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Animal Sciences

Kansas State University Libraries

1990

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Effects Of Modified Atmosphere Packaging And Carcass Chill Rate On Pork Loins (1990), O Sorheim, Melvin C. Hunt, M Menninen, K E. Warren, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1990

Effects Of Modified Atmosphere Packaging And Carcass Chill Rate On Pork Loins (1990), O Sorheim, Melvin C. Hunt, M Menninen, K E. Warren, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Use of 10% oxygen in a modified gas atmosphere package resulted in more off-odor, higher microbial counts, and a less desirably colored loin and loin chops. Furthermore, it reduced chop display life and is not recommended.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 1990

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Effect Of Replacing Dried Skim Milk With Soy Products On Function And Morphology Of The Small Intestine In Nursery Pigs (1990), D B. Jones, P G. Reddy, R D. Klemm, Frank Blecha, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1990

Effect Of Replacing Dried Skim Milk With Soy Products On Function And Morphology Of The Small Intestine In Nursery Pigs (1990), D B. Jones, P G. Reddy, R D. Klemm, Frank Blecha, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixty-six pigs (averaging 21 d of age and 11.8 lb) were used in a 7-d experiment to evaluate the effects of specially processed soy products on function and morphology of the small intestine. Treatments were: 1) corn-milk products control; 2, 3, 4, and 5) simple corn-based diets with either soybean meal, soy isolate2, soy concentrate3, or modified soy flour4 as the major protein source; 6) a high nutrient density diet (HNDD) containing 20% dried skim milk and 20% dried whey; 7, 8, and 9) the HNDD with soy isolate, soy concentrate, or modified soy flour plus lactose replacing 100% of …

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Improving On-Farm Mixing Efficiency (1990), Robert D. Goodband Jan 1990

Improving On-Farm Mixing Efficiency (1990), Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Particle size reduction has a great impact on efficiency of feed utilization. Decreasing particle size improves digestibility of nutrients by increasing surface area and allowing for greater interaction with digestive enzymes. In addition, particle size reduction can influence how uniformly feed is mixed and potential for segregation of ingredients. Mixing equipment and times also need to be evaluated to ensure feed uniformity. Very often suggested mixing times underestimate the amount of time necessary to thoroughly mix feed. Items such as worn paddles or ribbons, ribbon or paddle speed, and overfilling mixers increase the time necessary for adequate feed mixing and …

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Dairy Calf And Heifer Research At Ksu (1990), J.L. Morrill Jan 1990

Dairy Calf And Heifer Research At Ksu (1990), J.L. Morrill

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

At Kansas State University, we are conducting research concerning nutrition and feeding management of calves, heifers, and dairy steers with emphasis in the following areas: 1) development of feeds and management practices to stimulate rumen development and allow earlier weaning, concomitant with satisfactory growth; 2) vitamin supplementation to improve performance of growing dairy animals, with emphasis on increasing efficiency of the immune system; 3) determination of nutrients needed by growing heifers to achieve desired rates of growth required to reach adequate size at freshening at 22 to 24 mo of age, without getting too fat; 4) study of feeding programs …

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Evaluation Of Attributes Affecting Tenderness Differences Between Bos Taurus And Bos Indicus Cattle (1990), G. Whipple, M. Koohmaraie, J.D. Crouse, Melvin C. Hunt, R.D. Klemm, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1990

Evaluation Of Attributes Affecting Tenderness Differences Between Bos Taurus And Bos Indicus Cattle (1990), G. Whipple, M. Koohmaraie, J.D. Crouse, Melvin C. Hunt, R.D. Klemm, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Biological tenderness differences between longissimus muscles from 3/8 and 5/8 Sahiwal (Bos indicus) x Hereford-Angus and from Hereford-Angus (Bos taurus) were evaluated. No significant breed cross effects were observed for carcass traits or rates of pH and temperature decline. Loin steaks from Hereford x Angus had lower (P<.05) shear-force values and higher (P<.05) taste panel tenderness scores at 1 and 14 d postmortem. No breed effects existed for muscle fiber sarcomere length, muscle fiber type, muscle collagen, cathepsin enzyme activity, or calcium-dependent protease-I and -II activity. However, calcium-dependent protease inhibitor activity at 24 hr postmortem was greater (P<.01) in Sahiwal-crosses than for Hereford-Angus. Less protein degradation, which causes tenderization during aging, occurred in Sahiwal-crosses by d 14 than in Hereford-Angus at d 1 postmortem. Therefore, mechanisms involving calcium-dependent protease and its inhibitor may be the principal factors causing tenderness differences between Bos indicus and Bos taurus breeds.

