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Smut And Bunt Diseases Of Cereals And Their Management, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Biosecurity factsheets

Cereal smut and bunt diseases are caused by fungi that parasitise the host plant and produce masses of soot-like spores in the leaves, grains, or ears. The diseases can reduce yield and quality of harvested grain.

Research Progress In Detection Technologies Of Mycotoxins In Cereals And Cereal-Based Products, Niu Can-Jie, Ye Su-Dan, Hu Yu-Xia, Zhou Xiao-Hong

Food and Machinery

Cereals and cereal-based products are easily polluted by mycotoxins in all aspects of production, storage and transportation, and mycotoxins are difficult to prevent due to their variety, low concentration, strong toxicity andlarge difference in nature. This paper summarizes the new development of the pretreatment technologies （liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, QuEChERS, immunoaffinity chromatography） and detection technologies （immunochromatography technology, optical spectrum technology, liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry） of mycotoxins in cereals and products. The development trend of mycotoxin detection technologies was also prospected.

Application Research Advances Of Different Protein Cross-Linking Methods In Cereal Foods Processing, Chen Zhen-Yun, Shen Yu-Xi, Li Jun-Jie, Liu Min-Nan, Wang Li

Food and Machinery

Protein crosslinking plays an important role in cereal food processing. In recent years, many studies have been carried out on the crosslinking of cereal proteins. However, it is not clear about the principles and molecular mechanisms of crosslinking of cereal proteins. In this review, three kinds of different methods, including physical cross-linking, chemical cross-linking and enzymatic cross-linking, for enhancing the crosslinking of cereal proteins in cereal food processing were summarized, and their recent advances were discussed. Moreover, the effects of the three kinds of protein crosslinking methods on the structural properties of cereal proteins and related products were analyzed. Finally, …

Research Progress On The Effect Of Biological And Non-Thermal Processing On The Content Of Phenolic Compounds And Antioxidant Activity In Cereals And Miscellaneous Beans, Ma Zhan-Qian, Zhai Xiao-Tong, Tan Bin

Food and Machinery

Bioprocessing and non-thermal processing can improve the quality of cereals and miscellaneous beans, which significantly increase the content of phenols and antioxidant activities. This study systematically reviewed the effects of bioprocessing and non-thermal processing on phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of cereal and soybean, and prospected the key research ideas for further development of cereal and soybean processing.

Productivity Of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolar L.) At Diverse Irrigation Regimes And Sowing Dates In Semi-Arid And Arid Environment, Muhammad Kashif Mubarik, Khadim Hussain, Ghulam Abbas, Muhammad Tanveer Altaf, Faheem Shahzad Baloch, Shakeel Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Determining optimal sowing date, optimal number of irrigation applications, and best-performing cultivars is critical to maximizing achievable sorghum yield in semiarid and arid environments. Limited research is available on interactive effects of sowing date, irrigation frequency, and genotype at multiple locations. Consequently, this study was conducted to determine impact of sowing dates, irrigation regimes, and cultivars on yield and growth traits during 2016 and 2017 at two locations in Pakistan. Experiments were laid out in a split-split design at Maize and Millets Research Institute, Yusafwala, Sahiwal, and at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. Each experiment was comprised of three factors: (a) …

Virus Diseases Of Cereal And Oilseed Crops In Australia: Current Position And Future Challenges, Roger Jones, Murray Sharman, Piotr Trebicki, Solomon Maina, Benjamin S. Congdon

Biosecurity Research Articles

This review summarizes research on virus diseases of cereals and oilseeds in Australia since the 1950s. All viruses known to infect the diverse range of cereal and oilseed crops grown in the continent’s temperate, Mediterranean, subtropical and tropical cropping regions are included. Viruses that occur commonly and have potential to cause the greatest seed yield and quality losses are described in detail, focusing on their biology, epidemiology and management. These are: barley yellow dwarf virus, cereal yellow dwarf virus and wheat streak mosaic virus in wheat, barley, oats, triticale and rye; Johnsongrass mosaic virus in sorghum, maize, sweet corn and …

Research Progress On Hazards And Toxicity Of Major Mycotoxins In Grain, Yuan Hang

Food and Machinery

Mycotoxins are metabolized by filamentous fungi and have certain toxic effects. Based on the stable formation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2 cells), a variety of plasma proteins were secreted, which could effectively evaluate the in vitro toxic effects of mycotoxins. We reviewed the harm of major mycotoxins to food and their toxic effects on human cells, and this was significant for predicting and preventing the effects of mycotoxins on human and animal health in the future.

