with DD. However, therapeutic processes that have been shown to be responsible for therapeutic change across treatment modalities have not been investigated within this context. This pilot study utilizes archival data from two phases of the Mindful Awareness for Parenting Stress Project to investigate the role of therapeutic processes within a MBSR intervention for parents of children with DD. Results indicated that therapeutic process variables were not …
The Relationship Between Psychotherapist Personality And Therapeutic Alliance, Michael Finlay
The Relationship Between Psychotherapist Personality And Therapeutic Alliance, Michael Finlay
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Time-limited effective psychotherapy is a topic that is frequently addressed in clinical therapy research. Though a wide range of therapeutic factors, expectancy effects, techniques, and extratherapeutic have all been demonstrated to be related to outcome, researchers have consistently identified the therapeutic alliance as one of the strongest factors in predicting psychotherapy outcomes. Researchers are beginning to measure the effectiveness of therapy by evaluating improvements in outcome measures, and client reported therapeutic alliance. Researchers have recently began investigating the common personality profiles among psychotherapists, and have hypothesized that there is a relationship between psychotherapist personality and therapeutic alliance. The goal of …
Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4-Revised In Asian Americans, Dean Lim
Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4-Revised In Asian Americans, Dean Lim
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Prior research has indicated that the prevalence of eating disorders, which are recognized as one of most lethal psychological disorders with an approximately 20% mortality rate, are increasing among Asian Americans with rates comparable to those of the general population in the United States. However, research has also suggested that Asian Americans may not be fully reporting symptoms related to eating disorders because of sociocultural stigma and the desire to uphold cultural values, such as interdependence, harmony within the community, humility, and emotional restraint. The SATAQ-4R is a widely-used measure of sociocultural influences on body image and eating disturbance, which …
Neurocognitive And Psychosocial Effects Of Repeated Concussions In Children And Adolescents, Shina Halavi
Neurocognitive And Psychosocial Effects Of Repeated Concussions In Children And Adolescents, Shina Halavi
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
In the United States, an estimated 1.7 million people sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) annually. About 75% of these TBIs are mild, which are referred to as “concussions.” This study assessed the neurocognitive and psychosocial effects of repeated concussions in children and adolescents and their interactions with age and gender. It also assessed the correlation between psychosocial functioning and neurocognitive functioning. Given the paucity of research on the effects of concussion in the developing brain, the current study characterized the neurocognitive and psychosocial effects of concussion in young populations. The overarching hypothesis stated that repeated concussions would induce more …
Evaluating Cognitive Changes In Patients Receiving Outpatient Alcohol Treatment, Michelle Mcdonnell
Evaluating Cognitive Changes In Patients Receiving Outpatient Alcohol Treatment, Michelle Mcdonnell
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Chronic alcohol use has been linked to various physical health concerns, neurological changes, and cognitive deficits. Research has shown that some of these neurologic and cognitive deficits can improve over time following detoxification and abstinence; however, the exact nature or timeline of this recovery process has not been established. The aim of the current study is to identify cognitive deficits and changes present in the alcohol addiction treatment population, the influence of cognitive deficits on treatment completion, and the effect of previous engagement in treatment (which is indicative of previous relapse) on cognitive functioning at both treatment onset and treatment …
Consequences Of Attributions For Unfair Healthcare Treatment Among Culturally Diverse Patients, Nathalie Serna
Consequences Of Attributions For Unfair Healthcare Treatment Among Culturally Diverse Patients, Nathalie Serna
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Ethnic minority and lower SES populations report less positive healthcare encounters and worse health outcomes as compared to higher SES and mainstream populations. In Chile, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the highest in South America and among the indigenous Mapuche population it has quadrupled over the last decade (Perez-Bravo et al., 2001). Research suggests that Mapuches have been historically discriminated in everyday life as well as in healthcare (Alarcon, et al., 2004). Based on Weiner’s attribution theory of motivation and emotion (1986, 1995, 2006) and guided by Betancourt’s integrative model of culture, psychological factors, and …
Parenting Stress And Emotion Dysregulation In Children With Dd: The Role Of Parenting Behaviors, Neilson Chan
Parenting Stress And Emotion Dysregulation In Children With Dd: The Role Of Parenting Behaviors, Neilson Chan
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Parents of children with developmental delays (DD) report higher levels of parenting stress compared to parents of typically developing children. High levels of parenting stress have been associated with negative outcomes for their children, including higher levels of emotion dysregulation. However, this relationship between parenting stress and child emotion dysregulation has rarely been examined in families of children with DD. Additionally, the mechanisms through which parenting stress influences child emotion dysregulation remain unclear; it may be that parenting stress impacts parenting behaviors (i.e., sensitive and intrusive parenting), which in turn influence the development of the child’s emotion regulatory abilities. In …
