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Neighborhood Disorder And Risky Sexual Behaviors In Adolescents, Catheryn Orihuela
Neighborhood Disorder And Risky Sexual Behaviors In Adolescents, Catheryn Orihuela
All ETDs from UAB
This present study addresses the effect of neighborhood decay and a need for security on early sexual initiation, use of contraception, number of sexual partners, teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection (STI). As part of a larger investigation of adolescent health (Healthy Passages) the sample included 1,253 youth who were recruited from 5th grade classrooms in public schools in Birmingham, Alabama and followed throughout adolescence [1]. At baseline (Mage=11 years), trained observers completed assessments of neighborhood decay and security; geocoded census tract data yielded a composite measure of concentrated poverty; and youth and parents reported on their demographics and family …
The Effects Of Growth Hormone In Human Melanoma Cell Lines, Ashiya Buckels
The Effects Of Growth Hormone In Human Melanoma Cell Lines, Ashiya Buckels
All ETDs from UAB
Melanoma is less common than basal and squamous cell skin cancers, but is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. ~90% of melanomas carry a mutation in the RAS-RAF pathway, which promotes progression by constitutive activation of the extracellular sig-nal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascade. BRAF inhibition is an effective line of therapy for advance melanoma, but patients often progress due to the development of several forms of treatment resistance. Therapeutic resistance often results in increased invasion and migration of the cancer into proximal and distant tissues leading to the formation of metastasis. Examination of various cancer genomics data sets using …
Multimodal Imaging (Fmri Bold Task, Functional Connectivity & Spectroscopy) Longitudinal Analysis Of Antipsychotic Treatment Effects In Unmedicated Patients With Schizophrenia, Elyse Cadena
All ETDs from UAB
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects around 1% of the world’s population. Antipsychotic medication does not effectively treat all symptoms as around 1/3 of those diagnosed will remain unresponsive to treatment. Patients with schizophrenia (SZ) present dysfunction in cognitive control processes compared to healthy controls (HC). Neuroimaging SZ studies report abnormalities in brain function and neurochemistry, although the majority of these studies involve medicated patients. To better determine SZ brain abnormalities, it is vital to characterize brain function without the confounding effect of antipsychotic medication, determine the extent of medication’s effects on brain function, and the relationship with symptom …
On The Inside: Evaluating Arts Education Programs In Prisons, Natalie Rae Campbell
On The Inside: Evaluating Arts Education Programs In Prisons, Natalie Rae Campbell
All ETDs from UAB
Prison-arts programs are those that provide hands-on art education to inmates in correctional facilities. This study examines the prevalence of such programs throughout the United States as well as the effects that they have on inmates who participate in art education within a correctional facility. The project’s purpose raises questions about the efficacy of rehabilitative education and about how this type of education is funded and sustained. The research presented provides an insight into how many people prison-arts programs serve, at what frequency, and under what conditions classes are taught, as well as outside perceptions on the improvement of quality …
Sleep Disturbances In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Christian Clesi
Sleep Disturbances In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Christian Clesi
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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disability characterized by impairments in social communication and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Children with autism may also have associated symptoms; one of the most prevalent being sleep disorders, with estimated prevalence rates ranging from 40 to 80% (Goldman, McGrew, Johnson, Richdale, Clemons, & Malow, 2011). Measuring sleep disturbances in this population can be particularly challenging due to the symptoms of the disorder, including impairments in communication. Therefore, research in this field regularly relies on parent-report data to measure sleep disturbances in children with ASD. …
Growth And Analysis Of Transition-Metal-Doped Znse-Based Materials And Thin Film Structures For Mid-Infrared Optoelectronic Applications, Zachary R. Lindsey
Growth And Analysis Of Transition-Metal-Doped Znse-Based Materials And Thin Film Structures For Mid-Infrared Optoelectronic Applications, Zachary R. Lindsey
All ETDs from UAB
Transition metal (TM)-doped II-VI semiconductor thin films have been shown to be attractive materials for mid-infrared (mid-IR) laser sources due to broad applicability in the sensing and detection of a wide range of organic molecules. Specifically, when ZnSe is doped with Cr2+ ions, the resulting broadband emission characteristics in the 2-3 µm spectral range create the potential for tunable lasing in the mid-IR. This dissertation research is motivated by the need for low cost, efficient, portable materials to be incorporated into multilayered mid-IR optoelectronic devices providing appropriate optical confinement, efficient quantum confinement of carriers, and optical emission in the mid-IR …
