Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Commons^™

Synthesis Of Inorganic Porous Materials With Tunable Morphology For Molecular Adsorption And Separation, Sanket Sabnis

Doctoral Dissertations

Global industrial and economic development over the past century has largely relied on combustion of non-renewable fossil fuels, such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas, which are also harmful to environment because of the release of CO₂, responsible for global warming and climate change. Establishing eco-friendly, energy-efficient and cost-effective processes to reduce environmental impact is currently one of the most urgent issues for the sustainable development of our society. Inorganic porous materials have found applications in the fields of renewable energy and environmental protection such as biomass conversion, fuel cells, thermal energy storage, CO₂ capture and conversion, …

Gold-Semiconductor Photocatalysts For Water Treatment Under Visible And Ultraviolet Light, Daniel Willis

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Water scarcity threatens the lives of millions of people worldwide. It is imperative to improve the energy efficiency and affordability of water treatment methods to avoid a looming water-energy crisis. To meet this challenge, I have pursued research on the use of sunlight—our most reliable and abundant source of energy—to drive water treatment through photocatalysis. I explored the literature and found gold-semiconductor materials to hold promise for harvesting sunlight and catalyzing the breakdown of waterborne contaminants. Initially, I designed a novel optical cavity with gold (Au) nanoparticles on a zinc oxide / titania (TiO₂) / aluminum film stack …

Nsf Career Award Supports Schwartz's Research On The Chemical Process For Making Rubber Component, Marcus Wolf

General University of Maine Publications

advance his ongoing dissection of the Lebedev process. The well-known, multi-step chemical reaction is used to make butadiene from biomass-derived ethanol. However, little research has been conducted on the Lebedev process at the molecular level. Understanding the intricacies of this process will help researchers create new catalysts necessary for the chemical reactions to make goods from both petroleum and biomass, that would increase butadiene yield.

Research Progress In Electrodeposition Technology Of Titanium-Based Iridium Oxide Electrode, Dan-Dan Wu, Xu Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Titanium-based iridium oxide electrode has been widely used in various fields, such as electrocatalytic oxidation, biomedical applications, hydrometallurgical metal recovery, electro-osmotic dewatering, etc. At present, it is mainly prepared by traditional thermal decomposition method, however, which has high cost, cumbersome process, mainly relying on manual labor and cannot be mass-produced yet. It is, therefore, urgently necessary to explore new preparation technologies by focusing on electrodeposition technology, with technological characteristics such as eco-friendly and sustainable development. This article systematically discusses the research progress in iridium oxide electrodeposition preparation technology from the aspects of deposition solution formulation, base material selection and treatment, …

Preparation Of Pdcoir Tetrahedron Nanocatalysts And Its Performance Toward Ethanol Oxidation Reaction, Zhi-Yuan Yu, Rui Huang, Jie Liu, Guang Li, Qian-Tong Song, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

As a new energy conversion device, direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) are widely concerned because of their remarkable advantages such as high theoretical energy density and wide fuel sources. However, the rapid development of DEFCs has been severely impeded due to the sluggish kinetic process and toxic intermediates especially in their anodic reactions. Palladium (Pd)-based materials are considered to be excellent anode catalysts for DEFCs, especially under alkaline conditions. And further improving their performance is an important direction to promote the development of DEFCs. Surface structure and composition are the key factors affecting the performance of catalysts which can be …

Syntheses Of Na3V2(Po4)2O2F As A Cathode For Sodium Ion Battery Application, Kai Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

High-temperature solid-state method, hydro-thermal method and solvo-thermal method have been mainly employed to synthesize Na₃V₂(PO₄)₂O₂F (NVPF) cathode materials. However, these methods are energy consuming and complicated, which is not applicable for a large scale industrial production. In this study, a rather low-temperature (70℃) co-precipitation strategy was proposed to synthesize NVPF cathode materials. The as-prepared NVPF cathode materials showed a spherical shape with a diameter of 400 ~ 500 nm, and exhibited a sodium storage of 105.6 mAh·g-1 and an efficiency of 90.06%. After a simple thermal process, the specific capacity …

Preparations And Electrocatalytic Ethanol Properties Of Palladium Intercalated Hydrotalcite, Shou-Xun Hu, Liang Li, Jun-Hao Yang, Liu-Qiang Li, Zhi-Hao Jin

