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The Fathead Minnow In Aquatic Toxicology: Past, Present And Future, Gerald T. Ankley, Daniel L. Villeneuve
The Fathead Minnow In Aquatic Toxicology: Past, Present And Future, Gerald T. Ankley, Daniel L. Villeneuve
United States Environmental Protection Agency: Staff Publications
This paper reviews the roles of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) as a small fish model in the field of aquatic toxicology. The species has been (and is) extensively used both for regulatory testing and research, especially in North America. For example, tests with the fathead minnow, ranging from 48-h lethality through partial and full life-cycle assays, are routinely used for regulatory programs aimed at assessing potential risks of new chemicals such as high-production volume materials and pesticides, as well as impacts of complex mixtures like effluents. The species also has been used for a wide variety of …