Taxation Commons^™

Vat Treatment Of Financial Institutions, Fatih Yilmaz, Ismail Baydur

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper studies the effects of exempt treatment of financial services under a VATsystem. We develop a general equilibrium model with elastic labor supply, endogenous entry, anda banking sector. The banking sector provides loan services to producers and payment servicesto consumers. Our model display three key distortions under exempt treatment: (i) self-supplybias in the banking sector, (ii) consumption distortions, (iii) input distortions and tax cascading.Then, we calibrate our model to match the salient features of the tax system EU countries. Atax neutral policy regime switch from exempt treatment to full-taxation in loan services improveswelfare about 4%. Shutting down the ...

Consumer Response To Increases In The State Cigarette Tax, Patrick Nolan

MPA/MPP Capstone Projects

In this paper I look at consumer responsiveness to the cigarette tax. Cigarette taxes are motivated by wanting to raise money for the state and wanting to deter smoking in the state’s population. Obviously reducing smoking in the population would reduce the externalities caused by smoking. We know the health effects are completely detrimental to the consumer, and detrimental to those around them. In addition to this we know that tobacco is an addictive substance, meaning than is inherently extremely inelastic.

To find on how consumers respond to tax increases I conducted a difference in difference analysis of tax ...

In The Green Classroom—Tax Policy Of Environmental Tax Rules And Incentives: New Directions In Teaching And Research, Annette Nellen

Faculty Publications

There is no shortage of tax rules that address energy and natural resources in some manner. There are taxes on most types of fuel, tax credits for energy saving devices, and various tax incentives to encourage specified activities such as use of LED lighting or energy efficient heaters. In addition, numerous proposals are offered annually by lawmakers at the federal, state and local levels that also address conservation, energy and innovation in conservation and energy-efficiencies.How do we know if existing rules and proposals are appropriate for a tax system? Principles of good tax policy can be applied to them ...

The U.S. Tax System: Too Taxing On The Wealthy?, Megan Leighty

Undergraduate Honors Theses

"The current U.S. tax system does not allow for proportional distribution of tax burdens among different levels of income. While there are some parts of the system that reduce the progressivity of the tax burden distribution, the wealthiest taxpayers are, on average, disproportionately burdened by taxes in proportion to the income they earn." The research in this paper defends the thesis statement by demonstrating how high-income households are taxed at greater effective tax rates than low-income households.

Tax Transparency And Corporate Tax Avoidance, Taylor Witkiewicz

Honors Theses and Capstones

This analysis will look into the emerging global trend for increased tax transparency from large businesses and corporations. Tax transparency has been a growing topic globally and there has been some recent progress in several countries. This analysis will begin by looking into the motivation behind increasing the amount of transparency around a business’ tax affairs. After exploring some key driving factors, a few of the new major tax initiatives and the details encompassed in them will be discussed. The specific countries that will be focused on are the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom.

Overall, this analysis is ...

(Anti)Poverty Measures Exposed, Francine J. Lipman

Scholarly Works

Few economic indicators have more salience and pervasive financial impact on everyday lives in the United States than poverty measures. Nevertheless, policymakers, researchers, advocates, and legislators generally do not understand the details of poverty measure mechanics. These detailed mechanics shape and reshape poverty measures and the too often uninformed responses and remedies. This Article will build a bridge from personal portraits of families living in poverty to the resource allocations that failed them by exposing the specific detailed mechanics underlying the Census Bureau’s official (OPM) and supplemental poverty measures (SPM). Too often, when we confront the problem of poverty ...

To Work More Or Less? The Impact Of Taxes And Life Satisfaction On The Motivation To Work In Continental And Eastern Europe, Orkhan Nadirov, Khatai Aliyev, Bruce Dehning

Accounting Faculty Articles and Research

Using country-level data from 2000-2013, we test the relationship between life satisfaction (measured as how people evaluate their life as a whole rather than their current feelings) and the motivation to work (measured as aggregate hours of work). Our hypothesis is that even after controlling for average labor income tax rates in countries with high and low average hours worked, there is a significant negative association between the motivation to work and life satisfaction. The main findings of this paper are that the increase in the motivation to work per employee comes at the expense of life satisfaction, and differences ...

Parting Views: Retiring Legislator Survey, Mark Edelman, Tim Shields, David Oman, John Roehrick

Mark Edelman

The following survey results represent a summary of views provided by sixteen legislators who voluntarily retired as State Senators or State Representatives during 1994. The unusually large number of lawmakers who voluntarily retired this year provided an opportunity together a candid assessment of the performance of state government, the impacts of recent changes in Iowa's political process, and to identify future agenda items for the state and for improving Iowa's democracy.