Journal of Electrochemistry

High-performance electrocatalysts play a vital role in the commercial application of direct fuel cells. Current anode materials still have such problems as low activity, easy poisoning and high cost. In this study, a new type of nano- palladium (Pd) catalyst was prepared by dipping method using layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as the carrier. X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), energy spectrometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscope were used to analyze the structure and electrocatalytic performance of the catalyst. The results showed that the newly prepared Pd/Mg-Al-LDHs still maintained …

Ethinylation Reactions Of Some Aldehydes In The Presence Of Phenylacetylene Using High-Base Catalytic Systems, Abdurakhmanova Saida, Ikramov Abduvaxab, Ziyadullayev Odiljon, Ablakulov Lochin

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the research work is the development of synthesis methods of aromatic acetylene alcohols and their various derivatives using different catalytic systems and also, determining their structure, physico-chemical and biological properties. The most effective way of synthesizing AAA is determined using selected complex catalytic systems and also, the range of catalytic activity of used catalysts is created. Acetic aldehyde, benzaldehyde and cyclohexonal, high-base catalytic systems − MOH/ДМСО∙H2O and M2CO3/ДMСO∙H2O with phenylacetylene reaction of enantioselective etynilation were investiged. Efficiency and course of chemical reaction in the process of formation acetylene alcohol affection of temperature, reaction duration, solvents, catalysts and …

Synthesis Of Meta-Altered Arylmaleinamide And Preparation Of Esters In Their Presence, Turaeva Khurshida, Yuldasheva Mukhabbat, Khaydarova Sadokat

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The development of new methods of synthesis using cheaper reagents for the preparation of maleic acid derivatives, the study of chemical properties and the determination of new directions for the practical application of maleic acid derivatives are still relevant. Therefore, the development of this work is an urgent task. The aim of this study was to obtain the synthesis of monomaleinamide compounds under various conditions to obtain arylmaleimide derivatives of maleic acid and to transfer them in a pure state for further reactions. In this study, scientific studies were carried out to find convenient methods for the preparation of monoamide …

Cluster Acceleration And Stabilization In Downflow Catalytic Reactors: Experimental And Cpfd Simulation Studies, Cesar Alejandro Medina Pedraza

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Particle cluster dynamics in downflow reactors are of great importance for the implementation of large scale, environmentally friendly catalytic processes. Studies should address particle cluster velocities, solids holdups, and individual cluster sizes to establish reliable models for the unit scale up.

In this PhD dissertation, the individual characteristics of particle clusters, such as cluster size, velocity, and particle volume fraction, were measured in the feeding, intermediate, and fully developed flow sections of a cold-flow model unit using CREC-GS-Optiprobes. The downer unit employed in this research had a 0.051 m ID and a 2 m high acrylic column. The feeding section …

New Mechanism Insight For The Hydrogenation Of Co/Co2 Gas Mixtures To Hydrocarbons Over Iron-Based Catalyst, Sandeep Badoga, Michela Martinelli, Muthu Kumaran Gnanamani, Young Koh, Wilson D. Shafer

Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications

Iron-based catalysts are the most suitable candidates for converting CO₂ or CO₂-rich syngas to hydrocarbons. However, several issues about the mechanism of CO₂ hydrogenation are still unclear. In this work, we investigated the performance of an iron-based catalyst with H₂/CO₂, H₂/CO/N₂ and H₂/CO/¹³CO₂/N₂ gas mixtures at the same process conditions (T = 270°C, P = 175 psi and SV = 3 NL/h/g_cat). The CO₂ hydrogenation rate was much lower than that observed for CO hydrogenation. ¹³CO_{2 …}

Simulation Design Studies For Biodiesel Production From Castor Oil, Islam M. Al-Akraa, Ahmed H. Ali, Yaser M. Asal

Chemical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Preparation Of Co-Electrodeposited Pd-Au Nanocatalyst For Methanol Electro-Oxidation, Islam M. Al-Akraa, Ahmad M. Mohammad, Yaser M. Asal, Sayed S. Abd El Rehim

Chemical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Dry Reforming Of Methane Using Microwave Irradiated Metal Oxide/Coal Char Catalysts, Anthony Carter