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An Evaluation Of Seven Pioneer Corn Hybrids For Silage And A Comparison Of Irrigated Vs Dryland Silages (1990), D.G. Tiemann, K.K. Bolsen, R. Suazo, D. Johnson Jan 1990

An Evaluation Of Seven Pioneer Corn Hybrids For Silage And A Comparison Of Irrigated Vs Dryland Silages (1990), D.G. Tiemann, K.K. Bolsen, R. Suazo, D. Johnson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seven Pioneer corn hybrids and one grain sorghum hybrid were grown under both irrigated and dryland conditions in 1988 and compared for agronomic and silage quality traits. Com hybrid silage yields ranged from 4.5 to 7.6 tons of dry matter (OM) per acre (mean, 5.8 tons) and grain yield, from 64 to 115 bu per acre (mean, 87 bu). Pre-ensiled DM content of the corn hybrids ranged from 26.7 to 33.0% (mean, 29.5%) and plant height from 82 to 108 in. (mean, 94 in.). In a digestion trial with sheep, apparent DM digestibility ranged from 66.0 to 71.0% (mean 69.6%); …

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Managing Beef Genotypes For Profit: A Computer Simulation (1990), R.R. Schalles, L.C. Martin, K.O. Zoellner Jan 1990

Managing Beef Genotypes For Profit: A Computer Simulation (1990), R.R. Schalles, L.C. Martin, K.O. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In a computer simulation based on KSU data, cattle bred and managed to be moved directly from weaning to feedlot and slaughtered at a young age produced the greatest profit. Cattle that were too small or too large and management systems that increased age at slaughter were less profitable. This accelerated system of production allows a producer to take advantage of superior genetics and the economic opportunities they provide, especially with retained ownership. The beef industry has the opportunity to continue to produce quality beef, while reducing days to slaughter by taking advantage of the higher efficiency of feed conversion …

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Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Nine Summer Annual Forages (1990), Gerry L. Kuhl, J.P. Shroyes, Paul D. Hartman, Dale L. Fjell Jan 1990

Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Nine Summer Annual Forages (1990), Gerry L. Kuhl, J.P. Shroyes, Paul D. Hartman, Dale L. Fjell

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Nine summer annual forages were studied to evaluate yield and nutritional quality differences resulting from forage type and cultivar when cut at two stages of maturity. Substantial dry matter yield and quality differences were observed among the six hybrid pearl millets tested. Several hybrid pearl millets gave comparable dry matter yields to the sorghum-sudans at boot and headed stages of growth. Hybrid pearl millets were much higher in crude protein than the hybrid sorghum-sudans and sudangrass. Although yield increased markedly between boot and headed cutting stages, nutritional value declined greatly. Nitrate levels were excessively high in all forages when harvested …

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Fat Source Effects On Finishing Steer Digestion And Metabolism (1990), B.J. Bock, D.L. Harmon, Robert T. Brandt Jr., J.E. Schneider Jan 1990

Fat Source Effects On Finishing Steer Digestion And Metabolism (1990), B.J. Bock, D.L. Harmon, Robert T. Brandt Jr., J.E. Schneider

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A replicated 3 x 3 Latin square design was used to explore the effects of fat source (none vs 3.5% soybean oil soapstock or animal tallow) when fed with high (1.0%) calcium on digestion and metabolism of a finishing diet by steers. Adding fat did not affect site or extent of starch or dry matter digestion. A net synthesis of long chain fatty acids occurred in the rumen. Feeding fat tended (P=.ll) to depress bacterial N flowing at the duodenum but did not affect nonbacterial N or total N.

