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- Air quality (2)
- Atmospheric chemistry (2)
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- Acidification (1)
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- Air cleaning (1)
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- Coal; fly ash; combustion; geology; elemental enrichments (1)
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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
“Increasing Renewable Energy Potential Of Landfill Gas By Electrocatalytic Conversion Of Carbon Dioxide To Methane At Low Temperature.”, Asma Akter Rony
“Increasing Renewable Energy Potential Of Landfill Gas By Electrocatalytic Conversion Of Carbon Dioxide To Methane At Low Temperature.”, Asma Akter Rony
Civil Engineering Dissertations
The conversion of carbon dioxide into methane at a low temperature has great potential to reduce current international environmental issues like global warming and will create new sources of renewable energy. The overall goal of this research is to increase renewable energy production from landfill gas using an unconventional process – electrocatalytic methanation of carbon dioxide – which has not been implemented for landfill gas yet. The electrocatalytic methanation follows the Waseda process, which applies an electric field in the presence of a Ruthenium-supported cerium oxide (CeO2) catalyst. The specific objectives of this research were: 1. To explore the impact …
Indoor Air Quality Through The Lens Of Outdoor Atmospheric Chemistry, Jonathan P.D. Abbatt, Douglas B. Collins
Indoor Air Quality Through The Lens Of Outdoor Atmospheric Chemistry, Jonathan P.D. Abbatt, Douglas B. Collins
Faculty Contributions to Books
Outdoor atmospheric chemistry and air quality have been the topic of research that intensified in earnest around the mid-20th century, while indoor air quality research has only been a key focus of chemical researchers over the last 30 years. Examining practices and approaches employed in the outdoor atmospheric chemistry research enterprise provides an additional viewpoint from which we can chart new paths to increase scientific understanding of indoor chemistry. This chapter explores our understanding of primary chemical sources, homogeneous and multiphase reactivity, gas-surface partitioning, and the coupling between the chemistry and dynamics of indoor air through the lens of …
Unintended Consequences Of Air Cleaning Chemistry, Douglas B. Collins, Delphine K. Farmer
Unintended Consequences Of Air Cleaning Chemistry, Douglas B. Collins, Delphine K. Farmer
Faculty Journal Articles
Amplified interest in maintaining clean indoor air associated with the airborne transmission risks of SARS-CoV-2 have led to an expansion in the market for commercially available air cleaning systems. While the optimal way to mitigate indoor air pollutants or contaminants is to control (remove) the source, air cleaners are a tool for use when absolute source control is not possible. Interventions for indoor air quality management include physical removal of pollutants through ventilation or collection on filters and sorbent materials, along with chemically reactive processes that transform pollutants or seek to deactivate biological entities. This perspective intends to highlight the …
Optimization And Longevity Of Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Enabled Membranes For Water Treatment, Madeleine Michael Isabella White
Optimization And Longevity Of Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Enabled Membranes For Water Treatment, Madeleine Michael Isabella White
Master's Theses
Water scarcity is a growing concern at the global scale. Large scale water reuse is growing both in necessity and popularity. Before water reuse can be performed efficiently on a large scale or be used for potable supply, even indirectly, contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) will need to be treated at the full scale. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are a form of advanced water treatment capable of treating a wide range of CECs. This study contributes to the growing field of AOPs and more specifically AOPs using ozone combined with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Ozonation of MWCNTs has been …
Organic/Inorganic Interfacial Interactions Affecting Metal Reactivity: Water Treatment And Sensor Applications, Mohamed Nabil Shaikh
Organic/Inorganic Interfacial Interactions Affecting Metal Reactivity: Water Treatment And Sensor Applications, Mohamed Nabil Shaikh
Civil Engineering ETDs
