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Memorials: Vincent H. Arthauld, Kenneth J. Drewry, David L. Mackintosh
Memorials: Vincent H. Arthauld, Kenneth J. Drewry, David L. Mackintosh
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Vincent H. Arthaud, Professor Emeritus of the Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, died at his home August 7, 1982. He was born September 7, 1911 at Cambridge, Nebraska and was reared on a general livestock farm in Southwest Nebraska. After receiving his B.S. degree in Animal Husbandry in 1936 from the University of Nebraska, he returned to his home area and engaged in general farming. He served with the U.S. Army from 1942 to 1945 and joined the Animal Science Department in 1945 as Research Farm Manager. He retired in 1977 following his many years of service as …
Computer Algorithm For The Recursive Method Of Calculating Large Numerator Relationship Matrices, G. F. S. Hudson, R. L. Quaas, L. Dale Van Vleck
Computer Algorithm For The Recursive Method Of Calculating Large Numerator Relationship Matrices, G. F. S. Hudson, R. L. Quaas, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A method of storing and retrieving nonzero elements of a large, sparse symmetric matrix using only internal computer storage is presented. An algorithm for applying the recursive or tabular method of calculating the numerator relationship matrix of a large group of animals is given. The algorithm is applicable to inbred and noninbred populations and can be used on sire/dam or sire/maternal grandsire pedigrees.
Effect Of Source Of Pig, Housing System, And Receiving Diet On Performance Of Purchased Feeder Pigs, M. C. Brumm, E. R. Peo, Jr., S. R. Lowry, A. Hogg
Effect Of Source Of Pig, Housing System, And Receiving Diet On Performance Of Purchased Feeder Pigs, M. C. Brumm, E. R. Peo, Jr., S. R. Lowry, A. Hogg
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of source of pig, housing system and receiving diet on performance of purchased feeder pigs. Pigs purchased from distant auction markets (DM) gained slower for the first 13 d post-arrival (P<.01, trials 1 and 2) than pigs of similar size purchased from local, one-owner sources (LS).
Effect Of Grain Source And Dietary Level Of Oat Hulls On Phosphorus And Calcium Utilization In The Growing Pig, R. L. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., B. D. Moser, A. J. Lewis
Effect Of Grain Source And Dietary Level Of Oat Hulls On Phosphorus And Calcium Utilization In The Growing Pig, R. L. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., B. D. Moser, A. J. Lewis
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Three metabolism trials were conducted to determine the effect of grain source and dietary level of oat hulls on dry matter digestibility, P and Ca retention and intestinal phytase activity of growing pigs. Twenty-four crossbred pigs (39 kg)were used. Dry matter digestibilities of corn-based diets were greater (P<.01) than grain sorghum-based diets (74.7 vs 63.5%). Diets containing 10% oat hulls had lower (P<.01) dry matter digestibilities than diets containing no oat hulls (64.0 vs 74.2%).
Influence Of Energy Intake During Lactation On The Interval From Weaning To First Estrus In Sows, D. E. Reese, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis, Dwayne R. Zimmerman, J. E. Kinder, W. W. Stroup, Win Butler
Influence Of Energy Intake During Lactation On The Interval From Weaning To First Estrus In Sows, D. E. Reese, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis, Dwayne R. Zimmerman, J. E. Kinder, W. W. Stroup, Win Butler
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A total of 191 crossbred sows were used to determine the effect of energy intake during one lactation on (1) sow and pig performance and (2) the percentage of sows in estrus by 7, 14, 21 and 70 d post-weaning. Sows received 8 (Lo) or 16 (Hi) Meal of metabolizable energy (ME)/d (Exp. 1 and 2) and 8 (Lo), 12 (Md) or 16 (Hi) Meal of ME/d (Exp. 3) during a 28-d lactation period. All sows were fed an equal amount of crude protein, vitamins and minerals that met or exceeded the recommendations of the National Research Council.
Selection For Lean Growth In Swine, Erik R. Cleveland, P. J. Cunningham, E. R. Peo, Jr.
