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Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Cruciferous And Apiaceous Vegetables In C57bl/6j Mice Colon, Rosa Moreno Narvaez

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Previous studies have demonstrated chemo-preventive potential of cruciferous and apiaceous vegetables against colon cancer. Colon inflammation is one condition closely related with colon cancer initiation. Therefore, we wanted to compare if total western diet (TWD) was as pro-inflammatory as died-induced obesity (DIO) and a better dietary model for human conditions, and determine if diet supplementation with cruciferous (broccoli, watercress and cabbage) or apiaceous vegetables (celery and parsnip) could reduce dietary inflammation, and which vegetable was more effective.

Male CBL57/6J mice were fed chow for seven days, on day eight, mice were assigned to one of the following diets: American Institute …

An Assessment Of Bsa Protein Hydrogel Biocompatibility In The Vertebrate Intestinal Tract, Ryan Joseph Garde

Theses and Dissertations

The fields of biomedicine and pharmacology have a mission to design methods to treat disease while minimizing adverse side effects using novel drug delivery systems. In developing new therapeutic systems, it is crucial to test that drug delivery systems target pathological cells and tissue and is non-toxic in healthy tissue. One promising method for targeted drug delivery is the use of hydrogels as carriers. Here, we studied the effects of bovine serum albumin (BSA) hydrogel consumption to assess the potential for hydrogel use in treating intestinal disease via oral administration. We investigated intestinal architecture and cell populations following hydrogel treatments …

The Cxcr2-Dependent Role Of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts In Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Mohammad Awaji

Theses & Dissertations

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer, the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the USA with over 40,000 deaths per year. Unlike other major cancer types, the progress in dealing with PDAC is plodding, attributed mainly to the asymptomatic nature of the disease, the late diagnosis and the ineffectiveness of current therapies. A better understanding of the biology of the disease could permit the discovery of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools. With that in mind, we present this dissertation that investigates the tumor-stromal interaction underlined by genetic alterations and inflammation. PDAC develop as …

Adipose-Derived Autotaxin Regulates Inflammation And Steatosis Associated With Diet-Induced Obesity, J. Anthony Brandon, Maria Kraemer, Julia Vandra, Suchismita Halder, Margo F. Ubele, Andrew J. Morris, Susan S. Smyth

Gill Heart & Vascular Institute Faculty Publications

Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted enzyme that generates the bioactive lipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). We generated mice with global inducible post-natal inactivation or adipose-specific loss of the Enpp2 gene encoding ATX. The animals are phenotypically unremarkable and exhibit differences in adipocyte size and adipose tissue expression of inflammatory genes after high fat feeding without gross differences in fat distribution or body mass. Surprisingly, both models of Enpp2- deficiency exhibited marked protection from high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis. This phenotype was not associated with differences in dietary fat absorption but may be accounted for by differences in hepatic expression of …

Forebrain Cholinergic Signaling Regulates Innate Immune Responses And Inflammation, Ashbeel Roy, Vania F. Prado, Marco A.M Prado, Robert Gros, Kurt R. Lehner, Harold A. Silvernman, Meghan E. Addorissio, Mohammed A. Al-Onaizi, Yaakov Levine, Peder S. Olofsson, Sangeeta S. Chavan, Neil M. Nathanson, Yousef Al-Abed, Christine N. Metz, Kevin J. Tracey, Valentin A. Pavlov

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

The brain regulates physiological functions integral to survival. However, the insight into brain neuronal regulation of peripheral immune function and the neuromediator systems and pathways involved remains limited. Here, utilizing selective genetic and pharmacological approaches, we studied the role of forebrain cholinergic signaling in the regulation of peripheral immune function and inflammation. Forebrain-selective genetic ablation of acetylcholine release and vagotomy abolished the suppression of serum TNF by the centrally-acting cholinergic drug galantamine in murine endotoxemia. Selective stimulation of acetylcholine action on the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1 mAChR) by central administration of the positive allosteric modulator benzyl quinolone carboxylic acid …

The Balance Between Prostaglandin E2 Ep3 And Ep4 Receptors Determines Severity Of Cardiac Damage In Myocardial Infarction And An Angiotensin Ii-Induced Model Of Hypertension, Timothy Dean Bryson

Wayne State University Dissertations

According to the center for disease control about 610,000 people die every year in the United States from heart disease, of which, coronary heart disease is the most common form. One major risk factor for heart attack is hypertension, which affects nearly half of all Americans [472, 473]. PGE2 plays an important role in regulating cardiovascular function and mediating inflammation, both of which contribute to the development of hypertension and/or heart disease. Prostaglandin E2 can act as a vasodilator or vasoconstrictor depending on which of its receptor subtypes are activated.

In general, activation of the EP1 and EP3 receptors is …

Critical Physicochemical Properties For Nanoparticle Toxicity: Impact Of Surface Coating And Size On Particle-Induced Cell Transformation And Inflammatory Response, Tiffany Kornberg

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Nanoparticles, which measure 100 nm in at least one dimension, have surged in development, production, and use for a wide range of applications. However, the rapid pace of development for these emerging materials with unclear/unknown toxicity profiles makes it difficult to adequately assess health risk associated with exposure. One critical obstacle which limits scientific research to fill these critical knowledge gaps is the lack of accurate and predictive models for nanotoxicology studies, particularly those which involve occupationally relevant exposure scenarios (pulmonary exposure to low dose of particles in the circulating air). Typically, animal models are used to assess potential systemic …