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Bess Of Hardwick: Second Most Powerful Woman Of The Elizabethan Age And A Symbol Of Modern Thought, Hollie Mcdonald

Grand Valley Journal of History

While not a very elegant representation of Bess of Hardwick, this quatrain nevertheless introduces a striking and unique character of an Elizabethan woman. Many studies on Elizabethan women focus on the subjugated place of females in that society. However, women, such as Bess of Hardwick, existed, and did not fit within these stereotypes, much like the poem by one of Bess’ contemporaries indicates. Often, since these women are minorities in sixteenth century England, they are overlooked entirely and not given proper credit for their accomplishments and services to crown and country. This is an ungracious disservice to the women who …

Capacity Building Legacies: Boards Of The Richmond Male Orphan Asylum For Destitute Boys & The Protestant Episcopal Church Home For Infirm Ladies 1870-1900, F. Ellen Netting, Mary Katherine O'Connor, David P. Fauri

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

What strategies did early boards of managers of charitable human service agencies pursue to build capacity in a way that sustained their efforts for more than a hundred years? Using primary and secondary documents to focus on two organizations- The Male Orphan Asylum (1846) and the Protestant Episcopal Church Home (1875)-three norms emerged: run it like a business, keep it like a house, and base it in the community, along with a host of associated activities. Based on these norms and activities, three strategies were identified: diversification of resources, working boards, and leadership continuity, all of which have implications for …

Uncovering Nellie Bly, Martha Groppo

Kaleidoscope

No abstract provided.

Kentucky's "Purchase" Area During The Civil War

Jackson Purchase Historical Society Journal Archive

Kentucky's "Purchase" Area During The Civil War

John E.L. Robertson

Jennie Fyfe In War And Peace

Jackson Purchase Historical Society Journal Archive

Jennie Fyfe In War and Peace

John E.L. Robertson with Vonnie Shelton

Entanglement: Health, Healing And Society In Africa, Haley Noel

Anthós

As a continent, Africa has been explored, exploited, and largely abandoned by the West. During the colonial era of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, foreign powers encountered diverse cultures, superstitions and disease before promptly labeling the entire continent a dangerous and primitive place. For early explorers and colonialists, disease and the threat of ill health is what defined Africa. They overlooked the pre-existing strategies and practices that Africans had adapted to guard against certain diseases, either ignoring them or labeling the misunderstood safety nets as primitive. Also overlooked was the importance of societal organization and communal cooperation among …

Dirigo In The Arctic: Donald B. Macmillan, Harrison J. Hunt, And The Crocker Land Expedition, 1913-1917, Charles H. Lagerbom

Maine History

The polar careers of three Maine men intersected in the far reaches of the northern Arctic Ocean at a specific geographic spot on the globe: 83° North Latitude, 100° West Longitude. Called Crocker Land, it had been sighted by polar explorer and Maine resident Robert E. Peary on June 24, 1906. In 1913, Mainer Donald B. MacMillan organized the Crocker Land expedition to explore this land that Peary had sighted. Another Mainer, Harrison J. Hunt, signed on as doctor for MacMillan’s venture in 1913. Crocker Land tied them all together, but only one of the three actually stood where it …

King Of Masks: The Myth Of Miao-Shan And The Empowerment Of Women, Kevin Dodd

Journal of Religion & Film

King of Masks represents a particular type of mythic film that includes within it references to an ancient sacred story and is itself a contemporary recapitulation of it. The movie also belongs to a further subcategory of mythic cinema, using the double citation of the myth—in its original integrity and its re-enactment—to critique the subordinate position of women to men in the narrated world. To do this, the Buddhist myth of Miao-shan, which centralizes the Confucian value of filiality, is re-applied beyond its traditional scope and context. Thereby two prominent features of contemporary China are creatively addressed: the revival of …

Filipino-Japanese Marriages, Leslie E. Bauzon

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints

No abstract provided.

