Digital Commons Network^™

Identities Development Of Adult Chinese Heritage Language Learners From Southeast Asian American Families, Feng Liang

Journal of Southeast Asian American Education and Advancement

Although linguistic and cultural varieties exist among Chinese Heritage Language Learners (CHLLs), little attention has been given to how adult CHLLs with non-Mandarin backgrounds attempt to negotiate their identities when they learned Chinese. Grounded in He’s (2008, 2016) theory of Chinese heritage language (CHL) development, this study explored the construction of identities of Chinese adults with non-Mandarin backgrounds in the process of Chinese heritage language learning. Three adult CHLLs in the United States participated in a multiple case study that lasted for six months. Data collection included interviews, journals, observations, and informal communications. Findings suggest that CHLLs of non-Mandarin backgrounds …

Building Networks Of Enterprise: Sustained Learning In The Writing Center, Steve Sherwood

Writing Center Journal

This essay examines the learning processes of writing center professionals through the lens of “networks of enterprise” (Wallace & Gruber, 1989), which reflects on the dynamic processes through which creative people, like writing center professionals (WCPs), bring together the diverse and complex tasks undertaken in their everyday work into a cohesive and satisfying career. While there is substantial turnover in the profession, some WCPs stay in writing center positions for decades. Drawing on information gathered through surveys and interviews with ten long-term WCPs (with an average of 28 years of experience), as well as reflecting on his own career, the …

Agents Of Change: African American Contributions To Writing Centers, Sue Mendelsohn, Clarissa Walker

Writing Center Journal

African Americans and their contributions to our field’s first pedagogical models and operational structures are absent from writing center histories. This archival research invokes their presence by recounting the stories of five African American innovators—Bess Bolden “B. B.” Walcott, Coragreene Johnstone, Anne Cooke, Hugh Gloster, and Percival Bertrand “Bert” Phillips—spanning four decades at three historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). Their stories invite an expansive understanding of writing center work, moving beyond a focus on traditional tutoring and strictly alphabetic literacies and into “strategic literacies”—the survival skills needed to stand up for oneself and one’s community in the face of …

“Was It Useful? Like, Really?”: Client And Consultant Perceptions Of Post-Session Satisfaction Surveys, Katie Levin, Sarah Selz, Meredith Steck, Eric Wisz

Writing Center Journal

Client satisfaction surveys have long been a cornerstone of writing center assessment, but to date, research on satisfaction surveys has largely focused on analyzing client responses from the survey and their administrative uses. Research rarely investigates why clients provide the responses they do and how consultants process these responses. This study, therefore, involved conducting separate client and consultant focus groups to learn about each population’s interactions with one writing center’s optional post-session satisfaction survey and the survey results. The findings revealed that while client participants used the survey to communicate high levels of satisfaction, client participants also thought about the …

Front Matter

Writing Center Journal

Front matter and editors' introduction to The Writing Center Journal 39:1–2 (2021).

Review: Advocating, Building, And Collaborating: A Resource Toolkit To Sustain Secondary School Writing Centers Edited By Renee Brown And Stacey Waldrup, Jenny Goransson

Writing Center Journal

The past decade has shown enormous growth in the number of SSWCs and a need for increased scholarship and research from this group. Inspired by the work of previous secondary school writing center director (SSWCD) authors, the content offered in the Advocating, Building, and Collaborating toolkit is rooted in directors’ real experiences in K–12 schools, rather than in the post-secondary context we find in most writing center scholarship.

