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Design And Synthesis Of Cationic Steroid Antimicrobial Compounds, Synthesis Of Glycolipids Recognized By Natural Killer T Cells And Development Of Tlr-1, Tlr-6 Heterodimer Binders And Studies Of Their Immunology Activities, Yanshu Feng
Theses and Dissertations
Cationic steroid antimicrobial agents (CSAs) are a family of bile acid derivatives. These compounds are amphiphilic and mimic endogenous antimicrobial peptides. The antimicrobial activities of CSA-13 have been investigated and due to portent bactericidal activities and low toxicity, a large amount of CSA-13 is demanded for clinic trails and other antimicrobial applications. During our studies, we optimized the synthetic route of CSA-13, so that it can be prepared at the kilogram, even in tons scale. We investigated three routes and one of them is suitable for industry, because only recrystallization is needed in the synthesis. Natural killer T cells (NKT …
Influence Of Weak Interactions On Supramolecular Binding: Characterization Of Cucurbituril Complexes With Alkylmonoammonium Ions Using Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry, Ruijan Shi
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis focuses on using mass spectrometry-based techniques for characterizing the structure and behavior of cucurbituril complexes in the gas phase. Both solvent and counter ion effects can be completely eliminated in the gas phase and the intrinsic interactions in the system are directly shown in the experimental results. Chapter 1 introduces the structures, properties and host-guest chemistry of cucurbituril, and FTICR mass spectrometry including instrumentation, performance and working principles. Two mass spectrometry-based methods for supramolecular characterization, sustained off-resonance irradiation collision induced dissociation (SORI CID) and ion molecule equilibrium measurements, are also discussed in this chapter. Chapter 2 characterizes the …
Mechanism Of G Protein Beta-Gamma Assembly Mediated By Phosducin-Like Protein 1, Chun Wan Jeffrey Lai
Mechanism Of G Protein Beta-Gamma Assembly Mediated By Phosducin-Like Protein 1, Chun Wan Jeffrey Lai
Theses and Dissertations
G-protein coupled receptor signaling (GPCR) is essential for regulating a large variety of hormonal, sensory and neuronal processes in eukaryotic cells. Because the regulation of these physiological responses is critical, GPCR signaling pathways are carefully controlled at different levels within the cascade. Phosducin-like protein 1 (PhLP1) can bind the G protein βγ dimer and participate in GPCR signaling. Recent evidence has supported the concept that PhLP1 can serve as a co-chaperone of the eukaryotic cytosolic chaperonin complex CCT/TRiC to mediate G βγ assembly. Although a general mechanism of PhLP1-mediated G βγ assembly has been postulated, many of the details about …
Characterizing The Phosphorylation State Of Tie2 Using Sh2 Domain Fusion Proteins, Kenneth Yuth
Characterizing The Phosphorylation State Of Tie2 Using Sh2 Domain Fusion Proteins, Kenneth Yuth
Theses and Dissertations
The cardiovascular system develops through two distinct processes in embryogenesis: vasculogenesis, whereby the primary plexus in the heart is formed along with embryonic and extraembryonic vasculature, and angiogenesis, which begins after vasculogenesis and results in the refinement and maturation of the branched vessel system. In pathological angiogenesis, tumors expand by releasing pro-angiogenic factors in response to hypoxic conditions. The Tie receptors, Tie1 and Tie2, are receptor tyrosine kinases that are integral to angiogenic pathways. A family of Angiopoietins, Ang1-4, have been shown to act as ligands for Tie2, of which Ang1 and Ang2 are best characterized. Activation of the receptor …
Part I, Unified Pharmacophore Protein Models Of The Benzodiazepine Receptor Subtypes ; Part Ii, Subtype, Terrill S. Clayton
Part I, Unified Pharmacophore Protein Models Of The Benzodiazepine Receptor Subtypes ; Part Ii, Subtype, Terrill S. Clayton
Theses and Dissertations
Part I. New models of unified pharmacophore/receptors have been constructed guided by the synthesis of subtype selective compounds in light of recent developments both in ligand synthesis and structural studies of the binding site itself. The evaluation of experimental data in combination with comparative models of the α1β2γ2, α2β2γ2, α3β2γ2 and α5β2γ2 GABA(A) receptors has led to an orientation of the pharmacophore model within the benzodiazepine binding site (Bz BS). These results not only are important for the rational design of new selective ligands, but also for the identification and evaluation of possible roles which specific residues may have within …
