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Decentralization And Centralization In Sociocratic Organizations—Dynamics, Combinations, And Hybrid Solutions, Ted Rau, Phd
Decentralization And Centralization In Sociocratic Organizations—Dynamics, Combinations, And Hybrid Solutions, Ted Rau, Phd
Journal of Nonprofit Innovation
The article discusses the interplay between decentralized and centralized aspects of governance in the context of decentralized self-governance and shares learnings from Sociocracy For All’s (SoFA) experience, including that decentralization is an active process that requires preparation, budget, strategy, and information can act as centralizing forces, and decentralization requires different ways of thinking about responsibility and leadership. SoFA is a young membership organization founded in 2016 promoting sociocracy, a governance system with consent-based decision-making in small groups, in nonprofits and other organizations.
Life Beyond The Like: Uses & Gratifications Of Sharing Business Facebook Page Content, Sara M. Nash
Life Beyond The Like: Uses & Gratifications Of Sharing Business Facebook Page Content, Sara M. Nash
College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Theses
One of the main reasons businesses create a Facebook Page is to solidify relationships with existing customers who are Facebook users and to leverage those relationships to gain new customers. Many studies have asked Facebook users to articulate the gratifications they receive when “liking” a business Facebook Page. These studies help explain what gratifications users gain by connecting to businesses via Facebook. To expand on these findings, the current pilot study applied the uses and gratifications theory to identify Facebook users’ motivations to “share” business Facebook content within their own personal network. Understanding users’ reasons for “sharing” will help businesses …
Relieving The Overloaded Help Desk: A Knowledge Management Approach, Nelson K.Y. Leung, Sim Kim Lau
Relieving The Overloaded Help Desk: A Knowledge Management Approach, Nelson K.Y. Leung, Sim Kim Lau
Communications of the IIMA
The establishment of an organizational help desk (HD) is to provide technical support to users when they encounter technical problems related to hardware, software and network connections. Due to the lack of resources, users often have to wait for a considerably long time before their enquiries and problems are answered and solved. This paper discusses the background of HD and its existing challenges. The application of Knowledge Management (KM) techniques and Knowledge Management System (KMS) enables HD to manage its knowledge effectively. In addition, the combination is capable of relieving the overloaded HD by shifting some of the troubleshooting responsibilities …
Knowledge Management In Information Technology Help Desk: Past, Present And Future, Kar Yin Leung, Sim K. Lau
Knowledge Management In Information Technology Help Desk: Past, Present And Future, Kar Yin Leung, Sim K. Lau
Dr Sim Kim Lau
Information technology has changed the way organizations function. This resulted in the reliance of help desks to deal with information technology related areas such as hardware, software, and telecommunication. Besides, the adoption of business process reengineering and downsizing have led to the shrinkage of the size of help desk. The shorter information technology product life cycle has worsened the situation by increasing the already sizeable help desk’s user base. Consequently, the help desk has to cover more information technology products and resolute more technical enquiries with less staff. Thus, the outcome is clear that users have to wait comparably longer …
Use Of A Fast Information Extraction Method As A Decision Support Tool, Mahmudul Sheikh, Sumali Conlon
Use Of A Fast Information Extraction Method As A Decision Support Tool, Mahmudul Sheikh, Sumali Conlon
Journal of International Technology and Information Management
Ad-hoc extraction of information from documents can ensure the transparency of decisions made by an organization. Different Information Extraction methods have been applied to extract information from various domains. Most widely known methods use manually annotated training documents that require high development time. The automated training methods are not scalable to large application domains. We have developed a semi-automated knowledge-engineering method for building the knowledge-base with minimal efforts. Because our method reduces manual processing of the training data, the development process is very fast. We have developed a prototype application to extract information from the project-reports of the American Recovery …
Acceptance Of Wireless Internet Via Mobile Technology In China, June Lu, Chang Liu, Chun-Sheng Yu, James E. Yao
Acceptance Of Wireless Internet Via Mobile Technology In China, June Lu, Chang Liu, Chun-Sheng Yu, James E. Yao
Journal of International Information Management
This study explores factors associated with the acceptance of Wireless Internet via Mobile Technology (WIMT) in China. The results indicate that the acceptance of WIMT is related to the factors of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influences, wireless trust environment, and facilitating conditions. It provides diagnostic insight into how different factors influence user intention to accept WIMT in China, and thus help business develop strategy to prompt WIMT communications and mobile commerce there.