Selection For Lean Growth In Swine, Erik R. Cleveland, P. J. Cunningham, E. R. Peo, Jr.
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Growth rate (ADG) and back fat (BF) data were collected during five generations of selection in two lines of Gene Pool pigs (14-breed synthetic): select (S) and control (C). C were randomly selected, while mass selection was practiced in the S line with an index (I), I = 100 + 286.6 (ADG) - 39.4 (BF). S and C pigs were fed a 14% protein, corn-soybean meal diet from 42 d of age until they reached 79.4 kg.
Influence Of Energy Intake During Lactation On Subsequent Gestation, Lactation And Postweaning Performance Of Sows, D. E. Reese, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis, Dwayne R. Zimmerman, J. E. Kinder, W. W. Stroup, Win Butler
Influence Of Energy Intake During Lactation On Subsequent Gestation, Lactation And Postweaning Performance Of Sows, D. E. Reese, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis, Dwayne R. Zimmerman, J. E. Kinder, W. W. Stroup, Win Butler
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Forty-four second parity crossbred sows were used to determine (1) the effect of energy intake during their first lactation (Lac 1) on subsequent reproductive performance from re-breeding to farrowing and (2) the effect of energy intake during two successive lactations on performance during the second lactation (Lac 2) and post-weaning periods. Sows received 8 (Lo) or 16 (Hi) Meal of metabolizable energy (ME)/d during Lac 1 and 5.4 Mcal of ME/d during the subsequent gestation.
Testosterone Feedback On Fsh Secretion In Male Sheep, M. J. D'Occhio, B. D. Schanbacher, J. E. Kinder
Testosterone Feedback On Fsh Secretion In Male Sheep, M. J. D'Occhio, B. D. Schanbacher, J. E. Kinder
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Testosterone-filled Silastic capsules were implanted into mature rams at the time of castration (wethers). After 6 weeks, a tonic pattern of FSH secretion was observed in rams, wethers and wethers implanted with testosterone. Castration caused serum concentrations of FSH to increase 4-5-fold. Relatively low serum concentrations of testosterone (25-50% of intact ram values) did not significantly affect FSH secretion in wethers, but wethers exposed to concentrations of testosterone equivalent to those of intact rams had serum concentrations of FSH similar to those of intact rams. We suggest that testosterone feedback can account for the gross differences in FSH observed between …
Selection With Restriction In Cattle, E. Niebel, L. Dale Van Vleck
Selection With Restriction In Cattle, E. Niebel, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Application of new and accurate methods of estimating breeding values and systematic selection based on performance characters have increased the complexity of animal breeding. Negative correlations between the most important characters may be involved, especially in the selection of dairy and beef cattle. This problem demands efficient selection models to maximize genetic improvement of some economic traits and simultaneously to restrict other antagonistic traits to a certain genetic change. We have established a general theory of selection indexes with constraints to impose fixed and proportional restrictions when several selection indexes containing different information sources are applied. A detailed description of …
Individual And Maternal Additive And Heterotic Effects On 205-Day Weight In Beef Cattle, M. D. Macneil, C. A. Dinkel, L. Dale Van Vleck
Individual And Maternal Additive And Heterotic Effects On 205-Day Weight In Beef Cattle, M. D. Macneil, C. A. Dinkel, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Weaning weight records on 47,652 calves in 371 contemporary groups were obtained from the South Dakota Beef Cattle Improvement Association and used to estimate breed individual and maternal additive effects and heterotic effects on 205-d weight. A mixed model was used. Individual additive effects were -22.6 ± 1.3 kg for Red Angus, -19.0 ± 1.1 for Hereford, -12.2 ± .9 for Angus, -11.5 ± 3.1 for Polled Hereford, -10.1 ± 2.2 for Shorthorn, -7.5 ± 4.9 for Tarentaise, 5.3 ± 1.6 for Gelbvieh, 9.5 ± 1.8 for Limousin, 11.4 ± 3.1 for Chianina, 12.4-± 1.2 for Charolais, 14.6 ± 1.2 …
Comparison Of First Lactations And All Lactations Of Dams To Predict Sons’ Milk Evaluations, P. A. Murphy, R. W. Everett, L. Dale Van Vleck