Nutritional Quality Of Commercial Baby Food Based On Cereals, Diellëza Azemi, Hyrie Koraqi, Sara Selimi, Namik Durmishi, Violeta Lajqi

UBT International Conference

Commercial baby food based on cereals are the products usually made with cereals, sugar and variable additives. As the foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses, baby foods for infants and young children conforms to a set of strict guidelines e.g. nutritional quality, addition of additives, labelling. However, being an important supplement to children diet and for their progressive adaptation to ordinary food, the nutritional quality of commercial baby food based on cereals in very important. Samples of commercial baby food from the market and pharmacies were analyzed by parameters: pH, total soluble solids, moisture, total acidity, vitamin C, proteins, sugars …

Can Sub-Saharan Africa Feed Itself?, Martin K. Van Ittersum, Lenny G. J. Van Bussel, Joost Wolf, Patricio Grassini, Justin Van Wart, Nicolas Guilpart, Lieven Claessens, Hugo De Groot, Keith Wiebe, Daniel Mason-D'Croz, Haishun Yang, Hendrik Boogard, Pepijn A. J. Van Oort, Marloes P. Van Loon, Kazuki Saito, Ochieng Adimo, Samuel Adjei-Nsiah, Alhassane Agali, Abdullahi Bala, Regis Chikowo, Kayuki Kaizzi, Mamoutou Kouressy, Joachim H. J. R. Makoi, Korodjouma Ouattara, Kindie Tesfaye, Kenneth G. Cassman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Although global food demand is expected to increase 60% by 2050 compared with 2005/2007, the rise will be much greater in sub- Saharan Africa (SSA). Indeed, SSA is the region at greatest food security risk because by 2050 its population will increase 2.5-fold and demand for cereals approximately triple, whereas current levels of cereal consumption already depend on substantial imports. At issue is whether SSA can meet this vast increase in cereal demand without greater reliance on cereal imports or major expansion of agricultural area and associated biodiversity loss and greenhouse gas emissions. Recent studies indicate that the global increase …

A Gis Based Land Suitability Assessment For Agricultural Planning In Kilte Awulaelo District, Ethiopia, Ahmed Harb Rabia A.H. Rabia

Ahmed Harb Rabia A.H. Rabia

Land Suitability refers to the ability of a portion of land to tolerate the production of crops in a sustainable way. Such kind of analysis allows identifying the main limiting factors for the agricultural production and enables decision makers to develop crop managements able to increase the land productivity. Objectives of this study were to develop a GIS based approach for land use suitability assessment which will assist land managers and land use planners to identify areas with physical constraints for a range of nominated land uses. Also to help identify the management requirements that will ensure that a particular …

Returns To R&D Investment Of Dafwa: Benefit Cost Analysis, 2005-2006, Nazrul Islam

Bulletins 4000 -

The primary outcome or objective of the projects that are assessed, is to increase the market competitiveness and profitability of agri-industry.

G06-1033 It's Snack Time, Linda S. Boeckner, Karen Schledewitz

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Snacks are the foods we eat outside of a more structured meal setting. Snacking can be a part of a healthy eating plan or it can be a harmful habit. The difference between harmful and healthy snacking is up to you. Think about what, when, how often and how much you eat snacks.

In this NebGuide, learn how snacks affect your overall diet and how to select healthful snacks that meet your dietary needs.

National And Regional Assessments Of Crop Yield Trends And Relative Production Efficiency : Theme 5.1. Land Use Change, Productivity And Diversification, David Stephens

Agriculture reports

National and regional assessment in Australia of relative production (yield) efficiency for wheat and other cereals providing estimates of biological production potential based on seasonal climatic conditions, compared with actual production values for selected historical dates between 1982 and 2000.

Effects Of Humic Acid And Phosphorus Applications On Growth And Phosphorus Uptake Of Corn Plant (Zea Maysl.) Grown In A Calcareous Soil, İbrahi̇m Erdal, Mehmet Ali̇ Bozkurt, Keri̇m Mesut Çi̇mri̇n, Si̇yami̇ Karaca, Mustafa Sağlam

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different humic acid and phosphorus levels on corn plant ( Zea mays L.) growth and P availability in a calcareous soil. Four levels of P (0, 20, 40, 80 mgkg^{-1}) and 3 levels of humic acid (0, 250, 500 mgkg^{-1}) were used in the experiment. The results showed that the dry weight, plant P concentration, P uptake and residual available P amount increased with humic acid applications, and that the effect of humic acid on the above parameters combined with P fertilisation was higher than that of humic acid …

Ec98-454 Nutrition For The Older Adult, Wanda Koszewski, Carol Ray, Amy Sutton, Lisa Beretta

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Nutrition is important for everyone at any age and is one of the keys to healthy living. We are all overwhelmed with new information about nutrition each day. This publication focuses on nutrition topics specifically related to the elderly.

G98-1364 Feeding Children Ages 2 To 5, H. Darlene Martin

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide defines nutritional needs and healthy eating patterns for children ages 2 to 5.

Children Grow at Their Own Rate

Children move though growth spurts throughout childhood. Usually, a child will grow about 2 1/2 inches and gain about four or five pounds each year between the ages of 2 and 5. By 15 months old, most children have developed enough fine motor skills to feed themselves without help, if allowed to do so. Appetites vary with young children as well as adults. Parents and caregivers need to help promote a healthy pattern of eating rather than using controlling …

Agriculture And The Western Australian Economy : Value Added Contribution Of Agricultural Commodities, Nazrul Islam

All other publications

No abstract provided.