Unicorn Status, Queer Activism, And Bullied Laboring: Lgbtq Writing Center Directors Reflect On Invisible Work, Travis Webster

Writing Center Journal

This article showcases interviews with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) writing center directors about their administrative work. In it, findings reveal that participant work distinctly departs from recent empirical writing center research about labor (Geller & Denny, 2013; Caswell, Grutsch McKinney, & Jackson, 2016), particularly in ways that practitioners’ invisible administrative work is informed and complicated by their LGBTQ identities. Across 20 interviews, participants communicated that their work extends to making queer activist space through their writing centers; to supporting tutors, students, and colleagues of all orientations with issues central to queer communities and mental health; and to …

Centering The Emotional Labor Of Writing Tutors, Bethany Mannon

Writing Center Journal

Writing consultants regularly perform emotional labor. They suppress or express emotions to welcome clients and invoke enthusiasm to cultivate writers’ confidence. Because emotional labor performs these crucial functions, it merits focused attention in writing center studies. However, while research has considered the emotional needs that writers bring, scholars have not yet sufficiently examined the affective engagements that consultations require of writing consultants. The first section of this article presents a case for treating affective dimensions of tutoring as labor. The second section analyzes five tutor-training manuals using the Specific Affect Coding System (SPAFF) to identify references to emotion and affect …

Faith, Secularism, And The Need For Interfaith Dialogue In Writing Center Work, Anna Sicari, Liliana M. Naydan, Andrea Rosso Efthymiou

Writing Center Journal

This article argues that religious and secularist identities complement and intersect in political ways with race, class, gender, sexuality, and nationality and that they inform writing center practice because belief exists along a spectrum that involves all writing center inhabitants and affects all writing-centered conversations. We suggest that this spectrum of faith is evocative of the spectrums that theorists of race, gender, and sexuality in particular have discussed, yet often faith has been overlooked in discussions of identity in writing center work (Denny, 2010). We propose that theories of race, gender, sexuality and other identities that have served as springboards …

The Response To The Call For Rad Research: A Review Of Articles In The Writing Center Journal, 2007–2018, Havva Zorluel Ozer, Jing Zhang

Writing Center Journal

The study examined in this article explored the impact of RAD research on articles (N = 97) in a 12-year period of The Writing Center Journal (WCJ), in 2007–2012 and 2013–2018, to achieve four purposes: 1. to document the amount of replicable, aggregable, and data-supported (RAD) research published in WCJ in two equal periods before and after Driscoll & Wynn Perdue’s (2012) call for RAD research in writing center scholarship; 2. to identify how WCJ articles score in individual areas specified in Driscoll & Wynn Perdue’s RAD research rubric; 3. to provide an understanding of methodological trends in research …

Nes And Nnes Student Writers’ Very Long Turns In Writing Center Conferences, Jo Mackiewicz, Zach Gasior

Writing Center Journal

Most tutors are trained in a core writing centers belief: Student writers who talk about their writing are student writers who will achieve better learning outcomes. Our comparative study—one of few in writing center research—examined the points in conferences in which student writers talked the most. We examined the very long turns (VLTs) of eight native English speaking (NES) student writers and eight non-native English speaking (NNES) student writers across 16 writing center conferences. We found that NESs contributed more VLTs than NNESs and that more NES conferences contained VLTs. We also found that stating goals for the conference occurred …

Review: Theories And Methods Of Writing Center Research: A Practical Guide Edited By Jo Mackiewicz And Rebecca Day Babcock, Emily Bouza

Writing Center Journal

With nine chapters on theories and 10 chapters on methods, all contributed by knowledgeable professionals, Theories and Methods of Writing Center Research: A Practical Guide, edited by Jo Mackiewicz & Rebecca Day Babcock, is the research guide I have been waiting for. I have previously conducted two IRB-approved studies on writing centers and am in the middle of my third; without this guide, I have had to pull from multiple sources and have tried to read between the lines of published articles to determine the theories, methods, and methodologies that might best suit a writing center-specific context as a …

Reflections On Award-Winning Books, 1985-2020

Writing Center Journal

Deidra Faye Jackson and Alice Johnston Myatt

Reflection: ESL Writers: A Guide for Writing Center Tutors

edited by Shanti Bruce and Ben Rafoth, 2004

Composing An Anti-Racism And Social Justice Statement At A Rural Writing Center, Amanda Fields

