Unknowable Truths: The Incompleteness Theorems And The Rise Of Modernism,
2022
Belmont University
Unknowable Truths: The Incompleteness Theorems And The Rise Of Modernism, Caroline Tvardy
Honors Theses
This thesis evaluates the function of the current history of mathematics methodologies and explores ways in which historiographical methodologies could be successfully implemented in the field. Traditional approaches to the history of mathematics often lack either an accurate portrayal of the social and cultural influences of the time, or they lack an effective usage of mathematics discussed. This paper applies a holistic methodology in a case study of Kurt Gödel’s influential work in logic during the Interwar period and the parallel rise of intellectual modernism. In doing so, the proofs for Gödel’s Completeness and Incompleteness theorems will be ...
Semantic Completeness Of Intuitionistic Predicate Logic In A Fully Constructive Meta-Theory,
2022
Western Kentucky University
Semantic Completeness Of Intuitionistic Predicate Logic In A Fully Constructive Meta-Theory, Ian Ray
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
A constructive proof of the semantic completeness of intuitionistic predicate logic is explored using set-generated complete Heyting Algebra. We work in a constructive set theory that avoids impredicative axioms; for this reason the result is not only intuitionistic but fully constructive. We provide background that makes the thesis accessible to the uninitiated.
Inferring Inferences: Relational Propositions For Argument Mining,
2022
University of North Alabama
Inferring Inferences: Relational Propositions For Argument Mining, Andrew Potter
Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics
Inferential reasoning is an essential feature of argumentation. Therefore, a method for mining discourse for inferential structures would be of value for argument analysis and assessment. The logic of relational propositions is a procedure for rendering texts as expressions in propositional logic directly from their rhetorical structures. From rhetorical structures, relational propositions are defined, and from these propositions, logical expressions are then generated. There are, however, unsettled issues associated with Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), some of which are problematic for inference mining. This paper takes a deep dive into some of these issues, with the aim of elucidating the problems ...
Russian Logics And The Culture Of Impossible: Part Ii: Reinterpreting Algorithmic Rationality,
2022
Singapore Management University
Russian Logics And The Culture Of Impossible: Part Ii: Reinterpreting Algorithmic Rationality, Ksenia Tatarchenko, Anya Yermakova, Liesbeth De Mol
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This article reinterprets algorithmic rationality by looking at the interaction between mathematical logic, mechanized reasoning, and, later, computing in the Russian Imperial and Soviet contexts to offer a history of the algorithm as a mathematical object bridging the inner and outer worlds, a humanistic vision that we, following logician Vladimir Uspensky, call the “culture of the impossible.” We unfold the deep roots of this vision as embodied in scientific intelligentsia. In Part I, we examine continuities between the turn-of-the-twentieth-century discussions of poznaniye—an epistemic orientation towards the process of knowledge acquisition—and the postwar rise of the Soviet school of ...
Assessing Risk At The National Strategic Level: Visualization Tools For Military Planners,
2021
US Army War College
Assessing Risk At The National Strategic Level: Visualization Tools For Military Planners, Wade A. Germann, Heather S. Gregg
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
The reemergence of great power competition, conflict with near-peer competitor states below the level of armed conflict, and persisting threats from nonstate actors with transnational ambitions and global reach pose challenges for strategists planning, executing, and assessing military operations and strategy. Building on current visualization tools, two proposed models—the National Strategic Risk Abacus and the National Strategic Risk Radar Chart—address these challenges and better depict how the US military may inadvertently contribute to risk at the national strategic level.
Patrick Aidan Heelan’S The Observable: Heisenberg’S Philosophy Of Quantum Mechanics,
2021
Dublin City University
Patrick Aidan Heelan’S The Observable: Heisenberg’S Philosophy Of Quantum Mechanics, Paul Downes
Research Resources
The publication of Patrick Aidan Heelan’s The Observable, with forewords from Michel Bitbol, editor Babette Babich and the author himself, offers a timely invitation to reconsider the relation between quantum physics and continental philosophy.
Patrick Heelan does so, as a contemporary of and interlocutor with Werner Heisenberg on these issues, as a physicist himself who trained with leading figures of quantum mechanics (QM), Erwin Schrödinger and Eugene Wigner. Moreover, Heelan highlights Heisenberg’s interest in phenomenology as ‘a friend and frequent visitor of Martin Heidegger’ (55). Written originally in 1970 and unpublished then for reasons Babich explicates in her ...
