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Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 2006, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

This Report reviews the operations of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and macroeconomic developments during the fiscal year 2006 and appraises the major economic policy outcomes during the period. The Bank reported a stable foreign exchange market in 2006, with an average effective official exchange rate of N 128.65 per U.S dollar, an increase of 2.6% over 2005. The stock of external reserves, valued at US$12.30 billion, was 49.6% higher than in 2005, driven by high crude oil prices and lower debt-service burden. The reserves were equivalent to 28.4 months of import cover, exceeding the 6 months requirement under …

Rural Women Entrepreneurship In South Dakota, Carol J. Cumber, Abbigail Meeder

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

The Art Of Leasing Negotiation In A Frenzied Environment, Bruce Johnson, Allen Prosch, Aaron Raymond

Cornhusker Economics

Let’s face it. The farm economy across much of Nebraska has literally been turned upside down in the past few months by the “Ethanol Gold Rush.” Demand for corn has shot corn prices upward beyond $3.00 per bushel, when only a year earlier the harvest prices hovered around $1.50. Many expect these new price levels to hold, at least for the 2007 crop season.

Making The Competition Irrelevant - The Blue Ocean Strategy, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel

Cornhusker Economics

What if you were involved in a business where all the market trends were showing a decline, indicating limited potential for growth? Here is the reality - your primary customer no longer sees your product or service as important. Other products and services have simply pushed you out. Technology and globalization are making it increasingly difficult to compete. Your realistic assessment tells you that the cost cutting strategies you have been implementing can only take the business so far. In essence, the business appears to be going nowhere.

Identifying Economic Indicators For Ecosystem-Based Management:, Scott Norris

Publications

In America and across the world, the use of ecosystem-based management is

increasing. One of the primary challenges faced in using this method of management is the integration of economic data and environmental information. This report explores the use of a new tool for integrating economic data, ecosystem-based economic indicators, in a case study of Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve, an estuarine environment located in Monterey County, CA. Research and literature reviews were used to detail the economic activities of the area, in order to identify possible indicators,criteria for evaluating the indicators, and potential sources of indicator data. After …

Thinking Of Changing Your Mind, Now That You Already Planted Wheat?, Matt Stockton, Roger K. Wilson

Cornhusker Economics

Because wheat prices had increased dramatically this past year relative to other commodity prices, and seemed to remain strong, some producers decided to plant wheat this fall on acres that traditionally were planted to corn or soybeans. With the recent upswing in the corn market these producers may now be wondering if they should stick with the wheat they already planted or reconsider their plans and plant corn.

Environmental And Resource Management Under Myopia, Tomoki Fujii

Research Collection School Of Economics

Myopia is important in environmental and resource management problems because they often involve intertemporal decisions over a long time horizon. We present a parsimonious extension of standard dynamic programming equation in a continuous time and continuous state setting, which enables rich description of myopic behavior. In our model, the process of planning future controls and choosing current control are clearly distinguished. We Illustrate the behavior of various types of myopic agents with a simple example of non-renewable resource extraction, and discuss the policy relevance of the expiry of extraction permits to resource management under Myopia.

Economics Of Management Options For Lake Mcconaughy, Ray Supalla, Thomas V. Buell

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

The amount of water stored in Lake McConaughy reached a historical low in the Fall of 2004 and again in 2006. In 2005 and 2006 CNPPID irrigators received less than a full supply of Lake McConaughy water for the first time since the system came on line over 60 years ago. Electric power interests, recreation interests and the regional economy have also been adversely affected by low water levels. What, if anything should the State of Nebraska do to minimize the adverse impacts from this situation and/or prevent it from developing again in the future?

The most critical policy issue …

The Cost Of Reducing Irrigation, Ray Supalla

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

For several decades Nebraska has proudly and appropriately regarded irrigation development as an important source of economic growth. However, in some parts of the state we now have too much of a good thing! To meet our Compact obligations to Kansas and Colorado in the Republican Basin and to comply with the proposed Cooperative Agreement for the Platte Basin we must find a way to consume less irrigation water. The cost of reducing irrigation and the equity implications will depend on what methods the state uses to achieve this objective.

We recently estimated the costs to irrigators and to the …

Water Optimizer: A Tool For Decision Support And Policy Analysis, Derrel L. Martin, Ray Supalla

Department of Agricultural Economics: Presentations, Working Papers, and Gray Literature

Water Optimizer is a tool for analyzing alternative water management strategies when the available water supply is limited. It can be used by producers to determine the profit maximizing crops to produce and the optimum amount of water to apply to each crop, given a particular water supply. It can also be used to evaluate the economic consequences of public policies which expand or reduce the amount of irrigation.