Writing Center Journal

This article describes the year-long collaborative composing process of a rural writing center seeking to develop an anti-racism and social justice statement. The author reflects on the way in which rural perspectives are often dismissed, often seen as provincial and hostile towards ideas that might be included in an anti-racism and social justice statement. The piece also connects theories of composing, fluidity, and identity to the writing of the statement and provides a detailed analysis of the lengthy, often challenging composing process used. The author finds that the collaborative composing process, more than the resulting statement, was significant to the …

The Neglected “R”: Replicability, Replication, And Writing Center Research, Susanne Hall, Holly Ryan

Writing Center Journal

This article makes an argument for the value of both replicable research and replication research in writing center studies. In their discussion of replicability, the authors argue that writing about empirical research so that this research can be replicated will improve the quality of communication in writing center studies whether or not replication studies are subsequently undertaken. The authors further provide for researchers specific guidance on how to create replicable studies, focusing on best practices for describing data sets and sampling, sharing surveys and interview protocols, detailing coding efforts, establishing infrastructure to share data sets, and writing about statistics. Further, …

Praising Papers, Clarifying Concerns: How Writers Respond To Praise In Writing Center Tutorials, Mike Haen

Writing Center Journal

In face-to-face writing center tutorials, tutor praise is an action that builds rapport and motivates writers (Mackiewicz & Thompson, 2013). Drawing on and extending prior interactional analyses of praise, this article examines writers’ responses to text-based praise across 10 tutorials, with a particular focus on interactional segments in which writers reformulate their previously mentioned concerns in response to tutor praise. Unlike more common responses that signal acceptance of the praise, such as appreciation, overt acceptance, and alignment, this responding action reflects some momentary misunderstanding between tutor and writer in the tutorial interaction. Despite this, these segments also show writers taking …

Review: Learning From The Lived Experiences Of Graduate Student Writers Edited By Shannon Madden, Michele Eodice, Kirsten T. Edwards, And Alexandria Lockett, Rebecca Day Babcock

Writing Center Journal

Learning from the Lived Experiences of Graduate Student Writers takes us from narratives to research. I was interested in and looked forward to reading this book, as, over the summer, some graduate students and I read Degrees of Difference: Reflections of Women of Color on Graduate School (McKee & Delgado, 2020), and I wanted to see how the books complemented each other. While Degrees of Difference was more personal, more narrative-based, and more interdisciplinary, both books stressed the importance of mentoring. But I am especially excited to bring some of the ideas from Learning from the Lived Experiences of Graduate …

Contingent Writing Center Work: Benefits, Risks, And The Need For Equity And Institutional Change, Dawn Fels, Clint Gardner, Maggie M. Herb, Liliana M. Naydan

Writing Center Journal

This study investigates and reports on the personal, professional, and programmatic benefits and risks associated with contingent writing center work. Interviews were conducted with 48 contingent writing centers workers, including directors, assistant directors, associate directors, graduate student workers, and tutors. Survey data of the interview participants showed contingent writing center workers are usually White women with advanced degrees. Most of this article focuses on interview data, analyzed using grounded theory. Interviews revealed participants’ understanding of what contingency means and revealed their struggles with instability, insecurity, and uncertainty even while they lauded the flexibility, freedom, and autonomy their contingency afforded them. …

A Balancing Act: Black Women Experiencing And Negotiating Racial Tension In The Center, Talisha Haltiwanger Morrison

Writing Center Journal

Writing centers increasingly have been concerned with issues of race and racism in the center. However, most of the conversation around race has centered on student writers, with references to tutors of color given only in passing or in the context of larger discussions on race. This study uses interview data and a grounded theory methodology to examine the experiences of racism and anti-Blackness in writing centers for female Black undergraduate and graduate peer tutors, categorizing the experiences in three ways: attacks on character and identity, denials of credibility, and silencing. Connections are drawn with the experiences the tutors have …

La Méditerranée Des Artistes: Ouverture Sur Le Présent, Maria Grazia Messina

Artl@s Bulletin

Ce texte, conçu comme un épilogue au colloque La Méditerranée des artistes, entend faire le point sur les méthodes de travail des artistes qui ont abordé le thème de l’identité méditerranéenne dans leurs œuvres au cours des cinquante dernières années. A la lumière de quelques récents points de repère bibliographique, des thèmes majeurs sont envisagés, tels que le genius loci, la crise induite par une remise en cause des identités due à la mondialisation, le risque du folklore et d’un orientalisme introjecté, les différences entre les artistes des rives Nord et Sud de la Méditerranée.