Dimentia: Footnotes Of Time,
2021
Bard College
Dimentia: Footnotes Of Time, Zachary Hait
Senior Projects Spring 2021
Time from the physicist's perspective is not inclusive of our lived experience of time; time from the philosopher's perspective is not mathematically engaged, in fact Henri Bergson asserted explicitly that time could not be mathematically engaged whatsoever. What follows is a mathematical engagement of time that is inclusive of our lived experiences, requiring the tools of storytelling.
Recognizing Mathematics Students As Creative: Mathematical Creativity As Community-Based And Possibility-Expanding,
2020
Boston University
Recognizing Mathematics Students As Creative: Mathematical Creativity As Community-Based And Possibility-Expanding, Meghan Riling
Journal of Humanistic Mathematics
Although much creativity research has suggested that creativity is influenced by cultural and social factors, these have been minimally explored in the context of mathematics and mathematics learning. This problematically limits who is seen as mathematically creative and who can enter the discipline of mathematics. This paper proposes a framework of creativity that is based in what it means to know or do mathematics and accepts that creativity is something that can be nurtured in all students. Prominent mathematical epistemologies held since the beginning of the twentieth century in the Western mathematics tradition have different implications for promoting creativity in ...
Don’T Be So Fast With The Knife: A Reply To Kapsner,
2020
San Jose State University
Don’T Be So Fast With The Knife: A Reply To Kapsner, Graham Priest
Comparative Philosophy
The is a brief reply to the central objection against the construction of my The Fifth Corner of Four by Andi Kapsner in his “Cutting Corners: A Critical Note on Priest’s Five-Valued Catuṣkoṭi. This concerns the desirability of adding a fifth corner (ineffability) to the four of the catuṣkoṭi.
Cutting Corners: A Critical Note On Priest’S Five-Valued Catuṣkoṭi,
2020
San Jose State University
Cutting Corners: A Critical Note On Priest’S Five-Valued Catuṣkoṭi, Andreas Kapsner
Comparative Philosophy
Graham Priest has offered a rational reconstruction of Buddhist thought that involves, first, modeling the Catuṣkoṭi by a four valued logic, and then later adding a fifth value, read as “ineffability”. This note examines that fifth value and raises some concerns about it that seem grave enough to reject it. It then sketches an alternative to Priest’s account that has no need for the fifth value.
A Russellian Analysis Of Buddhist Catuskoti,
2020
San Jose State University
A Russellian Analysis Of Buddhist Catuskoti, Nicholaos Jones
Comparative Philosophy
Names name, but there are no individuals who are named by names. This is the key to an elegant and ideologically parsimonious strategy for analyzing the Buddhist catuṣkoṭi. The strategy is ideologically parsimonious, because it appeals to no analytic resources beyond those of standard predicate logic. The strategy is elegant, because it is, in effect, an application of Bertrand Russell's theory of definite descriptions to Buddhist contexts. The strategy imposes some minor adjustments upon Russell's theory. Attention to familiar catuṣkoṭi from Vacchagotta and Nagarjuna as well as more obscure catuṣkoṭi from Khema, Zhi Yi, and Fa Zang motivates ...
Connecting Ancient Philosophers’ Math Theory To Modern Fractal Mathematics,
2020
College of the Holy Cross
Connecting Ancient Philosophers’ Math Theory To Modern Fractal Mathematics, Colin Mccormack
Parnassus: Classical Journal
No abstract provided.
Between Evidence And Facts: An Argumentative Perspective Of Legal Evidence,
2020
East China University of Political Science and Law, Wenbo Academy
Between Evidence And Facts: An Argumentative Perspective Of Legal Evidence, Wenjing Du, Minghui Xiong
OSSA Conference Archive
In this paper, we will present an argumentative view of legal evidence. In an argumentation-based litigation game, the only purpose of the suitor (S) or the respondent (R) is to maximize their own legal rights while the purpose of the trier (T) is to maintain judicial fairness and justice. Different selections of evidence and different orders of presenting evidence will lead to different case-facts and even adjudicative results, the purpose of litigation is to reconcile a balance among the three parties - S, R, and T.
Real Possibility: Modality And Responsibility,
2020
University of Connecticut
Real Possibility: Modality And Responsibility, Julia Gaul
Honors Scholar Theses
Imagine: someone is backing out of a parking space and does not look in their rear view mirror. They subsequently hit a car that was passing by. One could argue that they simply could have avoided the accident had they looked in their mirror. This non-actual possibility, that they could have looked in the mirror, seems legally and morally relevant. One could also argue that they could have avoided the accident had they stuck their feet out of their window and sung La Marseillaise.