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Level And Method Of Feeding Dehydrated Alfalfa Pellets As A Protein Supplement For Beef Cows Grazing Winter Flint Hills Range (1990), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, L.R. Corah Jan 1990

Level And Method Of Feeding Dehydrated Alfalfa Pellets As A Protein Supplement For Beef Cows Grazing Winter Flint Hills Range (1990), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four winter protein supplementation schemes were studied using 116 beef cows grazing Flint Hills range. The treatments were: 1) 4.0 lb soybean meal/sorghum grain (27.3% crude protein (CP» per head daily (SS), 2) 4.0 lb dehydrated alfalfa pellets (DEHY. 20.0% CP) per head daily (LO-DEHY), 3) 5.5 lb DEHY per head daily (HI-DEHY), and 4) DEHY fed at levels calculated to provide 4.0 lb per head daily with less fed in early winter and more fed in late winter (STAGGER-DEHY). The HI-DEHY and SS treatments resulted in higher (P.10) for the LO-DEHY and STAGGER-DEHY groups. Cow reproductive performance and calf …

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Influence Of Supplementation Method On Forage Use And Grazing Behavior Of Beef Cattle Grazing Bluestem Range (1990), S.D. Brandyberry, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, T. Delcurto, J.E. Schneider, L.R. Corah Jan 1990

Influence Of Supplementation Method On Forage Use And Grazing Behavior Of Beef Cattle Grazing Bluestem Range (1990), S.D. Brandyberry, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, T. Delcurto, J.E. Schneider, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fifteen ruminally and 12 esophageally fistulated steers were used in two 28-d trials (late summer and early winter) to determine the influence of method of supplementation on forage use and grazing behavior. 1Ceatments were: 1) self-feeding supplement with salt to limit intake; 2) daily hand-feeding supplement and salt; 3) daily hand-feeding supplement without salt. Forage intake was not affected by season or supplementation method; however, total diet organic matter digestibility was higher in the late summer (P<.01) and lower when steers received supplement without salt (P<.05). Supplementation method did not affect the time that animals spent grazing or the distance travelled; however, both were greater (P<.01) during the summer period. Self-feeding supplement did not appear to adversely affect forage use in grazing beef steers.

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Performance And Ruminal Microbial And Metabolic Development Of Young Calves Fed Diets Containing Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (1990), A.A. Beharka, J.L. Morrill, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1990

Performance And Ruminal Microbial And Metabolic Development Of Young Calves Fed Diets Containing Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (1990), A.A. Beharka, J.L. Morrill, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy-three, neonatal, Holstein, heifer calves in one experiment and 45 neonatal, Holstein, bull calves in another were used to study the effects of dietary Aspergillus oryzae extract (Amaferm) on calf performance. Forty of the heifer calves were selected to study the effects on ruminal microbial and metabolic development. In general, Amaferm-supplemented calves had greater ruminal microbial activity than the calves fed no Amaferm. For the most part, growth and feed intake were not affected.; Dairy Day, 1990, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1990; The 1990 Annual KSU Dairy Day is known as Dairy Day, 1990

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Comparison Of Two Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines For Young Pigs (1990), D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines Jan 1990

Comparison Of Two Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines For Young Pigs (1990), D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two farrowing groups (340 pigs) were used to evaluate two atrophic rhinitis vaccines (Atrobac III and Tocivac for the young pig. Both vaccines were effective, because no clinical evidence of atrophic rhinitis was observed for either treatment during the experiment. Although the swine herd had been observed in previous farrowing do have various degrees of conjunctivitis, none was observed in the pigs vaccinated with either vaccine. Weight gains of pigs at 14 d and 35 d postweaning were the same for each treatment.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 1990

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Low Test-Weight Sorghum For Growing-Finishing Swine (1990), J A. Hansen, R C. Thaler, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1990

Low Test-Weight Sorghum For Growing-Finishing Swine (1990), J A. Hansen, R C. Thaler, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two growth studies were conducted to determine the effects of substituting lower test-weight sorghum (35 lb/bu as LOW or 45 lb/bu as MED) for normal test-weight sorghum (55 lb/bu NORM), in growing and finishing swine diets. One-hundred twelve pigs (50 lb initial wt) were fed for 28 d in the grower study and 80 pigs (120 lb initial wt) were fed for 51 d in the finisher study. Diets were formulated to contain .80 and .65% lysine for the grower and finisher trials, respectively, using NORM and soybean meal; LOW and MED were substituted on a wt/wt basis for NORM. …

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Interrelationship Between Hypersensitivity To Soybean Proteins And Growth Performance In Early-Weaned Pigs (1990), D F. Li, P G. Reddy, Frank Blecha, R Klemm, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1990