Not By That Of Heaven: The Influence Of Theatre Lighting On The Early Works Of Charles Dickens, Grant Martin
Not By That Of Heaven: The Influence Of Theatre Lighting On The Early Works Of Charles Dickens, Grant Martin
All ETDs from UAB
Changes in technology in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries had a profound impact on the way lighting was manipulated in theatres. No longer a simple question of illuminating action, lighting became a dynamic and essential element of drama. As an enthusiast of theatre during this transition, a young Charles Dickens was influenced by the visual spectacle he saw in theatres, and that influence is evident in his early novels. Those narratives frequently employ specific descriptions of light and perspective, which are key components of Dickens’ unique and widely celebrated visual style. In the early novels explored here, we see how …
Religion/Spirituality And Mental Health/ Well-Being Among Women Living With Hiv, Haley Medved Kendrick
Religion/Spirituality And Mental Health/ Well-Being Among Women Living With Hiv, Haley Medved Kendrick
All ETDs from UAB
Depression among people living with HIV (PLWH) is associated with social factors such as employment, poor adherence to HIV medication and treatment, and HIV disease progression. However, estimates of prevalence rates of depression among PLWH vary widely, from 1% to 48%. Women living with HIV (WLWH) often report spirituality as an important factor in coping with stressors associated with HIV infection. Spirituality has been found to be associated with social involvement, effective coping, decreased stress, psychological adjustment, and positive mental health outcomes among PLWH. The current study aims to longitudinally examine trends of spirituality and mental health/well-being in the lives …
Racial Disparities In Oncology Clinical Trial Participation: A Qualitative Exploration, Soumya J. Niranjan
Racial Disparities In Oncology Clinical Trial Participation: A Qualitative Exploration, Soumya J. Niranjan
All ETDs from UAB
Introduction: Current rates of participation for racial and ethnic minorities in cancer clinical trials are significantly lower when compared to non-Hispanic whites. The patients’ perspective on reasons for low participation is abundant. Yet, very little is known from the perspective of clinical and research professionals who are actively involved in patient recruitment. This study seeks to understand their perspective on how the external environment associated with the health care system contributes to limited participation of racial and ethnic minority groups in cancer clinical trials. To that effect, the health services utilization framework was utilized. Data/Methods: EMPaCT data with 91 qualitative …
Hands Like Chains, Garrett Lee Odom
Hands Like Chains, Garrett Lee Odom
All ETDs from UAB
The poems in this thesis attempt to reach the universal in the specific, to find the common in the uncommon, the ubiquitous in idiosyncrasies. These poems often confront the spiritual within the physical, hopefully revealing a mysticism specific to each subject. These poems, though not entirely evident in their subject matter, are influenced by Southern culture and life. Here, the Southern background of the writer becomes an undertone to the poems themselves, and whether the poem is set in the imagination of a painting or a back yard in Alabama, the language that brings these poems to life spawns from …
Effect Of Dietary Compounds In Epigenetic Modulation And Microbial Alteration And Their Roles In Breast Tumor Inhibition, Bidisha Paul
Effect Of Dietary Compounds In Epigenetic Modulation And Microbial Alteration And Their Roles In Breast Tumor Inhibition, Bidisha Paul
All ETDs from UAB
Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer death among women in the United States. Current methods of chemoprevention and therapy have cytotoxic effects and have several short-term and long-term side effects. Therefore, the use of natural dietary bioactive compounds has gained prominence as safe and effective agents of chemoprevention and therapy. Genistein (GE), an isoflavone found in soy products, has been shown to exhibit several anticancer properties, particularly as an epigenetic modifier. We have observed that GE has the ability to alter the gut microbiome of germ-free mice humanized with fecal transplants from breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We …
Tutoring Video Compositions: A Model Of Adaptation, Teresa Mckinney Davis
Tutoring Video Compositions: A Model Of Adaptation, Teresa Mckinney Davis
All ETDs from UAB
With the availability and ease-of-use of recording software on mobile phones, video essays are more accessible for composition classrooms. As these assignments are increasingly used, writ-ing centers are addressing the need for the ability to tutor video compositions. This article and conference presentation explore the foundational practices of directive and non-directive tutor-ing, examining how they can be adapted to working with video. More specifically, I argue that tutors can adapt existing theory and training to maintain a collaborative method when working with digital writing, without the need for specialized technology or technical training.