Le Baiser D'André Fougeron. Italie 1947, Yves Chevrefils Desbiolles

Artl@s Bulletin

Il peut arriver qu’une anecdote tapie au creux d’un fonds d’archives suffise à rafraîchir le regard critique jeté sur une œuvre et sur son créateur. Au printemps 1947, la visite du peintre André Fougeron à la basilique San Francesco d’Arezzo, fait partie de ces petits événements dont il faut tirer le fil pour mieux comprendre la place occupée par cet artiste, chez qui la fonction sociale de l’art se décline de manière contrastée en divers styles figuratifs, dans l’histoire de la peinture européenne de la seconde moitié du siècle dernier.

« Squilli Di Gloria Nel Sole Di Napoli »: Le Pavillon L’Albania Nella Civiltà Mediterranea De La Prima Mostra Triennale Delle Terre Italiane D’Oltremare À Naples (1940), Alessandro Gallicchio

Artl@s Bulletin

En 1940, à l’aide d’un dispositif de monstration complexe, le pavillon de l’Albanie de l’expo-sition coloniale de Naples propose, pour la première fois, une lecture italienne et fasciste du passé de ce pays balkanique, en évoquant des raisons d’ordre culturel et géographique : son identité « romaine », son positionnement à 71 km des côtes italiennes et ses richesses archéologiques. À partir de ce cas inédit, l’article tâche de questionner la nature des produc-tions artistiques conçues pour ce projet idéologique, d’analyser les discours historiques pro-duits autour du mythe de l’Albanie romaine et fasciste et de décrypter les stratégies visuelles employées …

La Méditerranée De Tériade Pendant L’Entre-Deux Guerres, Poppy Sfakianaki

Artl@s Bulletin

Cet article traite de l’utilisation de l’idée de la Méditerranée par le critique d’art Tériade en France de l’entre-deux-guerres. En s’alignant avec le courant intellectuel et artistique dominant à l’époque qui considérait l’art du Sud/méditerranéen supérieur à l’art du nord/allemand, il a souligné dans ses écrits l’origine méditerranéenne des artistes qu’il souhaitait promouvoir ainsi que les caractéristiques méditerranéennes de leur art. Étant lui-même d’origine grecque, ses arguments sur la méditerranéité de l’art et des artistes reflétèrent tout autant chez Tériade un outil d’intégration dans l’establishment culturel français.

The Myth Of ‘Mare Nostrum’: Themes And Exhibitions, Legacy And Experimentation In The Construction Of Mediterranean Fascist Italy, Aurora Roscini Vitali

Artl@s Bulletin

This essay aims to analyse the ways in which the myth of the Mare nostrum entered into the artistic iconography of the early twentieth century. It was highly amplified during the Fascist regime thanks to some relevant graphic works, monumental commissions and, above all, temporary exhibitions that were characterized by a propagandistic overtone. The representation of a Mediterranean (in fact Italian) common identity became a fundamental part of a pervasive political strategy. The stylistic choices were conditioned both by the need to emphasize the glorious return of “Latinness” and the incardination of the “new” fascist modernity.

