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Benzalkonium Chloride Alters Phenotypic And Genotypic Antibiotic Resistance Profiles In A Source Water Used For Drinking Water Treatment, Katherine R. Harrison, Anthony D. Kappell, Patrick J. Mcnamara
Benzalkonium Chloride Alters Phenotypic And Genotypic Antibiotic Resistance Profiles In A Source Water Used For Drinking Water Treatment, Katherine R. Harrison, Anthony D. Kappell, Patrick J. Mcnamara
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern. Triclosan is an antimicrobial compound with direct links to antibiotic resistance that was widely used in soaps in the U.S. until its ban by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC), a quaternary ammonium compound, has widely replaced triclosan in soaps marketed as an antibacterial. BAC has been detected in surface waters and its presence will likely increase following increased use in soap products. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of BAC on relative abundance of antibiotic resistance in a bacterial community from a surface water …
Metagenomics Reveal Triclosan-Induced Changes In The Antibiotic Resistome Of Anaerobic Digesters, M. Fujimoto, Daniel Elliott Carey, Patrick J. Mcnamara
Metagenomics Reveal Triclosan-Induced Changes In The Antibiotic Resistome Of Anaerobic Digesters, M. Fujimoto, Daniel Elliott Carey, Patrick J. Mcnamara
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Triclosan (TCS) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial used in a variety of consumer products. While it was recently banned from hand soaps in the US, it is still a key ingredient in a top-selling toothpaste. TCS is a hydrophobic micropollutant that is recalcitrant under anaerobic digestion thereby resulting in high TCS concentrations in biosolids. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of TCS on the antibiotic resistome and potential cross-protection in lab-scale anaerobic digesters using shotgun metagenomics. It was hypothesized that metagenomics would reveal selection for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) not previously found in pure culture studies or …
Altered Antibiotic Tolerance In Anaerobic Digesters Acclimated To Triclosan Or Triclocarban, Daniel Elliott Carey, Patrick J. Mcnamara
Altered Antibiotic Tolerance In Anaerobic Digesters Acclimated To Triclosan Or Triclocarban, Daniel Elliott Carey, Patrick J. Mcnamara
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Bench-scale anaerobic digesters were amended to elevated steady-state concentrations of triclosan (850 mg/kg) and triclocarban (150 mg/kg) using a synthetic feed. After more than 9 solids retention time (SRT) values of acclimatization, biomass from each digester (and a control digester that received no antimicrobials) was used to assess the toxicity of three antibiotics. Methane production rate was measured as a surrogate for activity in microcosms that received doses of antibiotics ranging from no-antibiotic to inhibitory concentrations. Biomass amended with triclocarban was more sensitive to tetracycline compared to the control indicating synergistic inhibitory effects between this antibiotic and triclocarban. In contrast, …