Out Of America, William Ervin King
Out Of America, William Ervin King
All ETDs from UAB
OUT OF AMERICA WILLIAM ‘BO’ KING ENGLISH ABSTRACT Out of America is a creative nonfiction novella that tells the story of my life as an expatriate minor, living away from the United States where I was born. The story covers a number of themes including divorce, kidnapping, race, anti-American sentiment, death, rebirth, and figuring out my place in the middle of all of it. I wanted to write this piece to finally give voice to myself and my history. The story begins with my family’s flight from the United States. This came after legal recourse had been denied following allegations …
Mobile Rhetorics: Laptop Stickers, Emplacement, And Circulation, Kathleen Kryger
Mobile Rhetorics: Laptop Stickers, Emplacement, And Circulation, Kathleen Kryger
All ETDs from UAB
This thesis proposes that a new materialist rhetorical investigation of stickers placed on mobile objects of personal use allows scholars to recognize a semiotic and rhetorical connection between human rhetors and the objects of their daily lives. To explore this connection, I analyze stickers situated on laptop computers through their materiality, their geosemiotic emplacement, and their potential rhetorical circulation patterns. Stickers placed on such mobile objects capitalize on their rhetorical consequentiality through their situatedness in the physical world and their connection to the human rhetors positioned in relation to the objects. This work hopes to shift the perception of objects …
The Effects Of Need-Based Aid On College Enrollment: An Analysis Of Institutions That Award College Promise Scholarships, Undre Phillips
The Effects Of Need-Based Aid On College Enrollment: An Analysis Of Institutions That Award College Promise Scholarships, Undre Phillips
All ETDs from UAB
People that obtain a college degree or certification are more likely to have an enhanced quality of life in areas of physical, mental, and financial well-being. The College Promise program promotes college enrollment by offering need-based scholarships with hopes that all students can obtain at least a two-year degree. Several scholars have examined the pre- and post-enrollment effects of College Promise programs on a per program basis, but no nationwide study exists that examines pre- and post-enrollment of institutions that award the scholarship. To determine the enrollment effect of College Promise programs, I examine the post-effect of enrollment among the …
The Influence Of Treatment Expectation On Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Tdcs)-Induced Suppression Of Craving And Eating, Mary Katherine Ray
The Influence Of Treatment Expectation On Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Tdcs)-Induced Suppression Of Craving And Eating, Mary Katherine Ray
All ETDs from UAB
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulation technique with promise to improve numerous diseases, but results are inconsistent. Possible explanations for the conflicting evidence include: 1) expectation effects arising from discernable real vs. sham tDCS conditions, and 2) uncontrolled individual differences related to the outcome variables. Therefore, we conducted a study that systematically assessed the putative action of tDCS to suppress food craving and eating while controlling for expectation effects and baseline individual differences. N=74 adults were randomized to one of four groups: Told Fake/Got Fake (participants were told they were receiving fake and received fake tDCS), Told Fake/Got …
Understanding Associations Among Race, Socioeconomic Status, And The Experience Of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical And Experimental Evidence, Kathryn Ann Thompson
Understanding Associations Among Race, Socioeconomic Status, And The Experience Of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical And Experimental Evidence, Kathryn Ann Thompson
All ETDs from UAB
Knee OA is an active disease process involving cartilage destruction, subchondral bone thickening, and new bone formation affecting 22% of American adults (46.4 million) over age 18 years. Past literature suggests, a disproportionate number of racial/ethnic minorities, particularly non-Hispanic Blacks, are affected by knee OA. Furthermore, over one in four (28%) Blacks have an income below the national poverty level compared with 11% of Whites. Therefore, the overall aim of this study is to examine racial and SES differences in the experience of pain and physical functioning in adults with knee OA. 191 participants (62% female, 52% Black) were recruited …
Calcium Signaling And Regulation Of Ecdysteroid Molting Hormone Production In Y-Organs Of The Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus), Megan Elizabeth Roegner
Calcium Signaling And Regulation Of Ecdysteroid Molting Hormone Production In Y-Organs Of The Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus), Megan Elizabeth Roegner
All ETDs from UAB
In the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), molting, and subsequent incremental growth, is triggered by the release of molting hormones, or ecdysteroids, from paired endocrine glands termed Y-organs. The method that triggers the increase in ecdysteroid release before molting is not fully resolved, but previous evidence suggests a calcium (Ca2+) signal may be involved. The goal of this research is to better understand the role Ca2+ signaling plays in blue crab molt hormone production. The first part of my dissertation focused on the Ca2+ regulatory protein sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), which removes Ca2+ to the ER after a Ca2+ influx. …