The aim of this dissertation was to investigate the interactions occurring at the organic – inorganic interface between solid media and aqueous contaminants for water treatment and sensor applications. The gaps in current literature on these interfacial organic-inorganic interactions must be bridged in order to develop advanced water treatment and monitoring technologies for improving water quality and thus, restore and protect the contaminated water resources. As a part of this dissertation, manganese oxides-based composites and electrospun polymer mats were developed and investigated for gaining mechanistic insights of organic (bisphenol A and acetaminophen) and inorganic (uranium) contaminants removal, respectively. These reactions …
Mineralogy And Geochemistry Of Feed Coals And Combustion Residues From Tunçbilek And Seyitömer Coal-Fired Power Plants In Western Turkey, Ali Ihsan Karayigit, Ozlem Yigitler, Seda Iserli, Xavier Querol, Maria Mastalerz, Riza Gorkem Oskay, James C. Hower
Mineralogy And Geochemistry Of Feed Coals And Combustion Residues From Tunçbilek And Seyitömer Coal-Fired Power Plants In Western Turkey, Ali Ihsan Karayigit, Ozlem Yigitler, Seda Iserli, Xavier Querol, Maria Mastalerz, Riza Gorkem Oskay, James C. Hower
Coal Combustion and Gasification Products Journal Archive
This study focuses on the enrichment of elements in feed coal (FC) and combustion residues, namely, fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) samples, picked up from the Tunçbilek and Seyitömer coal-fired power plants in western Turkey. The FCs in both plants have generally similar mineralogical compositions, although siderite and dolomite are more prominent in Tunçbilek and feldspar and pyrite are more abundant in Seyitömer. Minerals in the FA from both power plants are mainly quartz, hematite, magnetite, anhydrite, and mullite. Along with quartz, the Fe-oxides are dominant phases in the BA samples. Accessory minerals in the FCs, FAs, and …
Model Development Of Dust Emission And Heterogeneous Chemistry Within The Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System And Its Application Over East Asia, Xinyi Dong, Joshua S. Fu, Kan Huang, Daniel Tong, Guoshun Zhuang
Model Development Of Dust Emission And Heterogeneous Chemistry Within The Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System And Its Application Over East Asia, Xinyi Dong, Joshua S. Fu, Kan Huang, Daniel Tong, Guoshun Zhuang
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Civil & Environmental Engineering
The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model has been further developed in terms of simulating natural wind-blown dust in this study, with a series of modifications aimed at improving the model's capability to predict the emission, transport, and chemical reactions of dust. The default parameterization of initial threshold friction velocity constants are revised to correct the double counting of the impact of soil moisture in CMAQ by the reanalysis of field experiment data; source-dependent speciation profiles for dust emission are derived based on local measurements for the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts in East Asia; and dust heterogeneous chemistry is also …
Monitoring Co2 At An Enhanced Oil Recovery And Carbon Capture And Storage Project, Farnsworth Unit, Texas, Robert Balch, Richard Esser, Ning Liu
Monitoring Co2 At An Enhanced Oil Recovery And Carbon Capture And Storage Project, Farnsworth Unit, Texas, Robert Balch, Richard Esser, Ning Liu
CO2 Summit II: Technologies and Opportunities
The Southwest Partnership on Carbon Sequestration (SWP) is one of seven large scale CO2 sequestration projects sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, each with the goal of permanently sequestering at least 1,000,000 metric tonnes of CO2. The SWP project is at an active Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) project in a mature waterflood in the Farnsworth Unit, Texas, which is undergoing conversion to a CO2 flood. CO2 for this project is anthropogenically sourced from a fertilizer plant in Borger, Texas and an ethanol plant in Liberal, Kansas. Currently, the field has 13 CO2 injectors and …
Investigating The Prediction Of High Resolution Heat Waves And Extreme Precipitation And The Impact Of Heat Waves On Air Quality In U.S. In The 21st Century, Yang Gao
Doctoral Dissertations
In this study, the perennial problem of scale is addressed with an updated set of modeling tools that include global climate, atmospheric chemistry simulation, mesoscale weather, and air quality simulations. The evaluation of coupled model performance across geographic scales and the assessment of local scale climate change impacts under a fossil fuel intensive climate change scenario Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP 8.5) was achieved by linking the global climate model Community Earth System Model (CESM), with the regional climate model Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. This study is the first evaluation of dynamical downscaling using WRF on a 4km by …