The Water Optimizer model can compute the profit maximizing strategy for producers located in any county in Nebraska where there is significant irrigation. This can be done for three different soil …

The Market Acceptance And Welfare Impacts Of ‘Terminator’ Technology, Marianna Khachaturyan, Amalia Yiannaka

Cornhusker Economics

An Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) system is effective when infringers can be identified, successfully sued for damages and deterred from further infringement. The effectiveness of IPRs in plant varieties is limited due to high detection costs of unauthorized use of seed that embodies intellectual property (e.g., genetically modified (GM) seed) and high enforcement costs. Seed companies have traditionally performed limited research and development (R&D) in self-pollinating plants mainly because seed saving limits their ability to recoup their investment.1

Market Reports

Cornhusker Economics

No abstract provided.

Retailing Patterns Across Nebraska In 2005, David J. Peters

Cornhusker Economics

Understanding your local trade area is important because retail sales taxes are an important source of revenue for local governments; and the geographic concentration of retailing directly affects smaller communities. This analysis provides some base information that allows a better understanding of local trade areas. It should be considered a first step in developing a larger trade area plan and strategies for expanding the retail sales base. Pull factors are the best method to summarize the relative success of an area’s retail sector. Pull factors estimate the relative proportion of retail sales that a county draws from outside its borders, …

The Economics Of Dry Distillers Grain As A Creep Feed For Yearling Cattle, Matt Stockton

Cornhusker Economics

With the expected increase in ethanol production, one may expect an increase in production of its by-product, distiller’s grain. This by-product can be either sold as wet distiller’s grain (WDG) or as dry distiller’s grain (DDG). The value of DDG prices is expected to continue to fall relative to the value of corn, making this a much talked about alternative for feeding livestock of many different species. While much of the attention for the use of this by-product feed has been directed toward intensive livestock production such as dairy, hogs and fed cattle, recent work at the West Central Research …

Who Is Reading Nutritional Labels? (In Greek), Andreas Drichoutis, Panagiotis Lazaridis, Rodolfo M. Nayga, Jr.

Andreas Drichoutis

No abstract provided.

Determinants Of Demand For Fruit In Greece (In Greek), Andreas Drichoutis, Stathis Klonaris, Panagiotis Lazaridis

Andreas Drichoutis

No abstract provided.

Towards A New Taxation System For Motor Vehicles, Theodoros Zachariadis

Theodoros Zachariadis

No abstract provided.

Market Journal Toolbox, Becky Small, Darrell R. Mark

Cornhusker Economics

Producers often rely on cash market sales without the use of forward contracting, futures hedging and other risk management tools for several reasons. Some producers perceive that the use of hedging lowers their net price or increases price variability on average. Others view hedging as a risky price enhancement mechanism that is reliant on being able to successfully forecast futures prices. Selling crops or livestock that have not yet been raised, paying margin calls and dealing with brokers are all viewed as risk-inducing activities for some farmers and ranchers. Many producers indicate their use of forward contracting and hedging is …

Agri-Environmental Policy Options For Working Lands In The Next United States Farm Bill, Thomas L. Dobbs

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

Fall Tax Planning, Tina N. Barrett

Cornhusker Economics

There are many benefits to doing fall tax planning for your operation, but the best is what it may cost you if you don’t do it. Really good tax planning requires someone who is knowledgeable in the changes made in the tax law each year, creative enough to think outside of what is normal and realistic enough to know what is possible.

Pillars Of Growth In Nebraska’S Non-Metropolitan Economy, Eric Thompson, Ernie Goss, Chris Decker, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel, Bruce Johnson, Ben Schmitz, Julian Neira, Pavel Jeutang

Rural Initiative Program: Publications and Reports

Agriculture is a critical part of Nebraska’s economy, and changes in the fortunes of agriculture play an important role in the success of the state’s non-metropolitan regions. Trends toward consolidation and rising productivity in agriculture, however, have raised concerns about the future of non-metropolitan Nebraska. Some citizens and policymakers have begun to wonder if the economy can create sufficient job opportunities for non-metropolitan residents. The answer to this question depends not only upon the relative strength of the agricultural sector, but also upon the presence of other industries that can join agriculture as pillars for employment growth in non-metropolitan Nebraska. …