Total Synthesis Of 4'-Ester Resveratrol Analogs And 8.9-Amido Geldanamycin Analog And Toward The Total Synthesis Of (-)-Englerin A, Yong Wang
Theses and Dissertations
Total Synthesis of 4'-ester Resveratrol Analogs and 8, 9-amido Geldanamycin Analog and toward the Total Synthesis of (-)-Englerin A Yong Wang Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BYU Doctor of Philosophy The phytoalexin resveratrol and its 4'-ester analogs have been prepared with a decarbonylative Heck reaction. The deprotecting step has been modified and improved to increase yield and avoid chromatography. A set of resveratrol analogs and resveratrol have been tested with melanoma and pancreatic cell assays. The 8, 9-amido Geldanamycin analog has been synthesized with a convergent route, involving 28 simplified steps in its longest linear sequence. Synthetic methodologies, such as …
Identification And Characterization Of A Novel Thermohalophilic Esterase From The Red Sea: Atlantis Ii Brine Pool, Yasmine Mustafa Mohamed
Identification And Characterization Of A Novel Thermohalophilic Esterase From The Red Sea: Atlantis Ii Brine Pool, Yasmine Mustafa Mohamed
Theses and Dissertations
Industrial (white) biotechnology poses an increasing demand for novel biocatalysts that are robust under a wide range of conditions. Traditionally, biocatalysts were isolated from cultured isolates, however, less than 1% of microorganisms are culturable. Therefore, it became evident that the unculturable majority holds a great potential for the discovery of novel biocatalysts. Metagenomics is an invaluable tool for accessing the genomes of the uncultured majority and has led to the isolation of a large number of biocatalysts from various environments. Extreme environments such as hydrothermal vents, brine pools and glaciers, are an attractive source for biocatalysts. Biocatalysts from these environments …
Follicular Dendritic Cells, Resting Cd4+ T Cells And Human Immunodeficiency Virus Expression, Changna Wang
Follicular Dendritic Cells, Resting Cd4+ T Cells And Human Immunodeficiency Virus Expression, Changna Wang
Theses and Dissertations
Many events associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection/replication occur in and around the germinal centers (GCs) of secondary lymphoid tissues where follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) reside, suggesting that this microenvironment may contribute unique signaling that is important to viral progression. My research focused on characterizing signaling, both positive and negative, contributed by FDCs that affects HIV infection and replication. Specifically, I determined if FDC signals could induce the expression of latent HIV in T cells and if so, to characterize the signaling pathways involved. Moreover, I also examined the ability of FDCs to produce inhibitory signals that might block …
Determining The Mechanism Of Double-Stranded Rna-Induced Cell Death In Ovarian Cancer., Danielle Van
Determining The Mechanism Of Double-Stranded Rna-Induced Cell Death In Ovarian Cancer., Danielle Van
Theses and Dissertations
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecological cancers. Current ovarian cancer drug regimens, including taxanes and platinum-based agents, are susceptible to chemoresistance necessitating the development of novel chemotherapeutics. Within tumors pathogen-derived ligands, such as dsRNA, can activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are capable of inducing apoptosis. In this dissertation we have found that in ovarian cancer cell lines (DOV-13, SKOV-3, CAOV-3, and OVCAR-3), dsRNA treatment alters cell survival. When treated with dsRNA, ovarian cancer cell lines and patient samples could be divided into two categories, responsive which undergo significant levels of apoptosis (CAOV-3 and OVCAR-3) or non-responsive …
Aryl Acetate Phase Transfer Catalysis: Method And Computation Studies, Meisha A. Binkley
Aryl Acetate Phase Transfer Catalysis: Method And Computation Studies, Meisha A. Binkley
Theses and Dissertations
Brief explanation and history of cinchona based Phase Transfer Catalysis (PTC). Studied aryl acetates in PTC, encompassing napthoyl, 6-methoxy napthoyl, phenyl and protected 4-hydroxy phenyl acetates. Investigated means of controlling the selectivity of the PTC reaction by changing the electrophile size, the ether side group size or by addition of inorganic salts. Found that either small or aromatic electophiles increased enantioselectivity more than aliphatic electrophiles, and that increasing the size of ether protecting group also increased selectivity. Positive effects of salt addition included either decreasing reaction time or increasing enantiomeric excess. Applied findings towards the synthesis of S-equol. Computational experiments …