The First World War Between Memory And History: A Conference Retrospective, Christopher Schultz, Jonathan Weier

Canadian Military History

Long after the guns of the First World War went silent on 11 November 1918, the war continues to spark debate. The many points of contention were on full display at the “From Memory to History” conference, hosted by Western University in London, Ontario, over three days in November 2011. Scholars and enthusiasts from around the world gathered to share, debate, and ultimately demonstrate that the war’s many legacies are still open to interpretation, even as the centenary of the war’s outbreak approaches. Perhaps the most crucial lesson learned is that both memory and history are malleable concepts, prone to …

Side-Steppers And Original-Firsts: The Overseas Chevron Controversy And Canadian Identity In The Great War, Andrew Iarocci

Canadian Military History

Badges of rank, qualification, and achievement can play significant, it not always explicit, roles in military culture. In late 1917 the British War Office instituted a new award, overseas service chevrons, to recognize service abroad for all ranks and branches of the Empire’s expeditionary forces. This article considers evolving Canadian attitudes toward the chevrons throughout 1918 and in the postwar years. Rather than boost the morale of rank and file soldiers in the Canadian Corps, the chevrons appear to have caused much resentment. Some front liners believed that the award should somehow be distinguish between combat and non-combat service. After …

“When You’Re A Long, Long Way From Home”: The Establishment Of Canadian-Only Social Clubs For Cef Soldiers In London, 1915–1919, Sarah Cozzi

Canadian Military History

This article examines the off–duty activities of Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) soldiers in Britain during the First World War. For many CEF soldiers abroad, Britain became their “home away from home,” with London serving as their main leave–time destination. Although thousands of CEF soldiers visited the English capital, Canadian federal and military authorities maintained a hands–off approach to the off–duty lives of the men. Fearing for the men’s well–being, Canadian philanthropist, Lady Julia Drummond, established the Canadian–only King George and Queen Mary Maple Leaf Club. Founded upon middle– and upper–class moral standards the Maple Leaf Club emphasizes the role of …

Canada’S Coming Of Age: A New Resource For Schools

Canadian Military History

No abstract provided.

Naval Medical Operations At Kingston During The War Of 1812, Gareth A. Newfield

Canadian Military History

Throughout the War of 1812 the practice of naval medicine in Kingston (the headquarters of British naval forces on the Great Lakes) was beset with adversity. Dependent for years upon the army, the Provincial Marine’s medical resources were minimal, with problems increasing exponentially after the expansion of the Royal Navy’s forces on the lakes in early 1813. Naval surgeons in Kingston faced almost constant shortages of personnel, supplies and facilities, issues which were not fully resolved until the very end of the war. Yet although the standard of care under these conditions has earned a poor reputation in the past, …

Canada And The First World War: A Canadian War Museum Internet Exhibition, Tim Cook, Kathryn Lyons

Canadian Military History

Canada and the First World War is the largest internet resource ever developed by the Canadian War Museum. The goal of this site is to provide visitors across the country and around the world with the most comprehensive and authoritative site for the history of Canada and Canadians in the First World War.

Like our permanent galleries, the site’s goal is to tell the story of Canada’s role in the First World War at the international, national, and personal levels. While the CWM’s collection dictated, to some degree, the extent of the storyline, this will be an important site for …

Spirited Imperialism: The Formation And Command Of The First Canadian Expeditionary Force In South Africa, Daniel P. Gosselin

Canadian Military History

This article explores the role played by Chamberlain, Minto and Hutton in shaping the organizational and command structure of the Canadian expeditionary force that deployed to South Africa. In 1899, the war raised not only the vital question about the kind of imperial war Canada ought to participate in, but also the form of that participation. As this article demonstrates, the British politician, the colonial administrator and the general saw the war as an opportunity to advance their specific agenda, strongly fuelled by imperialist sentiments. In doing so, the ideas that shaped their actions between July and October 1899 provided …

Preparing For The Bomb: The Development Of Civil Defence Policy In Canada, 1948–1963, Mark Davidson

Canadian Military History

During the period 1948 to 1963 civil defence in Canada developed in a number of stages that reflected changes in technology, weaponry and scientific discovery. The first stage of development, roughly between 1948 and 1952, witnessed only minor developments. Civil defence followed the Second World War practice, with a focus on air raid shelters and, if possible, evacuation. In the years 1952 to 1954 as the possibility of a nuclear attack became more real as a result of the Soviet development of intercontinental bombers, civil defence officials moved towards a policy of mass evacuation of target areas and the rescue …

The Canadians In Sicily: Sixty Years On, Geoffrey Hayes

Canadian Military History

No abstract provided.

The Long Wait (Part I): A Personal Account Of Infantry Training In Britain, June 1942–June 1943, Harold Macdonald, M.A. Macdonald

Canadian Military History

In the early summer of 1942, Harold (Hal) MacDonald, a young infantry officer from Saint John, New Brunswick, was posted overseas to join the North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment, then stationed in Great Britain. The North Shores were part of a growing Canadian military presence in Britain, preparing for the day when the Allies would return to the continent to help defeat the armies of Adolf Hitler’s Third Reich. Canadian troops had begun to arrive in England in 1939, and indeed, after the fall of France in the late spring of 1940, formed an important part of Britain’s defence forces …

A Foo At Troteval Farm: 20–21 July 1944, A. Britton Smith

Canadian Military History

No abstract provided.