Knowledge Management In Information Technology Help Desk: Past, Present And Future, Kar Yin Leung, Sim K. Lau
Knowledge Management In Information Technology Help Desk: Past, Present And Future, Kar Yin Leung, Sim K. Lau
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Information technology has changed the way organizations function. This resulted in the reliance of help desks to deal with information technology related areas such as hardware, software, and telecommunication. Besides, the adoption of business process reengineering and downsizing have led to the shrinkage of the size of help desk. The shorter information technology product life cycle has worsened the situation by increasing the already sizeable help desk’s user base. Consequently, the help desk has to cover more information technology products and resolute more technical enquiries with less staff. Thus, the outcome is clear that users have to wait comparably longer …
A Fuzzy Expert System For Small Business Loan Processing, Vipul K. Gupta, Serkan Celtek
A Fuzzy Expert System For Small Business Loan Processing, Vipul K. Gupta, Serkan Celtek
Journal of International Information Management
In recent years, managerial applications of artificial intelligence, especially in the area of financial services, has received considerable attention. In this paper, a fiizzy logic expert system is developed for approvals of small business loans. Previous studies have used non-fuzzv expert systems. But the fuzzification of the variables used in a business loan approval decisionmaking promises more efficient results. Furthermore, another distinct feature of this paper is its focus on small business loans. CubiCalc fuzzy expert system shell is used to develop the expert system. Knowledge acquisition is made using the resources and expertise of a Small Business Development Center. …
Describing Intelligent Agent Behaviors, Walt Truszkowski, Jagannathan V. Iyengar, Fred Mills
Describing Intelligent Agent Behaviors, Walt Truszkowski, Jagannathan V. Iyengar, Fred Mills
Journal of International Information Management
The development of new intelligent agents requires an interdisciplinary approach to programming. The initial challenge is to describe the desired agent behaviors and abilities without necessarily committing the agent development project to one particular programming language. What are the appropriate linguistic and logical tools for creating a top level, unambiguous, program-independent, and consistent description of the functions and behaviors of the agent? And how can that description then be translated easily into one of a number of program languages? This article provides a case study of the application of a simple Belief, Desire, and Intention (EDI) first order logic to …
A Hierarchy Fuzzy Mcdm Method For Studying Electronic Marketing Strategies In The Information Service Industry, Michael T. Tang, Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng, Shinn-Wen Wang
A Hierarchy Fuzzy Mcdm Method For Studying Electronic Marketing Strategies In The Information Service Industry, Michael T. Tang, Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng, Shinn-Wen Wang
Journal of International Information Management
In this paper the impacts of Electronic Commerce {EC) on the international marketing strategies for the information service industries are studied. In seeking to blend humanistic concerns in this research with technological development by addressing challenges for deterministic attitudes, it also examines critical environmental factors relevant to Internet commerce in the changes of the international marketing environment. The needs for a new marketing paradigm for EC, which comes out of new trends of international electronic marketing, are also examined. The impacts of EC for the information service industry are discussed and a hierarchy fuzzy multicriteria decision-making (Fuzzy MCDM) method for …
Managing The Information Technology Help Desk: An International Dimension, Vivek Shah, Roy Martin
Managing The Information Technology Help Desk: An International Dimension, Vivek Shah, Roy Martin
Journal of International Information Management
Information Technology continues to change at a fast and furious rate that shows no signs of slowing. Support requirements are increasing, while businesses are becoming global and demanding more support for technology. This paper focuses on the issues and challenges faced by organizations in setting and running a help desk for end users in an international environment.
A Group Decision Support System Idea Consolidation Tool, Chittibabu Govindarajulu, Milan Aiken, Weigi Li
A Group Decision Support System Idea Consolidation Tool, Chittibabu Govindarajulu, Milan Aiken, Weigi Li
Journal of International Information Management
Manual consolidation of ideas generated in a Group Decision Support System meeting can be a lengthy, inaccurate, and dissatisfying process. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how an automatic idea consolidation program can reduce the time needed by group members to aggregate comments, inaccuracies of these comment groupings, and dissatisfaction with the comment consolidation process. A case study comparing the program's results with those of two human subjects shows a time savings of 98.8%. Although the computer's comment groupings were not identical with those of the subjects, they were logically consistent.