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

This research focuses on the synthesis of both shaped and amorphous powder materials, the combination of these materials with dried Powder River Basin (PRB) coal char, and their reactionary properties with methane and carbon dioxide gasses with conventional and microwave (MW) heating. The first goal of this project was to synthesize shaped micro and nano sized particles with ideal dielectric properties for converting electromagnetic energy into heat and proven capabilities of activating methane. These particles were synthesized via solvothermal, hydrothermal, and co-preceptory treatments alone and onto the surface of dried PRB coal char. PRB is a sub-bituminous, low-ranking coal (LRC) …

Carbon Capture And Utilization, Sriram Valluri

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

As the world moves towards clean energy initiative, carbon capture and utilization technologies are key to achieving net zero emissions. CO2 capture with amines has many disadvantages and cannot be applied to commercial power plants. The current manuscript will address this issue as well as a solution that involves the use of low-cost alkali absorbent CO₂ capture solutions, combined with an electrochemical regeneration method that uses the least amount of energy available for capture and regeneration. This research will also further address the issue of how to deal with the captured CO2. Several viable storage and utilization methods have …

Effects Of Microporous Structure On The Enzymatic Conversion Of Biomass Using A Multiscale Model, Saketh Merugu

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The generation of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass involves innovative process technology that is being investigated worldwide. Enzymatic hydrolysis is a major step in the contemporary process of the generation of biofuels. Guided by pore size distribution measured using NMR cryoporometry, we developed pore-enzyme diffusion and adsorption models at the particle level coupled with a kinetic model for cellulose, cellobiose, and glucose production at flask level. By simulating these models in MATLAB, COMSOL, and Polymath software packages, we investigate the effects of various biomass particle-related parameters (particle dimensions, porosity, enzyme accessibility) on the characteristic time of enzyme diffusion and adsorption and …

Investigation Of Iron-Nickel Based Nanoparticles As Catalysts For Oxygen Evolution Reaction (Oer), Prashant Acharya

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Hydrogen fuel is increasingly seen as an appealing alternative by both the scientific and the industrial communities in the drive towards a clean energy future. Hydrogen, unlike fossil-based fuels, does not release carbon dioxide, a chief component of greenhouse gases, upon combustion. However, more than 95% of the hydrogen in the world is still produced by burning fossil fuels as this method is currently the only economically feasible option at a large industrial scale.

Water electrolysis shows a lot of potential in both hydrogen generation and in the storage of energy from renewable sources such as wind and sunlight. Likewise, …

New Horizons For Processing And Utilizing Red Mud, M. Archambo

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Red mud is an industrial slurry waste that is produced as a byproduct of the Bayer process for alumina. The waste is generated in large quantities, up to a ratio of 2:1 against the valued product alumina. Red mud exhibits many chemical and physical properties that categorize it as a hazardous material. Due to the addition of sodium hydroxide in processing, the pH is typically at values close to 13. Small particle size discourages separation from water for disposal, so drying red mud happens over many years.

The pH of red mud can be reduced with inexpensive reagents. Carbon dioxide …

Valorization Of Xylan In Agroforestry Waste Streams, Harrison Appiah

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Valorization of Xylan in Agroforestry Waste Streams.

Harrison Appiah

Microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent and gamma-valerolactone metallic chloride catalyzed conversion of xylan to furfural were investigated using a 2x3 factorial experimental design at two levels of percent microwave power, reaction time, and catalyst concentration. The levels of each factor studied were (20%, 60% microwave power, 2, 4 minutes, and 10, 20mg) respectively. The effect of three metallic chloride catalysts (LiCl, FeCl3.6H20, CuCl2) on the conversion of xylan to furfural was also investigated. The gamma-valerolactone-ferric chloride sent system exhibited the highest mean yield of furfural (56.50%). The next highest furfural yield of …

Simultaneous Activation Of Stable Molecules- Methane And Nitrogen- Using Microwave Reactor With And Without Plasma- To Produce Ethylene And Ammonia, Sarojini Tiwari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

The discovery of stranded natural gas around the world has made shale gas cheaper and widely accessible. This has driven the relevant research towards the direct utilization of Methane (CH4), a major component of natural gas. CH4 is a highly stable molecule, hence its activation and consequent formation of value-added chemicals in a direct and efficient manner is a relevant problem of the 21st century. All the commercial processes convert natural gas to chemicals indirectly, via the formation of syngas followed by several reactions. The conventional systems are energy intensive and one of the major contributors to green-house gas emissions. …