Interrelationship Between Hypersensitivity To Soybean Proteins And Growth Performance In Early-Weaned Pigs (1990), D F. Li, P G. Reddy, Frank Blecha, R Klemm, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred twenty-five pigs were orally infused with 6 g/d of either dried skim milk, soybean meal (48% CP), soy protein concentrate, extruded soy protein concentrate, or experimental soy protein concentrate from 7 to 11 d of age and then fed a diet containing the corresponding protein sources from weaning (d 21) to 35 d of age. All pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal diet containing 10% dried whey, 1.25% lysine, and 3% soybean oil for the remaining 21 d of the experiment. Skin-fold thickness following intradermal injection of protein extracts, xylose absorption, and anti-soy immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers were …

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Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine Fed To 280 Lb. (1990), M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1990

Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine Fed To 280 Lb. (1990), M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred twenty barrows with an initial wt of 130 lb were utilized to determine the effects of dietary lysine level and porcine somatotropin (pST) injection on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs fed to heavy market weights (280 lb). Pigs were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either 4 mg pST or a placebo and fed diets containing either .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% dietary lysine. Performance data were collected and evaluated for three weight ranges : 130 to 230 lb, 230 to 280 lb, and 130 to 280 lb. Two pigs from …

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Effect Of Pregnancy On Forage Intake And Utilization In Spring-Calving Beef Heifers Wintered On Flint Hills Range (1990), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran Jan 1990

Effect Of Pregnancy On Forage Intake And Utilization In Spring-Calving Beef Heifers Wintered On Flint Hills Range (1990), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Six ruminally and eight bi-fistulated (ruminal and esophageal), 2-yr-old beef heifers were used to study the effects of pregnancy on forage intake and utilization under grazing conditions. During the third trimester of gestation, pregnant heifers ate more (P<.05) forage than nonpregnant heifers and maintained similar (P>.10) levels of organic matter and fiber digestibility. As calving neared, pregnant animals had higher (P<.05) rates of passage and tended to have lower ruminal capacity "¢(P=.15) and digesta fill (P=.14) than nonpregnant animals. Differences in quality of diet selected by the two groups were minimal.

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Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Two-Year Summary (1990), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1990

Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Two-Year Summary (1990), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the first 2 yr of a 4-yr experiment, increasing the level of grain sorghum supplementation (from 2 to 4 Ibid) for steers managed within an intensive-early stocking program tended to increase average daily gain in direct proportion to supplement level (2.3 (no supplement) to 2.5 and 2.7 lb/d, respectively). During both years, the amount of grass remaining in the pastures after the cattle were removed (July 15) and at the end of the growing season (October 1) was greater when cattle were supplemented with 4 lb of grain sorghum. Level of supplementation for grazing steers did not influence subsequent …

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Seventeen Years Of Kansas Central Bull Tests (1990), R.R. Schalles, B.J. Ward, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin Jan 1990

Seventeen Years Of Kansas Central Bull Tests (1990), R.R. Schalles, B.J. Ward, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Weights. frame scores. scrotal circumferences, and prices of bulls increased significantly over 17 years. Angus had the greatest increase in birth weight, average daily gain (ADG) during test, adjusted yearling weight, and frame score, whereas Simmental had the greatest increase in adjusted weaning weight. Backfat and ribeye area decreased over this period. Large frame score had the greatest effect on increasing sale priCe of bulls. Gelbvieh bulls with heavy birth weights sold for less, whereas heavy birth weight Limousin and Polled Hereford bulls sold for more. Rank correlations indicated a significant change in rank between 112- and 140-d ADG. About …

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Cow/Calf Profitability: Case Studies Of Kansas Cattle Producers (1990), D.D. Simms, T.T. Marston Jan 1990

Cow/Calf Profitability: Case Studies Of Kansas Cattle Producers (1990), D.D. Simms, T.T. Marston

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cost/return analyses of 56 Kansas cow/calf operations were summarized to determine the major factors influencing 1987 and 1988 cow herd profitability. Gross returns and costs on a per cow unit basis were extremely variable. with the bottom 1/3 of these operations essentially breaking even. whereas the high 1/3 profitability group averaged $228.40 per head in net cash returns. Both operating and fixed costs were major determinants of profitability. Reproductive rate (calves weaned per cow exposed) was the major production variable affecting profitability.

