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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
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The Non-Phosphorus Effects Of Dietary Phytase In Swine And Poultry, Jason Layne Shelton
The Non-Phosphorus Effects Of Dietary Phytase In Swine And Poultry, Jason Layne Shelton
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This research was conducted to determine the non-phosphorus effects of phytase in diets for swine and poultry. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of phytase addition on energy availability and protein and fat deposition in growing pigs. Results from this experiment indicated that phytase had small positive effects on energy availability, protein deposition, and fat deposition. In this study, 23 of 29 response variables were at least numerically increased with phytase addition. Two experiments were conducted to determine the accuracy of the energy and amino acid matrix values for Natuphos 1200 in broilers from 0 to 21 or …
Statistical Models And Genetic Evaluation Of Binomial Traits, Jose Lucio Guerra
Statistical Models And Genetic Evaluation Of Binomial Traits, Jose Lucio Guerra
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Generalized mixed model methodology and MCMC simulations were used to estimate genetic parameters for calving rate and calf survival with the normal, probit, and logistic models. Calving rate and calf survival were defined as 0 each time a cow failed to calf or a calf failed to survive to weaning age, otherwise they were set to 1. Data were available on 1,458 cows and on 5,015 calves. Cows produced a total of 4,808 records over 4 discrete generations of rotational crosses between Angus, Brahman, Charolais, and Hereford from 1977 to 1995. The heritability of calving rate and calf survival, the …
The Effects Of Inorganic And Organic Selenium Sources On Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Tissue Mineral Concentrations, And Enzyme Activity In Poultry, Robert L, Iii Payne
The Effects Of Inorganic And Organic Selenium Sources On Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Tissue Mineral Concentrations, And Enzyme Activity In Poultry, Robert L, Iii Payne
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to compare dietary inorganic and organic Se sources in poultry. An experiment was conducted to assess daily egg production and Se deposition in eggs of hens fed diets supplemented with inorganic or organic Se. The results from this experiment indicated that hen production was not affected by Se source, and organic Se increased egg Se concentrations more than inorganic Se. Two experiments then were conducted with broilers to compare dietary organic and inorganic Se on growth performance, carcass traits, breast and plasma Se concentrations, and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity. The results from these experiments …
Preservation Of Sperm Harvested From The Rat, Caprine, Equine, And Bovine Epididymis, Aida Nioma James
Preservation Of Sperm Harvested From The Rat, Caprine, Equine, And Bovine Epididymis, Aida Nioma James
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The interest in preserving endangered species has increased the amount of attention lent to the recovery of functional sperm from the epididymides of deceased males (Foote, 2000). Postmortem specimens have a finite time period before decomposition affects functionality. Determination of this “window of opportunity” to harvest and preserve epididymal sperm would be beneficial for further research in sperm preservation and assisted reproductive technologies. The objective of these studies was to determine 1) the “window of opportunity” to collect viable rat, caprine, equine and bovine epididymal sperm, 2) if epididymal sperm collected could be cryopreserved, 3) to test two common cryoprotectants …
Somatic Cell Interspecies Nuclear Transfer, Marina Julia Sansinena
Somatic Cell Interspecies Nuclear Transfer, Marina Julia Sansinena
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The low efficiency of the nuclear transfer (NT) procedure requires large number of oocytes to produce embryos and live offspring. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the ability of the bovine cytoplast to reprogram nuclei from horses and llamas. In a preliminary study, equine oocytes from small (<20mm diameter) follicles were either pretreated with roscovitine or placed in maturation (IVM only) prior to NT. Roscovitine pretreatment did not improve nuclear maturation rates (roscovitine pretreatment 57% vs. IVM only 66%) and no fusion was obtained from roscovitine-pretreated oocytes after NT. Another preliminary study was conducted with the objective to produce llama NT embryos and to compare their development in two in vitro culture conditions (G1.2® vs. CR1aa). No difference was found in the number of embryos cleaved after 2 d of culture. This resulted in the first scientific report of somatic cell NT, in vitro culture and transfer of NT embryos in the llama. In the next experiment, adult horse and llama fibroblasts were injected into enucleated cow oocytes. The results showed the cow cytoplasm is capable of partially reprogramming nuclei from other species and support mitotic divisions. However, this study also showed a consistent embryonic developmental arrest at the 8- to 16- cell stage when horse or llama donor cells were used as donor nuclei. When a more closely related species of donor cell (banteng) and recipient oocyte (domestic cattle) were used for NT, no embryonic developmental arrest was found. Embryos progressed to achieve high blastocyst rates (banteng male cell line 28% vs. banteng female cell line 15%). Two banteng interspecies NT pregnancies were established and subsequently lost from the banteng male cell line. In the final study, the effect of a mixed mitochondrial population (heteroplasmy) on early embryonic development was investigated. Ooplasmic transfer performed in combination with NT procedure indicated presence of foreign mitochondria clustered in a small portion of the cytoplasm in early stages of embryo development. When goat ooplasm was transferred into interspecies (cow oocyte-goat donor cell) NT embryos, fusion and cleave rates were reduced suggesting an increased level of heteroplasmy or nuclear-ooplasmic incompatibilities.
The Use Of Altrenogest To Control Reproductive Function In Beef Cattle, Clarence Edward Ferguson
The Use Of Altrenogest To Control Reproductive Function In Beef Cattle, Clarence Edward Ferguson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
There has been great controversy involving progesterone (P4) levels during early pregnancy in cattle. The objectives of these experiments were to determine the effect of an early low dose administration of P4 or altrenogest (ALT) on pregnancy rates in repeat breeder (RPB) females, if an increase in pregnancy rates could result from a direct effect of P4 on the embryo and if ALT could support pregnancy in the absence of a functional CL. Firstly, ALT was evaluated for use as a progestin in cattle by synchronizing estrus in beef heifers. There were no differences in the …
The Chick Embryo Amnion As An In Vitro Culture System For Ivf And Nt Embryos, Tonya Renea Davidson
The Chick Embryo Amnion As An In Vitro Culture System For Ivf And Nt Embryos, Tonya Renea Davidson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Calving rates are significantly reduced following in vitro production of embryos. Thus, if a technique could be developed that would increase calving rates by as little as one viable offspring, significant research advances could be made. Therefore, in a series of experiments, the efficiency and quality of culturing IVP bovine embryos in the amnion of a domestic chicken egg was tested. In Experiment I, by culturing IVP bovine embryos in the chick amnion (day 4 to 7 of incubation) it was discovered that there was no significant difference in blastocyst rates compared with controls. In Experiment II, it was shown …
Leptin In Horses: Influences Of Body Condition, Gender, Insulin Insensitivity, Feeding, And Dexamethasone, Joshua Allen Cartmill
Leptin In Horses: Influences Of Body Condition, Gender, Insulin Insensitivity, Feeding, And Dexamethasone, Joshua Allen Cartmill
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The experiments described herein were designed to answer questions that arose from initially attempting to determine whether treatment with dexamethasone increased concentrations of leptin in geldings. Dexamethasone treatment did in fact increase leptin concentrations in mares, geldings, and stallions. Additional experiments were designed to determine leptin's interaction, not only with the adrenal axis, but with the thyroid axis, the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, as well as glucose and insulin metabolism in geldings, mares, and stallions. During the course of these experiments, differences in leptin concentrations in the horse were attributed to degree of body condition, gender, and feeding time. …