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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
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Modeling Effects Of Ecological Factors On Evolution Of Polygenic Pesticide Resistance, C. V. Haridas, Brigitte Tenhumberg
Modeling Effects Of Ecological Factors On Evolution Of Polygenic Pesticide Resistance, C. V. Haridas, Brigitte Tenhumberg
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Widespread use of pesticides has resulted in the evolution of resistance in many insect pests worldwide, limiting their use in pest control. Effective pest and resistance management practices require understanding of the genetics of resistance and the life history of the pest. Most models for pesticide resistance assume that resistance is monogenic, conferred by a single gene. However, resistance could evolve as a polygenic quantitative trait resulting from the action of several genes, especially when pesticide dose is low. Further, fitness of the pest could be density dependent and might depend upon abiotic factors such as temperature. It is not …
Generation Of An Attenuated, Cross-Protective Pepino Mosaic Virus Variant Through Alignment-Guided Mutagenesis Of The Viral Capsid Protein, Godwill M. Chewachong, Sally A. Miller, Joshua J. Blakeslee, David M. Francis, Thomas Jack Morris, Feng Qu
Generation Of An Attenuated, Cross-Protective Pepino Mosaic Virus Variant Through Alignment-Guided Mutagenesis Of The Viral Capsid Protein, Godwill M. Chewachong, Sally A. Miller, Joshua J. Blakeslee, David M. Francis, Thomas Jack Morris, Feng Qu
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Mild variants of many viruses are able to protect infected plants from subsequent invasion by more severe variants of the same viruses through a process known as cross-protection. In the past, the cross-protective viral variants were commonly derived from mild field isolates that were sometimes genetically heterogeneous, providing variable levels of crossprotection. Here, we report a novel approach to rapidly generate crossprotective variants of the tomato-infecting Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) independently of the availability of mild field isolates. Our approach sought to attenuate PepMV by mutating less conserved amino acid residues of the abundantly produced capsid protein (CP). These less-conserved …
Estimating The Frequency Of Cry1f Resistance In Field Populations Of The European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Blair D. Siegfried, Murugesan Rangasamy, Haichuan Wang, Terence A. Spencer, Chirakkal V. Haridas, Brigitte Tenhumberg, Douglas V. Sumerford, Nicholas P. Storer
Estimating The Frequency Of Cry1f Resistance In Field Populations Of The European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Blair D. Siegfried, Murugesan Rangasamy, Haichuan Wang, Terence A. Spencer, Chirakkal V. Haridas, Brigitte Tenhumberg, Douglas V. Sumerford, Nicholas P. Storer
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Background: Transgenic corn hybrids that express toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have suppressed European corn borer populations and reduced the pest status of this insect throughout much of the US corn belt. A major assumption of the high-dose/refuge strategy proposed for insect resistance management and Bt corn is that the frequency of resistance alleles is low so that resistant pests surviving exposure to Bt corn will be rare. Results: The frequency of resistance to the Cry1F Bt toxin was estimated using two different screening tools and compared with annual susceptibility monitoring based on diagnostic bioassays and LC50 …
Do Bacterial And Fungal Communities In Soils Of The Bolivian Altiplano Change Under Shorter Fallow Periods?, L. Gomez-Montano, A. Jumpponen, M. A. Gonzales, J. Cusicanqui, C. Valdivia, P. P. Motavalli, M. Herman, K. A. Garrett
Do Bacterial And Fungal Communities In Soils Of The Bolivian Altiplano Change Under Shorter Fallow Periods?, L. Gomez-Montano, A. Jumpponen, M. A. Gonzales, J. Cusicanqui, C. Valdivia, P. P. Motavalli, M. Herman, K. A. Garrett
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Traditional fallow periods in the Bolivian highlands are being shortened in an effort to increase short-term crop yields, with potential long-term impacts on soil microbial communities and their functions. In addition, native vegetation, such as Parasthrephia sp. or Baccharis sp. (both locally known as “thola”) are often removed as a fuel for cooking. We evaluated the effects of fallow period and thola on soils in 29 farmers’ fields in two municipalities in the Bolivian Altiplano (Umala and Ancoraimes). Soil fungal and bacterial community responses were characterized using 454-pyrosequencing. Soils in Ancoraimes had significantly higher levels of organic matter, nitrogen, and …
Movement Of Crop Transgenes Into Wild Plants, Kathleen H. Keeler, Charles E. Turner, Margaret R. Bolick
Movement Of Crop Transgenes Into Wild Plants, Kathleen H. Keeler, Charles E. Turner, Margaret R. Bolick
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Despite the great potential and increasing importance of other weed control options (Turner et al. 1992) and unwanted environmental side effects of some herbicides, herbicides constitute a very important means of weed control. The escape of herbicide resistance genes to wild, weedy plants could cause more severe weed problems, and presents a very real threat to the efficacy of herbicides as a weed control option. Therefore, management strategies that prevent, or reduce the likelihood and frequency of HRG escape through containment methods are advisable, as are mitigation plans in the event of HRG escape to wild plants.
Molecular Approaches For Control Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, H. B. Scholthof, M. Borja, Thomas Jack Morris, A. O. Jackson
Molecular Approaches For Control Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, H. B. Scholthof, M. Borja, Thomas Jack Morris, A. O. Jackson
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
I N this overview strategies are discussed that are currently being tested in our laboratory in an effort to engineer resistance against tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) in plants. TBSV is chosen as a model-system since this is an economically important RNA virus that is well characterized at the molecular level and the virus has some interesting and potentially useful features that can be exploited to produce resistant plants. Moreover, we anticipate that the information derived from our studies with TBSV will be applicable in developing resistance to other plant viruses. Some approaches that we are attempting to apply to …
Origin And Evolution Of Defective Interfering Rnas Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, David A. Knorr, Thomas Jack Morris
Origin And Evolution Of Defective Interfering Rnas Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, David A. Knorr, Thomas Jack Morris
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Viruses with defective genomes have been identified in association with virtually every major family of viruses and have been widely utilized as tools for investigating virus functions in animal cell culture systems (Perrault, 1981). It is generally thought that defective interfering viruses (DIs) arise through deletion, rearrangement, or recombination of a competent viral genome. DIs tack the ability for independent existence relying on their parental helper viruses to supply factors required for replication, maturation, and/or encapsidation (Huang and Baltimore, 1977). The interference attributed to DIs is thought to result from competition with the helper virus for factors required in trans …
Virus Disease Of Small Fruits, R. H. Converse
Virus Disease Of Small Fruits, R. H. Converse
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
This illustrated handbook was compiled by international authorities on virus and viruslike diseases of small fruits. Crops covered are in the plant genera Fragaria (strawberry), Vaccinium (blueberry and cranberry), Ribes (currant and gooseberry), and Rubus (blackberry and raspberry). The history, geographic distribution, importance, symptoms, transmission, cause, detection, and control of virus and viruslike diseases attacking these crops are discussed.
The Grasses Of Nebraska, Charles E. Bessey, Robert Bolin , Depositor
The Grasses Of Nebraska, Charles E. Bessey, Robert Bolin , Depositor
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Dr Bessey was the Nebraska State Botanist and Professor of Botany at University of Nebraska. This report contains a classification list of grasses found in the state and brief comments on the usefulness of the various grasses.