The Formation And Stability Of Radical-Molecule And Radical-Radical Complexes And Their Importance In Atmospheric Processes, Jared M. Clark
The Formation And Stability Of Radical-Molecule And Radical-Radical Complexes And Their Importance In Atmospheric Processes, Jared M. Clark
Theses and Dissertations
This research explores the role that radical-molecule complexes play in the chemistry of Earth's atmosphere. The formation of such complexes can have direct and pronounced effects on the reaction and product outcome of atmospheric chemical reactions. Some attention is also given to the formation of radial-radical pre-reactive complexes in the HO + ClO system. Peroxy radicals (RO2) can form stable complexes with polar compounds such as H2O, NH3, and CH3OH. For the simplest RO2 radical, HO2, complex formation (e.g., HO2-H2O, HO2-NH3, and HO2-722;CH3OH) gives rise to a significant increase in the HO2 self-reaction rate constant. Although this phenomenon has been …
Characterization Of The Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mechanism Using Microscopic Imaging Of The Sample Surface, Michael Craig Wood
Characterization Of The Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mechanism Using Microscopic Imaging Of The Sample Surface, Michael Craig Wood
Theses and Dissertations
Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is an ambient ionization technique for mass spectrometry. This solvent based desorption ion source has wide applicability in surface analysis with minimal sample preparation. Interest in improving detection limits, broadening applications, and increasing the spatial resolution for chemical imaging has led to studies of the DESI mechanism. An inverted microscope has been used to image interactions between the DESI spray and test analytes on a glass surface. Microscopic images recorded with millisecond time resolution have provided important insights into the processes governing analyte transport and desorption. These insights are the basis of a rivulet-based model for …
Ferritin Diversity: Mechanistic Studies, Disease Implications, And Materials Chemistry, Robert Joseph Hilton
Ferritin Diversity: Mechanistic Studies, Disease Implications, And Materials Chemistry, Robert Joseph Hilton
Theses and Dissertations
The study of ferritin includes a rich history of discoveries and scientific progress. Initially, the composition of ferritin was determined. Soon, it was shown that ferritin is a spherical, hollow protein. Eventually, over several decades of research, the structure and some function of this interesting protein was elucidated. However, the ferritin field was not completely satisfied. Today, for example, researchers are interested in refining the details of ferritin function, in discovering the role of ferritin in a variety of diseases, and in using ferritin for materials chemistry applications. The work presented in this dissertation highlights the progress that we have …
The Characterization Of Avian Polyomavirus, Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus, And Bacteriophage Cw02 By Means Of Cryogenic Electron Microscopy, Peter S. Shen
Theses and Dissertations
Viruses are the most abundant biological entity in the biosphere and are known to infect hosts from all domains of life. The aim of my work is to identify conserved and non-conserved features among the capsid structures of related and divergent icosahedral viruses via cryogenic electron microscopy, sequence analysis, molecular modeling, and other techniques. Bird polyomaviruses often cause severe disease in their hosts whereas mammalian polyomaviruses generally do not. Avian polyomavirus is a type of bird polyomavirus with an unusually broad host range compared to the restricted tropism of other polyomaviruses. Although most polyomaviruses have a conserved, rigid capsid protein …
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate In Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Responses, Megan Price
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate In Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Responses, Megan Price
Theses and Dissertations
Mast cells play a critical role in both acute and chronic inflammation and mature in peripheral tissues from bone marrow-derived progenitors that circulate in the blood as immature precursors. Mast cell progenitors are likely to encounter the serum-borne bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), during migration to target tissues. Mast cells developed from human cord blood-derived progenitors cultured with stem cell factor (SCF) alone express intragranular tryptase (MCT), the phenotype predominant in the lung. S1P accelerated the development of cord blood-derived mast cells (CB-MCs) and strikingly increased the numbers of mast cells expressing chymase. These mast cells have functional FcepsilonRI, and …