My leading questions is: how do we distinguish possibilities that are legally and morally relevant from ...
An Evolutionary Approach To Crowdsourcing Mathematics Education,
2020
University of Maine
An Evolutionary Approach To Crowdsourcing Mathematics Education, Spencer Ward
Honors College
By combining ideas from evolutionary biology, epistemology, and philosophy of mind, this thesis attempts to derive a new kind of crowdsourcing that could better leverage people’s collective creativity. Following a theory of knowledge presented by David Deutsch, it is argued that knowledge develops through evolutionary competition that organically emerges from a creative dialogue of trial and error. It is also argued that this model of knowledge satisfies the properties of Douglas Hofstadter’s strange loops, implying that self-reflection is a core feature of knowledge evolution. This mix of theories then is used to analyze several existing strategies of crowdsourcing ...
The Conceptions Of Self-Evidence In The Finnis Reconstruction Of Natural Law,
2020
Campbell University School of Law
The Conceptions Of Self-Evidence In The Finnis Reconstruction Of Natural Law, Kevin P. Lee
St. Mary's Law Journal
Finnis claims that his theory proceeds from seven basic principles of practical reason that are self-evidently true. While much has been written about the claim of self-evidence, this article considers it in relation to the rigorous claims of logic and mathematics. It argues that when considered in this light, Finnis equivocates in his use of the concept of self-evidence between the realist Thomistic conception and a purely formal, modern symbolic conception. Given his respect for the modern positivist separation of fact and value, the realism of the Thomistic conception cannot be the foundation for the natural law as Finnis would ...
Logical Pluralism And Vicious Regresses,
2020
The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Logical Pluralism And Vicious Regresses, Daniel Boyd
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This material in this dissertation will be divided into two parts. The first part is a preliminary discussion of vicious regress arguments in the philosophy of logic in the 20th century. The second part will focus on three different versions of logical pluralism, i.e., the view that there are many correct logics. In each case an argument will be developed to show that these versions of logical pluralism result in a vicious regress.
The material in part one will be divided into three chapters, and there are a few reasons for having a preliminary discussion of vicious regress arguments ...
Are Logic And Math Relevant To Social Debates?,
2020
The Silberman School of Social Work at Hunter College
Are Logic And Math Relevant To Social Debates?, Michael A. Lewis
Journal of Humanistic Mathematics
Social debates, as well as discussions about certain highly charged issues, such as racism, gender identity, and sexuality, usually turn on the uses or mentions of key words. That is, the conclusions we can draw from such discussions depend on how certain terms are used or mentioned in them. Yet participants in social debates may often fail to precisely define their terms or fail to make important distinctions in terms uttered by others. Both logic and mathematics pay attention to the importance of precise definitions when it comes to engaging in discussions, arguments, or proofs. Logic also makes an important ...
Engaging The Paradoxical: Zeno's Paradoxes In Three Works Of Interactive Fiction,
2020
University of Puget Sound
Engaging The Paradoxical: Zeno's Paradoxes In Three Works Of Interactive Fiction, Michael Z. Spivey
Journal of Humanistic Mathematics
For over two millennia thinkers have wrestled with Zeno's paradoxes on space, time, motion, and the nature of infinity. In this article we compare and contrast representations of Zeno's paradoxes in three works of interactive fiction, Beyond Zork, The Chinese Room, and A Beauty Cold and Austere. Each of these works incorporates one of Zeno's paradoxes as part of a puzzle that the player must solve in order to advance and ultimately complete the story. As such, the reader must engage more deeply with the paradoxes than he or she would in a static work of fiction ...
The Rhetorical Structure Of Modus Tollens: An Exploration In Logic-Mining,
2020
University of North Alabama
The Rhetorical Structure Of Modus Tollens: An Exploration In Logic-Mining, Andrew Potter
Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics
A general method for mining discourse for occurrences of the rules of inference would be useful in a variety of natural language processing applications. The method described here has its roots in Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST). An RST analysis of a rule of inference can be used as an exemplar to produce a relational complex in the form of a nested relational proposition. This relational complex can be transformed into a logical expression using the logic of relational propositions. The expression can then be generalized as a logical signature for use in logic-mining discourse for instances of the rule. Generalized ...