Formes Et Cahiers D’Art Dans Le Débat Des Années 1930: La Méditerranée Comme Creuset De La Suprématie Culturelle, Eleni Stavroulaki

Artl@s Bulletin

La géographie de l’art prend un essor incontestable dans les années 1930, alimentant une polarisation, souvent démesurée, entre le Nord et le Sud, à laquelle s’attachent des attributs culturels, artistiques et spirituels antithétiques. Des figures tutélaires de ce tournant historiographique, tel Josef Strzygowski, font leur apparition dans les revues de la période, dynamisant davantage le discours. Rapidement, les revues d’art, entre autres Formes et Cahiers d’art, sont convoquées à prendre position pour ou contre la Méditerranée comme point de départ d’un renouveau artistique à venir.

Mediterranizing Gauguin. Giuseppe Biasi’S Africa And Sardinia, Giuliana Altea

Artl@s Bulletin

Looking at the North- African stay of the artist Giuseppe Biasi (1885–1945), the paper deals with a brand of Mediterraneism marked by issues of national and regional identity. A key figure of the regionalist movement in his native Sardinia, in Egypt Biasi sympathized with the painters Mukhtar and Said’s nationalist ideals. Back in Italy, his works showed a conflation of the African and Sardinian worlds, implicitly confirming the theories of the anthropologist Giuseppe Sergi about the Italians as Mediterranean race and contributing to spread the fascist notion of a mediterraneism aimed at justifying colonialism.

L’Accent Sur Le Local : Modernisme Et Régionalisme Dans L’Art Grec De L’Entre-Deux-Guerres, Christina Dimakopoulou

Artl@s Bulletin

In 1919 a group of Greek modernist artists under the name “Groupe Tekhni” was presented to the Parisian public through a collective exhibition aiming at proving the synchronized status and the international scope of Greek contemporary art. Against all the ambitions, the exhibition did not meet the expectations of French critics who were searching vainly in the work of Greek artists for a certain accent local, typical of the region of oriental Mediterranean. This paper investigates the way in which the concept of accent local, proposed by the French critics, was interpreted in the Greek art of the …

Mediterranean Cubisms: Decoration, Classicism, Picasso And Professionalism, David Cottington

Artl@s Bulletin

‘A working countryside is hardly ever a landscape’, Raymond Williams observed fifty years ago in his book The Country and the City; for to perceive it as such is to have both the leisure and the distance from it, to aestheticize it. This essay argues that, similarly, art practices have too often been understood ‘from the outside in’: that in Cubist representations of the Mediterranean, the picturesque quality of the Riviera insinuated itself—indeed that that the influence of the decorative was so far- reaching in the inter- World War years that it co- opted avant-gardism itself, and that the …

Disclosing The Ultimate Mediterranean Cubist Village. Place, Identity And Politics In Eduardo Viana’S Olhão Landscapes, Joana Cunha Leal

Artl@s Bulletin

This article studies the early 1920s Olhão views painted by Eduardo Viana (1881–1967). It analyzes Viana’s turn to Algarvian-Mediterranean landscapes, while considering the emergence of Olhão as the Portuguese “cubist village” rendered just before its regionalization by the fascist cultural industry. I contend that Viana’s vistas stem from his cosmopolitan profile and earlier avant-garde experiences, suggesting also that Olhão’s Mediterranean “cubist”-built environment offered Viana the prospect of a denationalized geography. The relationship between identity, place and politics will therefore be discussed.

Un Modernisme Méditerranéen? Usages Du Voyage De Klee En Tunisie, Dominique Jarrassé

Artl@s Bulletin

Parler de « modernisme méditerranéen » ne serait-il pas déguiser d’oripeaux bien-pensants le maintien de l’hégémonie dogmatique occidentale, donc « nordique » ? Le Sud revendique un rôle dans l’émergence de la modernité à travers le mythe de l’artiste qui y connaît une révélation, de la couleur ou du primitif. Le voyage de Klee en Tunisie en 1914, contrairement à celui de Kandinsky et Munter dix ans plus tôt, a donné lieu à une mythification (Klee n’y est pas étranger). Son récent centenaire à Tunis le montre : on a même parlé de kleeification. Il ne s’agit pas ici …