Structural Basis For Thermal Stability Of Thermophilic Trmd Proteins, Jamar Uzzell
Structural Basis For Thermal Stability Of Thermophilic Trmd Proteins, Jamar Uzzell
Theses and Dissertations
Thermal stability of theG37 tRNA methyltransferase proteins from Thermotoga maritima and Aquifex aeolicus have been compared using Differential Scanning Calorimetry. It was shown that the Thermotoga protein is remarkably stable and is denatured at temperatures in excess of 100 degrees Centigrade. The Aquifex aeolicus protein was less stable, denaturing broadly at temperatures between 55oC and 100oC. In contrast, the mesophilic E. coli protein was completely denatured at 55oC. Enzymatic activity of the proteins was measured at various temperatures. Both the Thermotoga and Aquifex enzymes are active at ambient temperatures, and display a significant decrease in activity when the temperature is …
Role Of Tyk2 In The Development Of Beige Cells, Samantha Umali
Role Of Tyk2 In The Development Of Beige Cells, Samantha Umali
Theses and Dissertations
Obesity results from an excess of adipose tissue and is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Adipose tissue exists in two main forms: white adipose tissue (WAT), which stores energy as triglycerides, and brown adipose tissue (BAT), which dissipates stored energy as heat. White adipose tissue is composed of several subcutaneous and visceral depots, each possessing distinct molecular and functional characteristics. Brown-like adipocytes can emerge in WAT depots in response to cold or beta-adrenergic stimulation. These cells have been called “beige” or “brite” (brown-in-white) cells. The reduction of obesity in mice treated with beta-adrenergic …
Characterization Of Lysophosphatidic Acid Subspecies Using A Novel Hplc Esi-Ms/Ms Method, Eric Mayton
Characterization Of Lysophosphatidic Acid Subspecies Using A Novel Hplc Esi-Ms/Ms Method, Eric Mayton
Theses and Dissertations
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid with a plethora of biological functions, including roles in cell survival, proliferation, and migration. Although high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC ESI-MS/MS) technology has been used to measure the levels of LPA in human blood, serum and plasma, current methods cannot readily detect the minute levels of LPA from cell culture. In this study, a novel HPLC ESI-MS/MS method with enhanced sensitivity was developed which allows accurate measurements of LPA levels with a limit of quantitation at approximately 10 femtomoles. The method was validated by quantitation of LPA levels in …
The Molecular Mechanism Of Migraine, Kristin Dawn Watson
The Molecular Mechanism Of Migraine, Kristin Dawn Watson
Theses and Dissertations
Migraine is a common, episodic neurological disorder that includes headache, nausea and hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli. During the headache phase of migraine, migraine patients can be especially hypersensitive to thermal stimuli. The unpredictable and episodic nature of migraine makes it difficult to treat and much of the mechanism of migraine has yet to be elucidated. A T44A substitution in casein kinase 1δ is inherited with migraine with aura. A transgenic mouse model suggests that animals with this mutation exhibit increased sensitivity to thermal stimuli after injection with nitroglycerin (NTG). We performed behavior assays that measure animal responses to thermal stimuli, …
Structures Of Poliovirus And Antibody Complexes Reveal Movements Of The Capsid Protein Vp1 During Cell Entry, Jun Lin
Theses and Dissertations
In the infection process, native poliovirus (160S) first converts to a cell-entry intermediate (135S) particle, which causes the externalization of capsid proteins VP4 and the N-terminus of VP1 (residues 1-53). The externalization of these entities is followed by release of the RNA genome, leaving an empty (80S) particle. Three antibodies were utilized to track the location of VP1 residues in different states of poliovirus by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). "P1" antibody binds to N-terminal residues 24-40 of VP1. Three-dimensional reconstruction of 135S-P1 showed that P1 binds to a prominent capsid peak known as the "propeller tip". In contrast, our initial …
Novel Ion Trap Made Using Lithographically Patterned Plates, Ying Peng