Combinatorial Withaferin A And Sulforaphane And Their Potential Roles In Breast Cancer Prevention And Therapy, Kendra Jeanine Royston
Combinatorial Withaferin A And Sulforaphane And Their Potential Roles In Breast Cancer Prevention And Therapy, Kendra Jeanine Royston
All ETDs from UAB
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and is a devastating disease. Breast cancer is of particular interest because it is a major cause of cancer-related fatality in women in the United States. To date, more than 40,000 women are expected to die due to breast cancer and more than 200,000 will be diagnosed every year. Despite numerous advancements in the field, breast cancer remedies can be harsh and while life may be prolonged, the quality of life may decrease. This being said, preventive measures and less harsh treatment options are needed to help eliminate breast cancer as a …
Early Childhood Temperament And Eating Behaviors, Desti Shepard
Early Childhood Temperament And Eating Behaviors, Desti Shepard
All ETDs from UAB
Childhood obesity is a nationwide epidemic associated with serious metabolic and mental health issues, as well as increased risk for obesity in adulthood. Many factors influence the development of obesity in childhood, including individual factors such as deficits in self-regulatory behaviors. This study examined associations among aspects of self-regulation and eating behaviors of young children. We hypothesized that 1) children with lower attention scores would be rated as having greater food responsiveness (FR) and poorer satiety responsiveness (SR); 2) children with poor inhibitory control would be rated as having greater FR; 3) children with poorer emotion regulation abilities would be …
Stellar Mass Density Dependence Of Hot Gas Retention In Local (Z < 0.03) Early-Type Galaxies, Chris Spradlin
Stellar Mass Density Dependence Of Hot Gas Retention In Local (Z < 0.03) Early-Type Galaxies, Chris Spradlin
All ETDs from UAB
Hot gas characteristic to early-type galaxies (ETG) has been well-studied; this hot gas is the result of high velocity dispersions intrinsic to galaxies with low net angular momentum, in conjunction with stellar mass loss of highly-evolved red giant stars. Accordingly, one would expect the extent of these hot gas halos to trace very well with stellar mass, which is typically calculated with tightly-constrained mass-to-light ratios in the infrared K-band. However, ETGs exhibit a large dispersion between their X-ray hot gas luminosities and their K-band luminosities, indicating that the presence of ETG hot gas halos is only loosely related to their …
Disaster Medical Preparedness In The Birmingham Metropolitan Community, Angela Hollowell
Disaster Medical Preparedness In The Birmingham Metropolitan Community, Angela Hollowell
All ETDs from UAB
This research study aims to determine the presence of disaster medical preparedness in residents of the Birmingham metropolitan area. A concurrent collection of qualitative and quantitative data analysis was used to assess the perceived risk of a natural disaster, determine the socioeconomic status of residents, evaluate the health needs of residents, and examine the presence of disaster medical preparedness. Face-to-face interviews of research participants were conducted for six weeks at five churches: 6th Avenue Baptist Church, Avondale Church of Christ, Mountain Brook Community Church, Southside Church of God, and True Love Church of Ensley. In analyzing the results of the …
Hippocampal Ca1 Dentation And Its Relationship With Episodic Memory In Healthy Children, Julia Beattie
Hippocampal Ca1 Dentation And Its Relationship With Episodic Memory In Healthy Children, Julia Beattie
All ETDs from UAB
Hippocampal dentation is a morphological feature present on the inferior surface of the human hippocampus, most clearly visible in the sagittal view in structural neuroimaging. This dissertation examines the development of hippocampal dentation during childhood and adolescence, as well as its functional relationship with episodic memory performance. Our previous work in examining hippocampal dentation in healthy adults represented the first systematic description as well as the first indication of functional significance of this feature (i.e., both verbal and visual memory performance). In this new series of studies, two large, NIH-funded databases were utilized to examine this feature in samples of …
Driving Through The Fog: The Impact Of Traumatic Brain Injury On Mental Fog And Driving Performance, Tyler Reed Bell
Driving Through The Fog: The Impact Of Traumatic Brain Injury On Mental Fog And Driving Performance, Tyler Reed Bell
All ETDs from UAB
Every year, millions of people in the United States sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Subsequently, a subset of people with TBIs may incur roadway crashes due to poorer vehicle maneuvering and problems with higher-order driving skills such as speed control and lane maintenance. Research is needed to better understand what relates to driving aptitude following TBI. Previous research in individuals with TBI has focused on objective cognition, the set of mental abilities that help to process information for memory, planning, and action. TBIs can result in cognitive difficulties, which for some, may last months after mild cases and a …
Examination Of The Dynamic Assembly Mechanism Of E. Coli Clpa, Elizabeth C. Duran
Examination Of The Dynamic Assembly Mechanism Of E. Coli Clpa, Elizabeth C. Duran