Impact Of Anthropogenic Emission On Air Quality Over A Megacity – Revealed From An Intensive Atmospheric Campaign During The Chinese Spring Festival, K Huang, G Zhuang, Y Lin, Q Wang, Joshua S. Fu, R Zhang, J Li, C Deng, Q Fu
Impact Of Anthropogenic Emission On Air Quality Over A Megacity – Revealed From An Intensive Atmospheric Campaign During The Chinese Spring Festival, K Huang, G Zhuang, Y Lin, Q Wang, Joshua S. Fu, R Zhang, J Li, C Deng, Q Fu
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Civil & Environmental Engineering
The Chinese Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. The peak transport in the Spring Festival season (spring travel rush) provides a unique opportunity for investigating the impact of human activity on air quality in the Chinese megacities. Emission sources are varied and fluctuate greatly before, during and after the Festival. Increased vehicular emissions during the "spring travel rush" before the 2009 Festival resulted in high level pollutants of NOx (270 μg m−3), CO (2572 μg m−3), black carbon (BC) (8.5 μg m−3) and extremely low single scattering …
Typical Types And Formation Mechanisms Of Haze In An Eastern Asia Megacity, Shanghai, K Huang, G Zhuang, Joshua S. Fu, Q Wang, T Liu, R Zhang, Y Jiang, C Deng, Q Fu, N C. Hsu, B Cao
Typical Types And Formation Mechanisms Of Haze In An Eastern Asia Megacity, Shanghai, K Huang, G Zhuang, Joshua S. Fu, Q Wang, T Liu, R Zhang, Y Jiang, C Deng, Q Fu, N C. Hsu, B Cao
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Civil & Environmental Engineering
An intensive aerosol and gases campaign was performed at Shanghai in the Yangtze River Delta region over Eastern China from late March to early June 2009. This study provided a complementary picture of typical haze types and the formation mechanisms in megacities over China by using a synergy of ground-based monitoring, satellite and lidar observations. During the whole study period, several extreme low visibility periods were observed with distinct characteristics, and three typical haze types were identified, i.e. secondary inorganic pollution, dust, and biomass burning. Sulfate, nitrate and ammonium accounted for a major part of PM2.5 mass during the …
Characteristics, Sources And Formation Of Aerosol Oxalate In An Eastern Asia Megacity And Its Implication To Haze Pollution, Y Jiang, G Zhuang, Q Wang, T Liu, K Huang, Joshua S. Fu, J Li, Y Lin, R Zhang, C Deng
Characteristics, Sources And Formation Of Aerosol Oxalate In An Eastern Asia Megacity And Its Implication To Haze Pollution, Y Jiang, G Zhuang, Q Wang, T Liu, K Huang, Joshua S. Fu, J Li, Y Lin, R Zhang, C Deng
Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Civil & Environmental Engineering
A total of 238 samples of PM2.5 and TSP were analyzed to study the characteristics, sources, and formation pathways of aerosol oxalate in Shanghai in four seasons of 2007. The concentrations of oxalate were 0.07–0.41 μg m−3 in PM2.5 and 0.10–0.48 μg m−3 in TSP, respectively. Oxalate displayed a seasonal variation of autumn>summer>winter>spring in both PM2.5 and TSP and was dominantly present in PM2.5 in all samples. Correlation between oxalate and K+ and high ratio of oxalate/K+ suggested that biomass burning was a secondary source of aerosol oxalate in …
Environmental Impacts To Stream Acidification And Brook Trout Populations In The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Keil Jason Neff
Environmental Impacts To Stream Acidification And Brook Trout Populations In The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Keil Jason Neff
Doctoral Dissertations
This research supports development of aquatic resource management strategies to address acid deposition in the Great Smoky Mountain National Park (GRSM) by 1) developing relationships between baseflow and stormflow chemical constituents and examining effects of elevation, area, geology, soil, and vegetation on stream chemistry; 2) evaluating physiological condition in brook trout in relation to changes in stream chemistry during stream acidification episodes, and 3) evaluating brook trout metrics with respect to stream chemistry, basin characteristics, and ecologically relevant hydrologic parameters. (1) Stream chemistry was monitored in eight GRSM streams considering basin area, site elevation, Anakeesta geology, soil, and vegetation. Following …
Long-Term Acid Deposition Effects On Soil And Water Chemistry In The Noland Divide Watershed, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Usa, Meijun Cai
Doctoral Dissertations
Impacts of long-term acid deposition on soil and water chemistry are of particular concern in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM), receiving some of the highest acid deposition rates in the eastern United States and limited by inadequate acid buffering capacity. In the GRSM, the Noland Divide watershed (NDW) has been monitored since 1991 for water chemistries of precipitation, throughfall, soil, and stream. The impacts of long-term acidic deposition on stream water quality in the NDW were investigated through: 1) development of an ion input-output budget; 2) analysis of trends and seasonal patterns for major ions; 3) comparison of …