Novel Ion Trap Made Using Lithographically Patterned Plates, Ying Peng
Theses and Dissertations
A new approach of making ion trap mass analyzers was developed in which trapping fields are created in the space between two ceramic plates. Based on microfabrication technology, a series of independently-adjustable electrode rings is lithographically patterned on the facing surfaces of each ceramic plate. The trapping field can be modified or fine-tuned simply by changing the RF amplitude applied to each electrode ring. By adjusting the potential function applied to the plates, arbitrary trapping fields can be created using the same set of ceramic plates. Unlike conventional ion traps, the electrodes of planar ion traps have a non-equipotential surface, …
Investigating A Model Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phase With Vibrationally Resonant Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy, Arthur D. Quast
Investigating A Model Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phase With Vibrationally Resonant Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy, Arthur D. Quast
Theses and Dissertations
Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) is a widely used technique for analytical separations but routinely requires empirical optimization. Gaining a better understanding of the molecular reasons for retention may mean more efficient separations with fewer trial and error runs to obtain optimized separations. Vibrationally resonant sum frequency generation (VR-SFG) is a surface specific technique that has allowed for in situ examination of model RPLC stationary phases under various solvent and pressure conditions. In order to improve on past work with model RPLC stationary phases two challenges had to be overcome. First, improved vibrational mode assignments of the C18 stationary phase were …
Progress Toward Theonellamide F, Jennifer Dawn Bettale
Progress Toward Theonellamide F, Jennifer Dawn Bettale
Theses and Dissertations
Theonellamide is a bicyclic peptide isolated from a marine sponge, which shows interesting biological activity. It contains several unnatural amino acids, among which are (2S,3R)-3-hydroxyasparagine (L-erythro-β-hydroxyasparagine) (β-OHAsn) and τ-L-histindino-D-alanine (τ-HAL). Although there were previous synthetic efforts toward each of these unnatural amino acids, the efforts were not ideal due to expensive starting material, time-consuming steps, and poor regioselectivity. The presented work demonstrates an inexpensive, enantioselective synthesis of β-OHAsn, which can be completed in a matter of weeks, as well as several attempts at a novel regiospecific approach toward τ-HAL, including work on a model study.
Examination Of Nak-Associated Protein-1 (Nap1) Homo And Hetero-Interactions In The Interferon Pathway”, Richard Call
Examination Of Nak-Associated Protein-1 (Nap1) Homo And Hetero-Interactions In The Interferon Pathway”, Richard Call
Theses and Dissertations
Double stranded RNA (dsRNA), the genomic material of some viruses and a replication intermediate in others, is recognized by multiple signaling receptors that initiate the anti-viral response1. Viruses have developed mechanisms to circumvent the anti-viral response by targeting components of the signaling pathway. An example of one such pathway is the TLR3 signaling pathway, which contains a kinase complex that activates interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), leading to production of type I interferons. The kinase complex consists of a scaffold protein, NAK-associated protein 1 (NAP1), and two kinases, TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK-1) and IκB kinase epsilon (IKKε). A fourty residue …
Analysis Of The Mechanism By Which Ykl-40 Promotes Glioma Cell Migration, Bahiya Osrah
Analysis Of The Mechanism By Which Ykl-40 Promotes Glioma Cell Migration, Bahiya Osrah
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis elucidates the crucial role of YKL-40 in enhancing glioma cell migration and invasion in vitro. Increased levels of YKL-40 are specifically associated with the increased invasive capacity of glioma multiforme (GBM) tumors and lower survival rate of GBM patients. In order to examine the effects of YKL-40 on the migration and invasion of GBM cells, we overexpressed YKL-40 in three different glioma cell lines. The overexpression of YKL-40 significantly enhanced glioma cells migration and invasion in vitro and also increased ERK phosphorylation, which is believed to enhance glioma cell survival, and invasiveness. Although receptors for YKL-40 are still …
Analysis Of Nfi-X3 And Stat3 Interaction And Its Functions, Etsegenet Tizazu
