Analyzing The Effects Of E-Hook Peptides On Kinesin-1, 2021 University of Mississippi
Analyzing The Effects Of E-Hook Peptides On Kinesin-1, Ashton Ward Murrah, Baylee Hope Howard
Honors Theses
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Cancerous growth is a result of oncogenes, or mutated genes that increase the rate of cell division in an uncontrolled manner. Cell division, which consists of mitosis and cytokinesis phases, is dependent upon the active movement of kinesin motor proteins along microtubules to rearrange the cytoskeleton for equitable distribution of genetic material to daughter cells. As kinesins are vital to this process, if we could prevent kinesin from binding to the microtubules, cell division would cease.
The goal of this study is to develop a method to prevent …
Design Of An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment Utilizing A Stirred-Tank, Jacketed Bioreactor, 2021 University of Mississippi
Design Of An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment Utilizing A Stirred-Tank, Jacketed Bioreactor, Brennen Middleton
Honors Theses
Bioreactors are utilized in many industries, such as the food, alternative fuel, and pharmaceutical industries, to design and manufacture products. Unlike the similar chemical batch reactors utilized in many chemical processing facilities, bioreactor utilization requires engineers to consider a wider range of operating conditions and parameters. This results in a more complex reaction system and controls network. Due to this, it is imperative for chemical and biomedical engineering students to not only understand the theory surrounding these reactor systems, but also understand how to properly design and perform operating procedures with these systems. Thus, it was determined to create an …
Epi-Mucosa Fixation And Autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin Treatment In Medication-Related Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw, 2021 Università degli Studi di Salerno
Epi-Mucosa Fixation And Autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin Treatment In Medication-Related Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw, Antonio Cortese, Antonio Casarella, Candace M. Howard, Pier Paolo Claudio
Faculty and Student Publications
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) frequently affects patients after treatments with bisphosphonates or denosumab, especially with high doses in patients with bone osteoporosis, neoplastic metastases, or possibly anti-angiogenic treatment for cancer. The aim of this article was to show a new treatment planning for stage 2 and stage 3 MRONJ using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) at the surgical field to enhance healing in association with a new epi-mucosal fixation technique to prevent or treat mandibular fracture. Two cases were treated by epi-mucosa fixation and autologous PRF use for prevention of mandibular fracture risks related to necrotic bone resection or a …
Development Of An Integrated Salt Cartridge-Reverse Electrodialysis (Red) Device To Increase Electrolyte Concentrations Of Human Blood Flow To Power Biomedical Devices, 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Development Of An Integrated Salt Cartridge-Reverse Electrodialysis (Red) Device To Increase Electrolyte Concentrations Of Human Blood Flow To Power Biomedical Devices, Caroline Campbell
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Emerging technologies in nanotechnology and biomedical sciences have led to an increase in biomedical implantable devices including cardiac pacemakers, artificial organs, drug pumps, and sensors. These devices require continuous stable and reliable power to operate, which creates the demand for the need to find a safe, reliable, and stable power source. A promising avenue for a power source for these devices is a miniaturized reverse electrodialysis (RED) biopower cell design that utilizes the salinity differences between bloodstreams that flow inside the human body. Initial results of the RED system demonstrate that higher gradient salinity differences between streams lead to a …
Static Force Analysis Of A Porcine Mitral Valve To Determine Self-Supporting Capabilities Of The Leaflets, 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Static Force Analysis Of A Porcine Mitral Valve To Determine Self-Supporting Capabilities Of The Leaflets, Jacob Paris
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
The mitral valve (MV) is responsible for controlling the flow between the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV). This includes maintaining valve closure under high systolic pressures. Mitral regurgitation (MR) occurs when the valve fails to completely close and blood flows in the reverse direction, from the LV to the LA, during ejection. This type of valvular heart disease is prevalent among elderly individuals and is becoming increasingly common as the population ages. In order to better understand how to properly treat this large group of affected individuals, the mechanics of the MV during high systolic pressures must be …
Monitoring Fgf1-Treated Skin Wounds With Label-Free Multiphoton Microscopy, 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Monitoring Fgf1-Treated Skin Wounds With Label-Free Multiphoton Microscopy, Gianna Busch
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Chronic skin wounds pose a significant threat to public health, affecting as many as 5.5 million people in the United States every year and costing the healthcare system $10 billion annually1,2. These wounds are associated with prolonged inflammation, poor vascularization, increased infection risk, and high mortality rates3,4. There is significant interest in developing and testing a variety of biologics to promote wound healing. However, quantitative evaluations of healing are typically limited to measurements of wound size, and there is a critical need to develop quantitative biomarkers sensitive to different aspects of the healing process. Label-free multiphoton …
Quantifying Blood Flow Patterns In The Pediatric Heart Using Blood Speckle Imaging, 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Quantifying Blood Flow Patterns In The Pediatric Heart Using Blood Speckle Imaging, Harrison Dean
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common type of congenital disease worldwide. Echocardiography using Doppler ultrasound is typically used to diagnose and monitor CHD; however, it is angle-dependent in nature and as a result is limited in its ability to accurately evaluate ventricular function. Blood Speckle Imaging (BSI) is a novel, angle-independent imaging modality that provides detailed blood flow information and visualization within a given area using speckle-tracking. In this study, velocity-field information obtained from BSI was used to calculate flow parameters such as kinetic energy (KE) and circulation using a custom created MATLAB program. BSI was performed on …
The Linear And Non-Linear Relationships Between Peripheral Venous Pressure, Arterial Circulation, And Patient Factors, 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
The Linear And Non-Linear Relationships Between Peripheral Venous Pressure, Arterial Circulation, And Patient Factors, Lauren Crimmins
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Peripheral venous pressure (PVP) can be used to measure blood volume status with a minimally invasive procedure. The pediatric cohort undergoing surgery for pyloric stenosis was studied to determine how arterial circulation and patient factors linearly impact PVP. The relationship between PVP and these confounding factors can provide valuable information for future PVP researchers.