Whither Grain Ethanol?, Richard K. Perrin

Cornhusker Economics

Grain ethanol has been in the Nebraska news almost weekly over the last couple of years - plans announced, plant construction begun, plant openings, etc. The news has buoyed corn prices this fall, despite gasoline prices in the vicinity of $2.00/gal that reduces demand for ethanol. There is concern by some that diversion of corn from food (meat, milk and eggs) to fuel will have serious consequences for livestock and food markets. Concerns are also expressed that overexpansion will turn the ethanol boom into a bust. Much research remains to be done to clarify these economic issues, but some insights …

The Heart Of The Farm, Meg Klosterman Kester, Maggie Miller

Cornhusker Economics

The 22nd Annual Women in Agriculture Conference was held September 14-15, 2006 in Kearney, Nebraska. This year’s conference theme was “The Heart of the Farm,” chosen because of the vital role women play in their operations, both as a producer and a relationship builder. There were nearly 400 women in attendance from 57 Nebraska counties, four states and Australia. Over 50 percent of conference attendees were sponsored by local lenders and agribusinesses.

Does The Federal Estate Tax Impact Farm Transition?, David J. Goeller

Cornhusker Economics

Statistics show that the Federal Estate Tax impacts an extremely small number of farms and ranches. A Congressional Budget Office report based on data from the year 2000 projects less than 125 estates that own agricultural property would pay Federal Estate Tax nation wide.

One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish: The Economic And Environmental Impacts Of Commercial Fishing, Jessica Glenn

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Fish and fisheries play an important role in the Amazon River Basin. Fishing provides jobs to people of both urban and rural communities, and fish are a major source of protein in people’s diets and a major part of the Amazon River ecosystem. In recent years commercial fishing has increased due to greater access to both domestic and international markets, and government incentives which have helped fishermen obtain better equipment and boats. The purpose of this study is to observe the Belém Ver-O-Peso fish market and interview fisherman about different aspects of commercial fishing (what species of fish were caught, …

Piecing Together Social And Environmental Priorities In The Ongoing Process Of Community Development In The Mst Assentamento Of Palmares Ii, Clara C. Ward

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Over the last twelve years the Amazonian MST assentamento, Palmares II, in the Southeastern state of Para, has experienced many successes in terms of advances in education, health care services, community organization, and physical infrastructure in general. This progress in community development is often considered to support the theory of agrarian reform as an effective mechanism for achieving greater social equality and stability. Despite these relative successes, community development to date has not supported the concept of agrarian reform as a mechanism of environmental preservation and sustainable land use. This is due in part to the failure of the community …

Options And Aid: What The Future Holds For The Displaced Sugar Cane Families Of Labasa, Fiji, Lieselot Whitbeck

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In 1997, a large number of agricultural leases in the Fijian sugar belts began to expire without renewal. Stepping away from the debates over who should have access to land under what legislation and for what purpose, this paper concentrates on the people who are being directly affected by lease expiration: the cane farmers and cutters themselves. Through the collection and analysis of information gathered through personal interviews and associated literature, this paper focuses on the present moment in Fiji and identifies the needs of displaced cane families, the options available to them, and the different types of aid that …

The Effects Of The Makgadikgadi Wildlife Fence On Cattle Populations And Local Cattle Industry, Jenny Hazelhurst, Elliot Vander Kolk

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study was conducted to determine the effects of the erection of the Makgadikgadi wildlife fence along the western border of the Makgadikgadi Pans National Park on cattle populations and livestock owners to the west of the fence. Cattle foraging behavior and movement patterns were recorded using GPS and focal observation methods to determine resource use and pressures affecting the populations. Interviews were also conducted in the area of Meno-a-Kwena camp to examine the effects of the fence on the economics of the local cattle industry. Signs of resource stress were found in the continued selection of poor quality forage, …

Labor Force Implications Of Population Decline In Non-Metropolitan Nebraska, Randolph L. Cantrell

Rural Initiative Program: Publications and Reports

The most recent release of population estimates from the Census Bureau indicates that 70 Nebraska counties lost population between 2000 and 2005. These counties included 52 of the 53 that recorded population losses between 1990 and 2000, joined by 18 counties that had grown through the 1990s.

While those counties estimated to have lost population over the last five years included three of 11 micropolitan core counties, eight of ten outlying microplitan counties, and even one of seven outlying metropolitan counties, the great majority were nonmetropolitan. Of the 43 Nebraska counties containing no community of 2,500 or more residents, 42 …

The Welfare Effects Of Pfiesteria-Related Fish Kills: A Contingent Behavior Analysis Of Seafood Consumers, George R. Parsons, Ash O. Morgan, John C. Whitehead, Tim C. Haab

George Parsons