Analysis Of Nfi-X3 And Stat3 Interaction And Its Functions, Etsegenet Tizazu
Theses and Dissertations
YKL-40 is a secreted protein that is highly up-regulated in malignant glioblastoma (GBM). Its expression is correlated with the invasive nature of GBMs and poor diagnosis of patients (Nigro et al., 2005). Previous research has shown that in astrocytes and GBM cells, YKL-40 expression is regulated by two transcription factors, NFI-X3 and STAT3, which form a complex with each other (Singh et al., 2011). Here, we show that the N-terminal domain of NFI-X3 is sufficient and required for its interaction with STAT3. We also show that the DNA-binding domain of NFI-X3 is required to induce YKL-40 expression. Thus, the interaction …
Determining The Effect Of Double-Stranded Rna Treatment In Ovarian Cancer, Charlotte Roberts
Determining The Effect Of Double-Stranded Rna Treatment In Ovarian Cancer, Charlotte Roberts
Theses and Dissertations
DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA TREATMENT IN OVARIAN CANCER By Charlotte Faye Roberts, B.A. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Biochemistry at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2011Major Director: Jessica K. Bell, Ph.D.Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology. Epithelial ovarian cancer is a lethal gynecological malignancy. Due to its asymptomatic nature it is typically detected in the latter metastatic stages. Standard treatment protocol involves surgical cytoreduction, followed by a combination of taxane and platinum-based chemotherapeutics. Initially this treatment is successful however, most patients face recurring tumors …
Differentiation Of Bacillus Endospores From Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Of Biomarkers Produced By Thermochemolysis Methylation, Tai Van Truong
Differentiation Of Bacillus Endospores From Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Of Biomarkers Produced By Thermochemolysis Methylation, Tai Van Truong
Theses and Dissertations
Methods for fast, simple detection of biomarkers to detect and differentiate closely related Bacillus endospores including Bacillus anthracis (BA), Bacillus thuringiensis (BT), Bacillus atrophaeus (BG), and Bacillus cereus (BC) using thermochemolysis and methylation (TCM), coiled wire filament (CWF), solid phase micro extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were developed. The main biomarkers detected and used for differentiation include dipicolinic acid methyl ester (DPAME), fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), 3-methyl-2-butenoic acid methyl ester (3M2BAME), 2-butenoic acid methyl ester (2BAME), and several methylated sugars. TCM of endospores was performed based on hydrolysis and methylation at elevated temperature after the endospores were …
Human Endogenous Sodium Pump Inhibitors Measurement, Source, Synthesis And Regulation, Jie Ma
Human Endogenous Sodium Pump Inhibitors Measurement, Source, Synthesis And Regulation, Jie Ma
Theses and Dissertations
The sodium pump (SP or Na+,K+-ATPase) is a membrane embedded protein complex that pumps 3 sodium ions out and 2 potassium ions into the cell per cycle and in so doing creates a cell membrane electrochemical potential. The membrane potential is critical for any functional cell. In the vasculature, reduction in the voltage potential causes vascular smooth muscle contraction and a narrowing of blood vessels (vasoconstriction) which can lead to increased blood pressure (hypertension). Substantial research over the past several decades has provided a vast amount of research on SP inhibitors, sometimes called endogenous digitalis-like factors (EDLF). Increased levels of …
Super Collision Energy Transfer Studies In Single Collisions Between Vibrationally Hot Benzene Like Molecules And Ground State Bath Molecules: The Effect Of Physical Properties Of Donor And Bath Molecules On Super Collision Energy Transfer, Kilyoung Kim
Theses and Dissertations
This research is focused on single-collision energy transfer events between highly vibrationally excited benzene-like donor molecules and small bath molecules, CO2 and N2O in the vibrational ground level. Measuring how much energy is transferred from donors to bath molecules was accomplished by probing bath molecules scattered into specific-rotational states using a tunable Δv=0.0003 cm-1 solid state diode laser. The normalized energy transfer probability distribution function, P(E,E'), determined from energy gain information, is very useful in comparing collisional energy transfer efficiency between various collision systems. P(E,E') is also used to investigate the effects of donor and bath physical properties on collisional …