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Evaluation Of Wheat Middlings-Based Supplements At Different Crude Protein Concentrations For Cattle Consuming Winter Range Forage (1990), G.D. Sunvold, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant Jan 1990

Evaluation Of Wheat Middlings-Based Supplements At Different Crude Protein Concentrations For Cattle Consuming Winter Range Forage (1990), G.D. Sunvold, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Influence of increasing crude protein concentration in a wheat middlings-based supplement was evaluated in an intake/digestion trial. Protein-supplemented steers demonstrated increased (P<.01) intake of dormant, bluestem-range forage when compared with unsupplemented steers. Although increasing concentration of supplemental crude protein from 15 to 20% substantially increased (P<.01) forage and total dry matter intake. only slight increases in forage and total dry matter intake occurred when the concentration exceeded 20%. Protein supplementation increased (P<.01) fiber and dry matter digestibilities. Additionally. fiber digestibility tended (P=.087) to increase with increasing crude protein concentration of the supplement. Results suggest that when feeding a wheat middlings-based supplement. the crude protein concentration should be 20% or higher to optimize use of poor-quality forage.

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Relationship Of Milk Production In Angus And Simmental Cows With Milk Expected Progeny Differences (Epds) And Calf Weaning Weight (1990), T.T. Marston, D.D. Simms, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin, G.M. Fink Jan 1990

Relationship Of Milk Production In Angus And Simmental Cows With Milk Expected Progeny Differences (Epds) And Calf Weaning Weight (1990), T.T. Marston, D.D. Simms, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin, G.M. Fink

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Spring and fall calving Angus (n==86) and Simmental (n==96) cows at three different locations in Kansas were used to evaluate the relationships between milk production, Milk Expected Progeny Difference (Milk EPD), and calf weaning weight. A change of 1 lb in Milk EPD resulted in 4.95 lb change in calf weaning weight in Angus and 4.60 lb in Simmental. Each lb increase in Milk EPD predicted a 69.87 lb increase in total lactation milk production in Angus and 70.741b in Simmentals. Positive correlations were .40 and .64 between Milk EPD and total milk produced per lactation and .24 and .49 …

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Effect Of Deccox® In A Free-Choice, Grain-Mineral Mixture On Performance Of Yearlings Grazing Native Range (1990), F.K. Brazle Jan 1990

Effect Of Deccox® In A Free-Choice, Grain-Mineral Mixture On Performance Of Yearlings Grazing Native Range (1990), F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Including Deccox® in a free-choice, intake-limiting, grain-mineral mixture tended to increase grazing stocker gains and substantially reduced the percentage of newly arrived cattle treated for sickness and the number of treatments required per animal.

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Effect Of Protein Supplementation On Dormant, Bluestem-Range Forage Intake And Digestion And Protein Flow To The Small Intestine In Steers (1990), S.M. Hannah, R.C. Cochran, D.L. Harmon, E.S. Vanzant Jan 1990

Effect Of Protein Supplementation On Dormant, Bluestem-Range Forage Intake And Digestion And Protein Flow To The Small Intestine In Steers (1990), S.M. Hannah, R.C. Cochran, D.L. Harmon, E.S. Vanzant

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A digestion trial was conducted to determine dormant, bluestem-range forage intake, digestion, and protein flow to the small intestine in steers receiving different crude protein (CP) supplements. Dietary treatments were 1) control: no supplement; 2) low protein supplement (Low-CP): SBM + grain sorghum supplement containing 13% CP; 3) moderate protein supplement (Mod-CP): SBM + grain sorghum supplement containing 26% CP; and 4) dehydrated alfalfa pellets supplement (Dehy): supplement containing 17.5% CP. Forage intake increased an average of 36% in steers supplemented with Mod-CP and Dehy, compared to the forage intake of control steers. Forage intake of steers receiving Low-CP supplement …

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Characteristics Of The Indigenous Microflora From Five Silage Crops In 1987 (1990), R.A. Hart, F. Niroomand, K.K. Bolsen, M.A. Lubinski, W.R. Aimutis Jan 1990

Characteristics Of The Indigenous Microflora From Five Silage Crops In 1987 (1990), R.A. Hart, F. Niroomand, K.K. Bolsen, M.A. Lubinski, W.R. Aimutis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from five silage crops in the 1987 growing season: wheat, alfalfa, com, interseeded grain sorghum and soybeans, and forage sorghum. All crops had post-harvest LAB counts that exceeded 5 x 105 colony-forming units/g. There were no significant correlations between rate of fermentation during the first 7 d post-ensiling and the indigenous LAB counts. However, corn and sorghum, which fermented rapidly, had higher populations of homofermentative LAB, and the isolates showed higher rod to cocci ratios compared to the other three crops. Most of the homofermentative rods isolated were Lactobacillus plantarum, and most of …