All ETDs from UAB
E. coli ClpA is an AAA+ (ATPase Associated with diverse cellular Activities) chaperone that catalyzes the ATP-dependent unfolding and translocation of substrate proteins targeted for degradation into a protease, ClpP. ClpA, like many other AAA+ proteins, assembles into a hexameric ring competent for binding polypeptide substrate clients in the presence of ATP. Each ClpA protomer contains two nucleotide binding domains, NBD1 and NBD2. Recently, our lab applied hydrodynamic techniques to quantify the self-assembly mechanism of a closely related AAA+ chaperone, E. coli ClpB. Here we apply the techniques and analysis from that work to investigate the nucleotide-linked self-assembly mechanism of …
Investigating Driving Performance In Older Adults: A Continuum Of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Tyler Preston Bull
Investigating Driving Performance In Older Adults: A Continuum Of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Tyler Preston Bull
All ETDs from UAB
Driving is an important instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) that is crucial for mobility and independence of adults in the United States. Dementia and cognitive impairment are indicated as increasing risk for driving impairment and cessation, prompting the necessity for screeners in predicting impaired driving performance. The Trails Making Test (TMT) A and B, and the Useful Field of View (UFOV) are common measures used to predict driving performance across populations of older adults. Prior research has shown that Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), which is theorized as an intermediary between normal aging and dementia, is associated with subtle declines …
Religiosity And Spirituality As Predictors Of Substance Use In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Benjamin Edwin Burgess
Religiosity And Spirituality As Predictors Of Substance Use In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Benjamin Edwin Burgess
All ETDs from UAB
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a degenerative chronic illness that results in pulmonary and gastrointestinal impairment. Because health-related behaviors, such as substance use, impact health outcomes in this population, it is important to understand factors that predict substance use in patients with CF. Thus, this study aimed to examine the unique roles of spirituality and religiosity in alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use. Higher religiosity was expected to predict lower substance use directly, reflecting a direct regulation of health behavior. Higher spirituality was expected to predict less substance use through lower depression, reflecting an indirect regulation of health behavior through emotion regulation. …
A Dissection Of Vibration Side Channels: Privacy Attacks, Countermeasures, And Defensive Applications, S Abhishek Anand
A Dissection Of Vibration Side Channels: Privacy Attacks, Countermeasures, And Defensive Applications, S Abhishek Anand
All ETDs from UAB
The ubiquitous nature of consumer devices like smartphones, laptops, smartwatches and other smart devices in the current era has led to increased privacy concerns from side-channel attacks that tend to exploit the seemingly benign components of these devices to eavesdrop on confidential data. In particular, many of these devices host increasingly complex hardware sensors for delivering a rich and personalized user experience by consuming a significant amount of personalized information but overlook the possible privacy leakage introduced due to lack of secure implementation of these sensors. The side-channel attacks targeting such privacy leakage are low-cost in nature, using off-the-shelf equipment …
Kinship, Scot Pierrot Langland
Kinship, Scot Pierrot Langland
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KINSHIP SCOT P. LANGLAND ENGLISH ABSTRACT The body of poems collected in this thesis encompasses the stages of loving and losing. As a whole, these poems fixate on themes of absence, grief, denial, dejection, love, and lust. The narrative within this body of work threads through the transformation between innocence and experience. As one aesthetic identity flows into another, the voice and form of each poem expand and contract. The formal nature of these poems offers a mold with which reactions and observations can be poured into and then broken. With the broken nature of traditional forms (the sonnet, Spensarian, …
Apoe E4 Carrier Status And Prestroke Cognitive Function In A Case/Cohort Sample Of Incident Stroke From The Reasons For Geographic And Racial Differences In Stroke (Regards) Study, Caroline Lassen-Greene
Apoe E4 Carrier Status And Prestroke Cognitive Function In A Case/Cohort Sample Of Incident Stroke From The Reasons For Geographic And Racial Differences In Stroke (Regards) Study, Caroline Lassen-Greene
All ETDs from UAB
This study explores the role of ApoE e4 in cognitive function and incident stroke to better understand the risk of cognitive decline associated with both normal aging and dementia. ApoE e4 is a genetic risk factor for mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and may have detrimental effects on cerebrovascular integrity by increasing the risk of acquiring cerebrovascular abnormalities such as white matter lesions (WMLs), infarcts, and cerebral microbleeds. Subtle cognitive impairments may reflect these clinically undetected brain vascular pathologies that also are associated with increased likelihood of incident stroke. Results of the study revealed that ApoE e4 was associated with …