Comparison Of First Lactations And All Lactations Of Dams To Predict Sons’ Milk Evaluations, P. A. Murphy, R. W. Everett, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Multiple regression of genetic evaluations of about 170 Holstein bulls on sire, dam, and maternal grandsire genetic evaluations indicated that the partial regression coefficient for the sire is similar to the theoretical regression coefficient (.45 vs..50), that the regression coefficient for the dam is much smaller than the theoretical regression coefficient when all records of the dam including her first are included in her evaluation (.12 vs..35), although about as expected when only first records of the cow and her herdmates are used (.33 vs..35), and that the regression for the maternal grandsire is larger than expected when his proof …
Derivation Of Henderson's Method Of Incorporating Artificial Insemination Sire Evaluations Into Intraherd Prediction Of Breeding Values, L. Dale Van Vleck
Derivation Of Henderson's Method Of Incorporating Artificial Insemination Sire Evaluations Into Intraherd Prediction Of Breeding Values, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A derivation is given for the method proposed by Henderson to incorporate evaluations of sires based on daughter records in other herds into the intraherd prediction of breeding values. The derivation consists of pretending the daughters in other herds have records which have been adjusted for the herd-year-season effects of their origin. These equations then are absorbed into the equation for the sire which is tied to both sets of daughters by elements of the inverse of the matrix of relationships.
Relationships Among Sires In Estimating Genetic Variance, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. F. S. Hudson
Relationships Among Sires In Estimating Genetic Variance, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. F. S. Hudson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A method to account for relationships among sires in estimating covariance among paternal half-sibs and heritability is described. The reduction in sum of squares from fitting sire effects after eliminating all other effects in the model is divided by the sum of products of elements of the matrix of coefficients after absorption and elements of the matrix of relationships among sires rather than by the trace of the matrix of coefficients. The method requires computation of relationships that for many sires may be difficult.
Theoretical Weights For Regression Of A Son's Genetic Evaluation On His Sire's And His Dam's Genetic Evaluations, L. Dale Van Vleck
Theoretical Weights For Regression Of A Son's Genetic Evaluation On His Sire's And His Dam's Genetic Evaluations, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Theoretical weights for prediction of a son's genetic evaluation from genetic evaluations of his sire and dam are derived. Weights for sire and dam are equal and depend on number of daughters of the son when the bull evaluation is from his daughters alone and cow evaluation is from her records alone. Mixed model procedures which incorporate records of other relatives change theoretical weights. When records of daughters of both the son and his sire are used in evaluations of both, theoretical weights for the sire to predict the son's evaluation are about .50 for many combinations of daughter numbers …
Breed Comparisons For Age And Weight At Puberty In Gilts, L. K. Hutchens, R. L. Hintz, R. K. Johnson
Breed Comparisons For Age And Weight At Puberty In Gilts, L. K. Hutchens, R. L. Hintz, R. K. Johnson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Data on 213 purebred and 524 crossbred gilts produced in a four-breed diallel crossing design involving the Duroc (D), Yorkshire (Y), Landrace (L) and Spotted (S)breeds were analyzed for age and weight at puberty. The breed of sire x breed of dam interaction was significant for both age and weight at puberty. However, differences among reciprocals were not significant, and thus, reciprocal means were combined. Crossbreds were younger (7.9 d) and heavier (1.2 kg) at puberty than purebreds. Significant heterosis for age at puberty was found for D X L (-14.3 d),S x D (-12.8 d) and S x L …
Effect Of Tallow And Choline Chloride Addition To The Diet Of Sows On Milk Composition, Milk Yield And Preweaning Pig Performance, R. D. Boyd, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo Jr., A. R. Lewis, R. K. Johnson