To investigate the linear relationship between PVP and electrocardiogram (ECG) the waveforms were transformed into the frequency domain. A power spectral density was plotted, and the Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated for both preoperative and intraoperative settings. Linear regression models were computed for PVP and varying …
Quantification Of Superoxide Production In Cells Treated With L-Buthionine Sulfoximine, 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Quantification Of Superoxide Production In Cells Treated With L-Buthionine Sulfoximine, Rebekah Townsley
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Hydroxyl radicals, superoxides, and hydrogen peroxides are common reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are produced by the mitochondria during cellular respiration [1]. Signal transduction pathways in the mitochondria are used to maintain the balance of ROS. However, when these mechanisms fail to regulate ROS properly, it causes oxidative damage and can lead to the development of various diseases such as cancer, respiratory, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases. L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) has been used previously to induce oxidative stress by inhibiting the γ-GCS enzyme used to synthesize glutathione, an antioxidant used to convert ROS to water [3]. BSO reduces glutathione production, thus …
Metabolic Profiling Of Radiation Resistance In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Metabolic Profiling Of Radiation Resistance In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Natalie Curry
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Radiation therapy is one of the most common treatments for HNSCC, however, many patients do not respond to radiation therapy. Currently, it takes about a month for clinicians to definitively determine whether a tumor is responsive to radiation therapy. Current studies have identified that the prevention of mitochondrial oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species can prevent DNA damage and lead to a decrease in apoptosis in radiation resistant cells Measuring the oxygen consumption rate through Seahorse metabolic assays allows us to quantify basal respiration, maximal …
Developing Aligned Nerve Scaffolds In A 3d Type-I Collagen Gel, 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Developing Aligned Nerve Scaffolds In A 3d Type-I Collagen Gel, Gabriel David
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Despite significant progress in the field of peripheral nerve repair, clinical success is still limited, leaving millions to suffer from peripheral neuropathy with billions spent every year for treatment. Nerve repair methods that are capable of maximizing the regenerative properties of peripheral nerves are greatly desired in the field of medical science. This research aims to fill the gap between modern methods and the future of nerve repair by creating type-I collagen scaffolds with aligned degradation pores that will assist and nurture nerves growing through them. This is achieved by incorporating adipose stem cells into type-I collagen hydrogels and aligning …
Evaluating Cellular Response Of Different Valve Interstitial Cell (Vic) Phenotypes To Angiotensin I, 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Evaluating Cellular Response Of Different Valve Interstitial Cell (Vic) Phenotypes To Angiotensin I, Smit Patel
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Calcific Aortic Valve Disease (CAVD), one of the leading causes of death in the United States, is characterized by diminished functioning and limited movement of the aortic valve (AV) due to increased thickening, disorganized extracellular matrix elastin fibers, increased collagen content, and abnormal deposition and formation of calcium nodules on the AV [1, 2]. There are two types of CAVD: i) Aortic valve sclerosis (AVS), in which patients suffer from tissue hardening, fibrosis, and early calcification, and ii) calcific aortic stenosis (CAS), representative by excessive calcification on the AV and reduced AV opening, are the two main forms of CAVD …
The Hate Within, 2021 University of Maine - Main
The Hate Within, Kora Kukk
Honors College
A novel in its beginning stages, The Hate Within (May 2021) is the product of discovering a way to be able to eloquently combine biomedical engineering with creative writing which will intrigue young adult readers. This thesis contains the first few chapters of the story along with an additional journal entry, the story’s outline with a list of plot events, and a disquisition exploring the motivation and methodology behind creating this thesis.The novel is about a junior in high school named Alaita. She is a super sweet, kind, and popular girl in school until one day she is diagnosed with …
Scientific Knowledge Shaping Perceptions Of Bioengineered Food Among Undergraduate Students, 2021 University of Maine - Main
Scientific Knowledge Shaping Perceptions Of Bioengineered Food Among Undergraduate Students, Kathleen Tims
Honors College
While commonplace in our grocery stores, GMO-foods have persevered through years of controversy. As the availability of bioengineered(BE) commodities grows and biotechnical industries make strides, studies have shown that the average consumers’ knowledge concerning biotechnology has not. In addition to widely held misconceptions and the general lack of knowledge regarding bioengineered commodities reported by young adults, especially students, the recent United States Department of Agriculture mandate for BE product labeling prompts further research into the consumer perspective on bioengineered products. This research looked to expand upon prior work regarding students’ individual perspective towards topics such as GMOs, knowledge of BE …