Age Of Drinking Initiation’S Association With Cognitive Functioning, Joshua Seth Goldberg
Age Of Drinking Initiation’S Association With Cognitive Functioning, Joshua Seth Goldberg
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Research has indicated that alcohol abuse is associated with deleterious effects on cognitive functioning later in life, specifically in the neuropsychological domains of immediate memory, delayed memory, and attention. However, research has been mixed regarding how age of initiation into problem drinking affects cognitive health after abstinence. This study aimed to identify if earlier age of alcohol abuse was associated with significant deficits in neuropsychological functioning in comparison to individuals who commenced alcohol abuse later in life. Participants were recruited from an alcohol rehabilitation program within Loma Linda University’s Behavioral Medicine Center and were administered the Repeatable Battery for the …
The Effects Of Poverty And Allostatic Load On The Development Of Chronic Disease, Natali Do
The Effects Of Poverty And Allostatic Load On The Development Of Chronic Disease, Natali Do
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Research suggests that there is a significant impact of poverty on poor health outcomes. Poverty is associated with limited access to education and healthcare, increased exposure to violence, and chronic stress that contribute to the development of chronic diseases. The poverty and chronic disease relationship is potentially associated with chronically elevated stress biomarkers. The present study investigated the relationship between demographics, poverty (during childhood, young adulthood, and mid/late adulthood), allostatic load—a cumulative measure of system dysregulation—and the Charlson Comorbidity Index, a measure of chronic disease and mortality, using data from the Biopsychosocial and Religion and Health Study (BRHS; Lee et …
Stress, Depression, Social Support, And Help-Seeking In College Student-Athletes, Clint H. Norseth
Stress, Depression, Social Support, And Help-Seeking In College Student-Athletes, Clint H. Norseth
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Student-athletes have been identified as a distinctive sub-population in universities and colleges that face unique stressors and pressures that may put them at risk for developing mental health problems, including depression, when compared to student non-athletes. However, student-athletes have been found to seek help from mental health professionals less often than student non-athletes. Studies of college students in the general population have shown that social support networks can play an important part in “buffering” or moderating the effect of stress on both depression and help-seeking, which may also be the case for student-athletes. The purpose of the current study is …
Parental Stress, Emotion Regulation, Meta-Emotion, And Changes Following An Mbsr Intervention, Yangmu Xu
Parental Stress, Emotion Regulation, Meta-Emotion, And Changes Following An Mbsr Intervention, Yangmu Xu
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Parents of children with developmental delays (DD) have consistently reported higher rates of parental stress (Dabrowska & Pisula, 2010; Oelofsen & Richardson, 2006). Difficulties with child emotion regulation are often exhibited among children with DD, and the relationship between parental stress and child emotion regulation may be bidirectional. Previous studies have found that underlying thoughts about parent’s own emotions is an important construct that has a direct impact on parental emotional wellbeing and child emotion regulation (Gottman et al., 1996). Furthermore, previous studies suggest that Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), an empirically supported stress-reduction intervention, is efficacious in reducing parenting stress …
Smoking, Adhd, And Problematic Video Game Use: A Structural Modeling Approach, Hyo Jin Lee
Smoking, Adhd, And Problematic Video Game Use: A Structural Modeling Approach, Hyo Jin Lee
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Problematic video game use (PVGU), or addiction-like use of video games, is associated with negative physical and mental health problems as well as problems in social and occupational functioning. Possible contributors to PVGU include frequency of play, cigarette smoking, and ADHD. The aim of the current study was to explore the relationships among PVGU, cigarette smoking, ADHD, and frequency of play simultaneously using a structural modeling approach. Secondary data analysis was conducted on 2,801 video game users (Mage = 22.43 years, SDage = 4.7; 93% male) who completed an online survey comprising measures of PVGU, ADHD symptomatology, smoking behavior, and …
Parental Distress And Child Behavior Problems: Parenting Behaviors As Mediators, Catherine M. Sanner
Parental Distress And Child Behavior Problems: Parenting Behaviors As Mediators, Catherine M. Sanner
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Parents of children with developmental disabilities (DD) typically report higher levels of parental stress than parents of typically developing children. While the majority of the literature addresses child behavior problems as predictors of parental stress, research has shown that the relation is bi-directional. However, very little research has examined the effects of parental stress on child behavior problems and the possible parenting factors that may explain this relation. The current study utilized data from the Mindful Awareness for Parenting Stress (MAPS) study (N = 31; % male = 67.7, mean age = 3.5, SD = .96; 81% ethic minority), and …