A Decision Support Model For Management Of Fuzziness In Global Risk Assessment, Mirza Murtaza, Faisal Zeidan
A Decision Support Model For Management Of Fuzziness In Global Risk Assessment, Mirza Murtaza, Faisal Zeidan
Journal of International Information Management
Solving decision-making problems requires efficient handling of uncertainties. This task has been usually performed by means of expert systems which are based on classical logic and, therefore, need special methods such as heuristic approaches, probability theory, possibility theory, and fuzzy theory. The later approach, fuzzy reasoning and logic, offers a more natural way of handling uncertainty since it is similar to human logical reasoning. In this paper, we develop a fuzzy logic model for assessment and prediction of country risk. This fuzzy method provides a systematic approach to analyzing a target country. By its nature, the decision making for global …
Maintaining Computer-Based Information Systems Using Text-Based Intelligent Systems Techniques, Sumali Conlon, Chi Hwang
Maintaining Computer-Based Information Systems Using Text-Based Intelligent Systems Techniques, Sumali Conlon, Chi Hwang
Journal of International Information Management
In order to incorporate up-to-date quantitative and qualitative information, Computer- Based Information Systems (CBIS) must be able to extract data from unstructured, textual formats such as newspapers and magazines. The process of updating information in a CBIS currently requires large amounts of human effort analyzing and converting data from such sources into formats which information systems can work with. This paper suggests some methods by which the data needs of a CBIS can be handled semi-automatically (Employing both computers and humans) using text-based intelligent systems (TBIS) techniques.
Voice User Interfaces (Vuis) Emerge, Brian D. Lynch
Voice User Interfaces (Vuis) Emerge, Brian D. Lynch
Journal of International Information Management
Human beings use speech as the primary means of communication. Therefore, voice user interfaces (VUIs) represent a natural way for people to interact with computers (Fournier, 1996; Hyde, 1979; Teja and Gonnella, 1983; Witten 1982). Voice input facilitates a much higher computer input rate than keyboard or mouse driven input. Voice output permits computer generated output in devices when output screens are not available (e.g., most phones) or in situations where the user's eyes are busy elsewhere (e.g., driving a car, assembling a product, etc.). Thus, VUIs are viewed as the logical next generation in computer interfaces. Forecasts call for …
Enhancing Menu-Based Executive Information Systems Using A Natural Language-Menu Guide*, Sumali Conlon, Edward Gillenwater, Chi Hwang
Enhancing Menu-Based Executive Information Systems Using A Natural Language-Menu Guide*, Sumali Conlon, Edward Gillenwater, Chi Hwang
Journal of International Information Management
Ufe argue that current Executive Information Systems (BIS), with simple menu-based user interfaces, support an inadequate range of information needs because a menu base which is too large or changes too rapidly becomes prohibitively difficult to use. We consider an alternative approach to increase executives' access to information bases by incorporating a series of component- specific Natural Language Interfaces (NLI) into the various components of the BIS (database, model base, etc.), and adding a "Natural Language-Menu Guide" (NLMG) to the traditional menu and graphics based executive information systems. The various NLI will allow users to get access to information bases …
A Neural Network Driven Fuzzy System Approach To Decision Making, Mirza B. Murtaza, Vipul K. Gupta
A Neural Network Driven Fuzzy System Approach To Decision Making, Mirza B. Murtaza, Vipul K. Gupta
Journal of International Information Management
It is necessary to model and manage uncertainties efficiently and effectively in solving decision-making problems. Fuzzy reasoning and logic offers a natural means of handling uncertainty. This paper discus.'ses the development of an architecture that utilizes the advantages of fuzzy logic and neural networks that can be used in decision-making. The present paper outlines the reasons that motivate development of models that integrate fuzzy logic and neural networks. This discussion is followed by a brief overview of fuzzy logic and its concepts that are essential in understanding the application presented in the paper. The paper then describes the classification procedure …
Organization Structure And Financial Market Performance: A Preliminary Test, Richard A. Bettis, Andrew Chen
Organization Structure And Financial Market Performance: A Preliminary Test, Richard A. Bettis, Andrew Chen
Historical Working Papers
Firms in the petroleum industry adopting a multidivisional structure arestudied to observe the impact of structural change on financial performance. The outcome did not clearly show divisional structure to be a determining factor in performance. There is some suggestion that this may have a great deal to do with the vertical integration inherent in the petroleum industry.