Some New Ethanol Technology: Cost Competition And Adoption Effects In The Petroleum Market, Paul Gallagher, Donald L. Johnson

Paul Gallagher

Growing dependence on imported oil has been a source of concern in the United States, despite potential consumer benefits from low cost imports. Much attention has focused on exposure to the instability of the world petroleum markets. Disadvantages that are associated with an embargo include incomplete adjustment with asset-fixity and unemployment (Tolly and Wilman, Broadman and Bruce). Offsetting use of policy instruments, such as import tax increases that reduce demand while acquiring strategic petroleum reserve (SPR), are effective at improving consumer welfare when embargo uncertainty is present (Teisburg, T.J.). Similarly, Yucell demonstrated the effectiveness of a combined gasoline tax ...

Targets Tax Shelter Participation And Takeover Premiums, Travis Chow, Kenneth J. Klassen, Yanju Liu

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This paper examines the effect of targets' participation in tax shelters on takeover premiums in mergers and acquisitions. Using a novel data set in which targets disclose that they have not participated in tax shelters, we find that targets that make this statement in their merger filings are associated with 4.6 percent higher takeover premiums, on average. These findings suggest that acquirers are concerned about the potential future liabilities when targets have engaged in tax sheltering. Consistent with this interpretation, the results also indicate that the positive association between targets' nonsheltering disclosure and acquisition premiums is stronger for less ...

International Tax Treaties (Affecting Iowa State University Students And Faculty), Philip Johnson

Honors Projects and Posters

This booklet provides a quick reference to the international tax treaties that affect a majority of the students and faculty at Iowa State. This booklet does not cover treaties affecting every non-resident at Iowa State, it is meant to be a quick reference for tax preparers participating in the ISU Volunteer Income Tax Assistance program. All information is based on treaties as of the 2015 tax year.

Developing A Holistic Approach For Tackling Undeclared Work: Background Paper, Colin C. Williams

Colin C Williams

The Nominalistic Principle: A Legal Approach To Inflation, Deflation, Devaluation And Revaluation, Alain H. Sheer

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Taxation – Selection Of Exchange Rate For Translation Purposes -- Where Multiple Exchange Rates Exist For A Foreign Currency And The Underlying Transaction Is Financial In Nature, The Proper Rate For Translation Components Of Taxable Income Is The "Free" Market Rate (Durovic V. Commissioner Of Internal Revenue, 7th Cir. 1976), Tim J. Floyd

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Household Expenditure In Lithuania Including Demographic Effects, Ferdaus Hossain, Helen H. Jensen

Helen Jensen

Empirical analysis of household consumption expenditures provides information that is of critical importance for many policy issues. Estimated demand parameters are of interest not only from the purely behavioral aspects of demand projection, but also because of their usefulness in the analysis of welfare, inequality, and poverty in a society. Further, information on household demand parameters, especially the estimated equivalence scales and demographic demand parameters, are of critical importance for public policy formulations For example, designing and implementation of new and incentive-compatible tax and subsidy policies, and social transfer programs (to alleviate poverty in targeted segments of the society) require ...

Rural Population Growth, 1950–1990: The Roles Of Human Capital, Industry Structure, And Government Policy, Tzu-Ling Huang, Peter F. Orazem, Darin Wohlgemuth

Peter F. Orazem

Human capital raises rural incomes, but this effect is swamped by higher returns to human capital in urban markets. This leads to “brain drain” from rural areas. Populations grow more rapidly in rural counties that have a diversified employment base. Farm population grows faster (or declines more slowly) in counties with relatively high farm income, and nonfarm populations grow faster in counties with relatively high nonfarm income. However, higher farm incomes lead to slower nonfarm population growth and vice versa. Rural county government services financed by local taxes or debt have neutral or negative effects on population growth.

Excessive State Debt: A New Approach To A Growing Problem, Vincent Buccola

Penn Wharton Public Policy Initiative

Economists and political observers agree state governments defaulting on their debt obligations is a growing concern. How best to aid struggling states, however, is a point of contention. This Issue Brief makes a case against ex post restructuring measures, specifically bankruptcy modeled on Chapter 9 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, and in favor of ex ante debt mitigation action. In particular, it introduces tax-credit borrowing (TCB) as a potential commitment device for states that would allow for the creation of super-priority, risk-free debt. TCB ensures that states internalize the risk of default and avoids the moral hazard problem of ...

Insurance Against Extreme Events: Pairing Short-Term Incentives With Long-Term Strategies, Howard Kunreuther

Penn Wharton Public Policy Initiative

Consumers tend to purchase too little insurance or purchase it too late. Consequently, taxpayers wind up bearing substantial burdens for paying reconstruction costs from extreme events. The 2005 and 2012 hurricane seasons alone cost taxpayers nearly $150 billion. There is much that can be done to better facilitate the role that insurance can play in addressing losses from extreme events, both natural and man-made.

En_Final_ Diagnostic Report On Undeclared Work In Greece.Pdf, Colin C. Williams

Colin C Williams

Gamers Beware: Level 99 Boss...Taxes!, Fenny Lei

The Contemporary Tax Journal

No abstract provided.