Holland Summer: Awaiting Repatriation, May–August 1945, Harold Macdonald, M.A. Macdonald

Canadian Military History

No abstract provided.

“Always Ready For Any Sticky Job”: The Canadian Corps Of (Civilian) Firefighters In The Second World War, Keith Hart

Canadian Military History

The Canadian Corps of (Civilian) Firefighters was created. In 1942 to assist the British National Fire Service (NFS) in fighting fires caused by German bombings. Some 400 specially-recruited Corps members served in Britain from 1942 to 1944 under often very hazardous conditions. Its story remains one of the forgotten and more unique Canadian contributions to the war effort.

In The Heat Of Battle: Letters From The Normandy Campaign, Harold Macdonald, M.A. Macdonald

Canadian Military History

Harold S. MacDonald was an officer with the North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment from June 1942 until the end of the Second World War in Europe. Throughout this period he penned a steady stream of letters to his bestfriend, his wife, Marjorie, who was then a newspaper reporter with the Saint John Evening Times-Globe. These letters, totalling 463, were carefully preserved by Marjorie and provide a continuous and absorbing account of the experiences of a front-line Canadian infantry officer in Northwest Europe during the Second World War. They begin in June 1942 with a description of the rowdy voyage …

“Treasures” From The Canadian War Museum’S Backlog, Dan Glenney, Eric Fernberg, Harry Martin, Philip White

Canadian Military History

In the 1970s Canadian War Museum curatorial staff decided they needed to bolster the scope of the museum’s national military collection. Consequently, they placed ads in Legion magazine and enclosed flyers in veterans’ pension cheques inviting veterans to send in military or military related items they had in their possession that they thought would be of interest to the museum. The response was overwhelming. In the end, a grand total of 24,400 objects poured in; many more than was anticipated and much too large a number for the museum’s small staff to properly register and catalogue. The only option was …

“Not Competent To Produce Tanks”: The Ram And Tank Production In Canada, 1939–1945, Graham Broad

Canadian Military History

No abstract provided.

Providing The Gift Of Life: Canadian Medical Practitioners And The Treatment Of Shock On The Battlefield, Bill Rawling

Canadian Military History

The story of Ambroise Pare’s discovery has been told often; of how, during Francis I’s campaign against Turin in 1536-37, he ran out of the oil medical practitioners used to cauterize the stumps of amputees and used an herbal remedy and ligatures instead; and of how the patients treated by the latter method did so much better than those tortured with the former. The tale has much to commend it to the popular imagination: a medical hero makes a serendipitous discovery to relieve the suffering of thousands. However, the story is an exception to a steadfast rule in warfare, for …

Soldier, Pow, Partisan: My Experiences During The Battle Of France, June–September 1944, Don Learment

Canadian Military History

The invasion of Festung Europa has been called many things, among them, die greatest military feat in history, the liberation of Europe’s downtrodden millions, and many other such high and mighty sounding phrases. But to those of us who were to take part in this operation the mouthings of the country’s great meant little. Truly we were impressed by the magnitude of the coming battle, but its true meaning to us who had waited so long was simply “action.”

Recipe For Victory: The Fight For Hill 677 During The Battle Of The Kap’Yong River, 24-25 April 1951, Brent Watson

Canadian Military History

During the night of 24–25 April 1951, the Second Battalion, Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry fought what became the most famous Canadian battle of the Korean War. Outnumbered and isolated, the Princess Pats repulsed wave after wave of attacking Chinese infantry from their positions atop Hill 677 overlooking the Kap’yong River Valley. Although a comparatively minor episode in the broader context of the Korean War, Canadian retention of Hill 677 made an important contribution to the Commonwealth victory at Kap’yong. More significantly, the fight for Hill 677 was clearly the most successful set-piece engagement fought by the Canadians in Korea. …

1st Canadian Parachute Battalion In The Ardennes: A Personal Account, 23 December 1944 To 26 February 1945, R.F. Anderson

Canadian Military History

No abstract provided.

24th Canadian Field Ambulance Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps, Harold Russell

Canadian Military History

The 24th Field Ambulance, Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps, was the only complete Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario unit mobilized and sent overseas in the Second World War. Today few know its story in spite of an active veterans’ association. The purpose of this article is to pay tribute to the service and sacrifice of these extraordinary ordinary men who risked all when Canada was in peril.