Export Of Carbon, Nutrients And Microbiological Indicators In Beaver Creek Watershed, Tennessee, Si Chen
Export Of Carbon, Nutrients And Microbiological Indicators In Beaver Creek Watershed, Tennessee, Si Chen
Masters Theses
Storms are the most important events impacting stream water quality at the watershed-scale. With the goal to develop effective water resource management strategies for the impaired Beaver Creek Watershed in East Tennessee, the impacts of storm events on water quality were assessed by monitoring the intra-storm dynamics of the export of carbon, nutrients, and microbiological indicators (E. coli), which are parameters critical to water quality and ecological functions of the target watershed. The dynamics of carbon export from the Beaver Creek Watershed as represented by dissolved organic carbon revealed distinct carbon transport mechanisms as a function of storm …
Voltammetric Study Of Interaction Of Copper And Model Fungal Secreted Ligands, Ran Liu
Voltammetric Study Of Interaction Of Copper And Model Fungal Secreted Ligands, Ran Liu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In lieu of Abstract, excerpt from Conclusion of Voltammetric Study of Interaction of Copper and Model Fungal Secreted Ligands: In summary, the cyclic voltammetry study shows evidence that the chelatormediated Fenton reaction is favored in the wood cell wall, where it may promote the degradation process. Also, reaction mechanisms between Cu(II), 2,3-DHBA and H202 have been proposed which provide at least partial explanations for the H202 cycle, and the mechanism for non-enzymatic, chelator-mediated Fenton reactions in brown rot wood decay processes. Future research in this area should explore cyclic voltarnrnetry analyses of Cu(I1) and ligands secreted by fungi, such as …
Remediation And Reuse Of Chromium Contaminated Soils Through Cold Top Ex-Site Vitrification, Wiwat Kamolpornwijit
Remediation And Reuse Of Chromium Contaminated Soils Through Cold Top Ex-Site Vitrification, Wiwat Kamolpornwijit
Theses
More than 150 sites in Hudson County, New Jersey are identified as chromium contaminated sites. Hexavalent chromium, highly soluble in water, is considered as an environmental and health hazard, classified as a group A human carcinogen. In this research, the feasibility was performed to study the possibility of remediation of chromium contaminated soil by ex-situ vitrification and to evaluate reuse potential of vitrified products as highway construction aggregate. A series of physical and chemical analysis was conducted on nine soil samples collected from different chromium contaminated sites. Results were analyzed for their compatibility for vitrification. Sand and carbon were added …
Analysis Of Nitrated Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Pah-Quinones And Related Compounds In Ambient Air, Yalan Wang
Analysis Of Nitrated Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Pah-Quinones And Related Compounds In Ambient Air, Yalan Wang
Theses
Studies were conducted to characterized airborne particulate extractable organic matter (EOM) with respect to chemical composition and biological activity. It has been well established that the nitrated polycyclic hydrocarbons (nitroPAH) are environmental contaminants. To identify nitro-PAH in ambient air sample, a technique was developed involving introduction of a reducer column into an reversephase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. Strong fluorescence signals were achieved from nitro-PAH and detected together with u.v. signals for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of nitro-PAH. 2-Nitrotriptycene was synthesized according to published procedures and used as an internal standard. By use of the above technique, 9nitroanthracene, …
Reconnaissance Of Sediment-Phosphorus Relationships In Some Utah Reservoirs, Jay J. Messer, Jean M. Ihnat
Reconnaissance Of Sediment-Phosphorus Relationships In Some Utah Reservoirs, Jay J. Messer, Jean M. Ihnat
Reports
Introduction: Phosphorus inputs to lakes and reservoirs from tributary streams and non-point sources are well-known contributors to nuisance algal growths that degrade water quality for potable and recreational uses in lakes and reservoirs. However, phosphours inputs to the euphotic zone may also occur from within the lake itself, as a result of releases from both oxic and anoxid sediments. Such releases may originate from phosphorus inputs to a lake or reservoir during high runoff periods in the previous winder or spring, or they may represent phosphorus trapped in the sediment many years earlier, when phosphorus contributions from natural or anthropogenic …