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Value Of Ralgro® Implants In Feedlot Steers Previously Maintained On A High Endophyte-Infected Fescue Hay (1990), L.R. Corah, F.K. Brazle, Frank Blecha, P.G. Reddy, R.E. Jr. Wary, J. Klindt Jan 1990

Value Of Ralgro® Implants In Feedlot Steers Previously Maintained On A High Endophyte-Infected Fescue Hay (1990), L.R. Corah, F.K. Brazle, Frank Blecha, P.G. Reddy, R.E. Jr. Wary, J. Klindt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Steers previously fed high-endophyte fescue hay showed a greater response of Ralgro® implants than those fed a low-endophyte hay. The mode of action for this response was not explained by cellular immune system responses or variability in prolactin levels.

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Aspirated Oat Liftings For Growing Calves (1990), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, F.K. Brazle, L.R. Corah, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1990

Aspirated Oat Liftings For Growing Calves (1990), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, F.K. Brazle, L.R. Corah, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feed value of aspirated oat liftings (AOL), a by-product of the oat milling industry, was evaluated by using it to replace 33, 67, or 100% of 36 lb/bu oats in a growing diet fed to heifers. Ammonia treatment of AOL was also tested. Dry matter intake and feed/gain increased linearly (P<.10) with increased AOL. Daily gains were similar for 33, 67, and 100% AOL inclusions, which were lower (P<.01) than the control (0% AOL). Despite lower performance, cheaper costs of production may be achieved with AOL depending on its price relative to other feedstuffs. Ammonia treatment of AOL had no beneficial effect on heifer performance in this study.

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Predicting Beef Carcass Retail Yield From Hot Carcass Traits (1990), J.K. Apple, L.V. Cundiff, J.W. Wise, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1990

Predicting Beef Carcass Retail Yield From Hot Carcass Traits (1990), J.K. Apple, L.V. Cundiff, J.W. Wise, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Hot carcasses from 288 steers were used to develop equations to predict weights and percentages of trimmed retail cuts. and trimmable fat yields from hot carcass traits. Independent variables examined were: (1) 12-13th rib fat probe; (2) lO-11th rib fat probe; (3) external fat score; (4) percent kidney knob; (5) hindquarter muscling score, and (6) carcass weight. Right sides of carcasses were fabricated into boneless cuts trimmed to .3 in. fat and weighed. Then. cuts were totally trimmed (.0 in.) and reweighed. Multiple regression equations developed from these variables accounted for 95 and 90% of the variation in total weight …

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Comparison Of Steer Feedlot Performance And Carcass Trait Uniformity By Method Of Sorting (1990), P.L. Houghton, D.D. Simms, James J. Higgins Jan 1990

Comparison Of Steer Feedlot Performance And Carcass Trait Uniformity By Method Of Sorting (1990), P.L. Houghton, D.D. Simms, James J. Higgins

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Long yearling steers (n=997) of various biological types from two origins were used to test performance and carcass trait uniformity of unsorted cattle, visually sorted cattle, and cattle sorted by ultrasound and hip height. No significant differences (P>.05) in initial backfat uniformity were identified between sorted and unsorted groups; however, very little variation existed across all treatments (.17±.033 in.). Initial backfat had positive linear relationships with initial weight and carcass backfat and negative linear relationships with days on feed and daily gain (P<.05). These data indicate a reliable measurement of initial backfat could be useful for predicting days on feed and/or carcass backfat in long yearling steers, but economic usefulness will depend upon the variability of the cattle and the method of grouping.

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Effect Of Inoculant And Enzyme Additives On Preservation And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa Silage (1990), J.S. White, K.K. Bolsen, R.A. Hart Jan 1990

Effect Of Inoculant And Enzyme Additives On Preservation And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa Silage (1990), J.S. White, K.K. Bolsen, R.A. Hart

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants and several enzyme additives were evaluated in various combinations using fifth cutting alfalfa. The field-wilted crop was characterized by a high buffer capacity (63.0 meq/100g of DM), low fermentable carbohydrate (5.4% of the DM), and a high number of indigenous LAB (over one million per g). In contrast to several previous studies, the inoculants and enzymes had very little effect on rate and efficiency of fermentation. The 90-d treated silages had similar fiber and digestibility values, compared to the control. Treated silages tended to have higher lactic acid values, but all silages had relatively high …

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