Validation Of Arterial Distensibility Neural Network Model With Clinical Data, 2021 Florida Institute of Technology
Validation Of Arterial Distensibility Neural Network Model With Clinical Data, Cassondra Michelle Petersen
Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular diseases continue to plague the world as the number one killer of adults each year. As cardiovascular diseases can start with seemingly no symptoms, heart disease has been coined as the silent killer. With the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic, the need for advances in cardiovascular advances has become even more prevalent as this virus is known to cause more severe damage to those who have underlying cardiovascular problems. These two reasons show the dire clinical need for researchers to continue to use novel techniques such as neural networks to find new approaches for helping physicians non-invasively and quickly add …
Cfd Analysis Of Acoustofluidic Channels And The Effects On Biologic Delivery., 2021 University of Louisville
Cfd Analysis Of Acoustofluidic Channels And The Effects On Biologic Delivery., Zachary T. Long
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
T-cell transformation is an ever-expanding treatment for several types of cancer, with a potential to be adapted to other disorders in which the immune system plays a key role in the pathophysiology. Currently, all FDA approved chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell cancer therapies rely on transformation via viral transduction. However, viral transduction is plagued by poor consistency and the potential to create adverse immune reactions when T-cells are reintroduced into a patient. Other transformation methods are being explored, with an alternative called acoustofluidic sonoporation showing promise. In these procedures, cells are passed through a channel, of the millimeter scale, while …
Isomotive Dielectrophoresis For Enhanced Analyses Of Cell Subpopulations., 2021 University of Louisville
Isomotive Dielectrophoresis For Enhanced Analyses Of Cell Subpopulations., Mohamed Zakarya Rashed
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As the relentless dream of creating a true lab-on-a-chip device is closer to realization than ever before, which will be enabled through efficient and reliable sample characterization systems. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a term used to describe the motion of dielectric particles/ cells, by means of a non-uniform electric field (AC or DC). Cells of different dielectric properties (i.e., size, interior properties, and membrane properties) will act differently under the influence of dielectrophoretic force. Therefore, DEP can be used as a powerful, robust, and flexible tool for cellular manipulation, separation, characterization, and patterning. However, most recent DEP applications focus on …
Development And Applications Of In-Vitro And In-Silico Models Of The Cardiovascular System To Study The Effects Of Mechanical Circulatory Support., 2021 University of Louisville
Development And Applications Of In-Vitro And In-Silico Models Of The Cardiovascular System To Study The Effects Of Mechanical Circulatory Support., Moustafa Meki
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality globally. With ongoing interest in CVDs treatment, preclinical models for drug/therapeutic development that allow for fast iterative research are needed. Owing to the inherent complexity of the cardiovascular system, current in-vitro models of the cardiovascular system fail to replicate many of the physiological aspects of the cardiovascular system. In this dissertation, the main concern is with heart failure (HF). In advanced HF, patients may receive Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) as a bridge to transplant or destination therapy. However, LVADs have many limitations, including inability to adapt to varying tissue demand …
The Role Of Spider Silk In Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, 2021 William & Mary
The Role Of Spider Silk In Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, Langston Forbes-Jackson
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Spider silk neural guidance channels (NGCs) are highly important innovations in the field of regenerative medicine. This paper will discuss the evidence in the literature that supports their function in regenerative medicine and provide a template for future experiments in the field. While many studies within the past 15 years have demonstrated the validity of spider silk as a scaffold for peripheral nerve regeneration, the molecular mechanics that facilitate regeneration are poorly understood. An emphasis on using silk from orb weaving spiders in particular may have caused researchers to overlook other spiders whose silk could prove to have vastly different …
Glial Endothelial Brain Cell Co-Cultures For Testing Signaling Response And Delivery Of Novel Materials Across Blood Brain Barrier, 2021 Louisiana Tech University
Glial Endothelial Brain Cell Co-Cultures For Testing Signaling Response And Delivery Of Novel Materials Across Blood Brain Barrier, Neela Prajapati
Doctoral Dissertations
The brain accounts for 20% of overall energy metabolism in the body though it just comprises 2% of the total body mass but has a limited capacity of storing energy unlike other critical organs in the body such as the heart and liver. This energy along with oxygen and nutrients is supplied by cerebral blood flow (CBF), any interruption of which can cease the brain function within seconds with a potential irreversible neuronal injury, within minutes. Vascular cells along with astrocytes and neurons are a part of a recently developed concept known as the Neurovascular Unit responsible for Neurovascular coupling …