Effect Of Tallow And Choline Chloride Addition To The Diet Of Sows On Milk Composition, Milk Yield And Preweaning Pig Performance, R. D. Boyd, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo Jr., A. R. Lewis, R. K. Johnson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Four trials were conducted with a total of 188 crossbred sows to determine the effect of feeding diets supplemented with tallow (0 or 8%) and choline chloride (220 or 770 mg/kg diet) prior to parturition and during lactation on preweaning pig performance. On d 100 of gestation, sows were allotted to four factorially arranged dietary treatments: 0% tallow-220 mg/kg choline chloride, 0% tallow-770 mg/kg choline chloride, 8% tallow-220 mg/kg choline chloride, 8% tallow-770 mg/kg choline chloride. Diets without tallow were fed at the rate of 1.82 kg/d with an additional .18 kg/d of cornstarch, whereas sows receiving diets supplemented with …
Oxidation Rates Of Major Fatty Acids In Fasting Neonatal Pigs, R. D. Boyd, R. A. Britton, H. Knoche, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo Jr., R. K. Johnson
Oxidation Rates Of Major Fatty Acids In Fasting Neonatal Pigs, R. D. Boyd, R. A. Britton, H. Knoche, B. D. Moser, E. R. Peo Jr., R. K. Johnson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Thirty-two pigs were used to compare the oxidation rates of uniformly labeled (U-14C) palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), oleic (18:1) and linoleic (18:2) acids in fasting neonatal pigs. The pigs were allowed to nurse the sow for 24 to 48 h following birth. Subsequently, they were removed, an indwelling catheter was surgically placed in the external iliac vein and the pigs were fasted for 12 h to attain a postabsorptive state. The 14C fatty acids were administered as a single infusion (10 / μCi) via the catheter, and recovery of the label as expired 14CO2 was determined at …
Components Of Variance Of Dairymen's Workability Traits Among Holstein Cows, K. Agyemang, E. Clapp, L. Dale Van Vleck
Components Of Variance Of Dairymen's Workability Traits Among Holstein Cows, K. Agyemang, E. Clapp, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Dairymen of an artificial insemination cooperative subjectively evaluated 5,601 of their cows in first lactation sired by 187 young Holstein bulls for temperament, milking speed, udder, leg and foot problems, and milk production. Exclusive categories were defined for each characteristic. Individual categories were separate traits, and components of variance and covariance were estimated for herd-year of measurement, sire of cow, and residual effects. Variance from sire of cow was less than 3% of the total for all traits so that heritabilities within herd-year were less than .12 for every trait. Variances and covariances were used in a multiple trait sire …
Estimation Of Components Of Variance By Method 3 And Henderson's New Method, G. F. S. Hudson, L. Dale Van Vleck
Estimation Of Components Of Variance By Method 3 And Henderson's New Method, G. F. S. Hudson, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
An algorithm for Method 3 for estimation of components of variance in a mixed model including fixed herd-year-season, genetic groups, and random sires nested within groups is presented. Computational aspects of the algorithm are discussed and compared with those of a new method of Henderson's. The new method involves equating quadratic forms based on approximate best linear unbiased prediction solutions to their expected values. Relative computing effort for the two methods depended on the ease of eliminating equations for fixed effects and on the number of traits. Numerical estimates from the two methods were similar. When the Method 3 estimate …
Monte Carlo Study Of Genetic Groups In Sire Evaluation, T. R. Famula, L. Dale Van Vleck
Monte Carlo Study Of Genetic Groups In Sire Evaluation, T. R. Famula, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Fixed genetic groups have been defined arbitrarily in linear models for sire evaluation. This simulation examined genetic groups under several selection strategies. Sires with highest estimated transmitting abilities were selected to have sons and additional female progeny. The process of evaluation and selection of sires and dams was continued for four generations. Final estimates of transmitting ability were compared to actual transmitting ability for several sire evaluation models on 300 simulated data sets. Genetic groups defined by generation increased the accuracy of estimating sire transmitting abilities over ignoring genetic groups when selected dams and sires of young bulls were mated. …