Nf93-150 Action Steps For Healthy Weight Management For Adults (Revised August 2005), Linda S. Boeckner

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The weight-loss industry is a multimillion dollar business. A 2005 study of the weight-loss effectiveness of some popular diets indicated that results are best when individuals have the greatest adherence to the diet.

The following information outlines actions that can help every adult manage his or her body weight realistically, and with the potential for the greatest adherence.

G92-1113 Family Nutrition Guide, Harriet Kohn, H. Darlene Martin

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This guide will help you make healthful food choices for yourself and family members over two years old.

Is your diet healthful? Write out what you and/or your family eat for one full day. Use the Dietary Guidelines (below) and the Food Guide Pyramid (center fold) to evaluate what was eaten. Check the last page for weight information. Now you are ready to plan to meet your nutritional needs.

Nf91-35 Amaranth Grain Production In Nebraska, David D. Baltensperger, Drew J. Lyon, Lenis Alton Nelson, Alan J. Corr

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact discusses amaranth grain production in Nebraska.

G90-962 Introducing Solid Foods To Babies, Darlene Martin

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide explains when and how to add solid foods to your baby's diet.

Good nutrition is the cornerstone of a baby's growth and development. The American Academy of Pediatrics strongly recommends breast-feeding for most full-term infants. No formula can replace the immunological protection a baby receives from colostrum -- the breast milk produced the first few days after birth. It's important to breast-feed for at least the first few weeks, even if it can't be continued for a long time. If breast-feeding is not your choice, or if it is discontinued before the baby's first birthday, commercially prepared infant …

Comparison Of Economic Returns From Grain Crops, H M. Fisher

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

While wheat is still generally the most profitable crop in Western Australia the relative profitability of barley and linseed has risen in the last few years; in southern areas they are likely to be at least as profitable as wheat.

Oats has fallen in profitability relative to wheat, and grain legumes have suffered a marked fall. Yields of these grains have increased with the introduction of new varieties but their price increases have not kept pace with those of wheat and barley. The present relationship of yields and costs indicates that substantial price changes will be needed to change the …

Nitrogen Fertilisers And Cereals, M G. Mason

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FEW aspects of cereal growing have received as much attention in the past 20 years as nitrogen fertilisers.

The recommendations and yield figures presented below are based on numerous trials in the agricultural areas of Western Australia.

Simple Treatment Will Protect Farm-Stored Grain, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

WITH unusually large quantities of grain likely to be stored on farms this season, 1970 will be an important year for the control of pests in stored grain.

Infested grain from farms is responsible for almost all outbreaks of infestation in bulk storages, leading to costly treatment by the grain handling authority. Effective control on the farm would eliminate most of this.

Drilled Versus Topdressed Superphosphate For Cereal Production, A Loutit, P. Stallwood, W. J. Cox

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

CEREAL growers in Australia usually use a drill or combine to apply their seed and superphosphate in one operation.

However, during the last few years, there has been a rapid increase in the amount of super broadcast bafore seeding.

Nitrogenous Fertilisers For Cereal Production, M G. Mason

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE greatest responses to nitrogenous fertilisers can be expected in areas with a relatively long growing season.

In such areas light soils with a low nitrogen status provide the best prospects for addition of nitrogen—provided adequate moisture is available.

Rates Of Superphosphate For Cereal Grain Production In The Under 20 Inch Rainfall Areas, Walter Jacob Cox

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

EVERY year farmers use large quantities of superphosphate with cereal crops to overcome the inherent phosphate deficiency of West Australian soils.

The increase in the average rate used by farmers reflects the increasing amount of new land being cropped.

Good seasons and favourable economic conditions may also have influenced super rates.

Sources Of Nitrogen For Cereals : Their Characteristics And Costs, M G. Mason

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Generally similar results may be expected from all the sources of nitrogen available for cereal growing.

The unit nitrogen price and the convenience of use of each fertiliser in the particular situation should be taken into account in deciding which fertiliser to use.

THE first point to consider when deciding which nitrogen fertiliser to use for wheat growing is the effectiveness of the nitrogen source in increasing crop yield. Second, the cost per unit of nitrogen must be considered.

The convenience of using a particular source in a particular situation is also important and greater convenience may offset some cost …

Recommended Cereal Varieties, 1967, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE wheat varieties Claymore, Gabo and Wagin have been withdrawn from the list of wheat varieties recommended by the State Wheat Advisory Committee for sowing this season, mainly because of their lower yield performances.

THE varieties Avon, Fulmark, Irwin and Kent are recommended for sowing in 1967 by the Coarse Grains Advisory Committee and the Department of Agriculture. The areas where satisfactory crops of these varieties can be grown are given in the map and table.

THE varieties Prior and Beecher are again recommended for sowing in 1967 by the Coarse Grains Advisory Committee and the Department of Agriculture.

Varieties And Time Of Sowing, H M. Fisher

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE extent to which seasonal conditions favour the various stages of plant development has a marked effect on cereal yields. Because varieties differ in their development they react in different ways to a particular seasonal pattern.